Okokuqala, U-Nayarit uthole ukugunyazwa okusemthethweni kokuthengisa ukwatapheya omusha emakethe yase-USNgakho-ke izwe lasentshonalanga ye-Mexican lijoyina iqembu elincane lezifunda zase-Mexico elingathumela lesi sithelo ngokuqondile endaweni enkulu yamazwe ngamazwe yama-avocados.
Ngalesi sinyathelo, I-Nayarit ijoyina i-Michoacán ne-Jalisco njengezwe lesithathu lase-Mexico eligunyazwe ukuthekelisa IHass ukwatapheya E-United StatesUshintsho lubalulekile: kusukela manje kuqhubeke, izithelo ezikhiqizwe e-Nayarit zingangena ezweni elingumakhelwane nelebula lazo lemvelaphi, ngaphandle kokuncika ngezikhungo zokupakisha noma zokuqoqa kwezinye izifundazwe.
Ingqophamlando yezindawo zasemaphandleni zaseNayarit
Iziphathimandla zombuso zichaze lokhu kuqhubekela phambili ngokuthi a impumelelo eyingqophamlando yomkhakha we-avocado wendawo, ngemva kweminyaka lapho ukukhiqizwa okuningi kwagcina kuhlanganiswe namaketanga okuthengisa kwezinye izifundazwe, ikakhulukazi iMichoacán, ukuze weqe umngcele.
Kuze kube manje, ama-avocados akulesi sifunda ayehloselwe kakhulu Imakethe yasekhaya yaseMexico noma yasakazwa ngabalamuli abaqinisekisiweLokhu kusho ukuthi umkhiqizo wagcina ulebulwe ngokuthi usuka kwesinye isifunda. Ngesitifiketi esisha, i-Nayarit izomelwa ngokusobala ezibalweni zokuthekelisa ezisemthethweni.
Uhulumeni wezwe ugcizelela ukuthi lokhu kugunyazwa Ivula isahluko esisha semindeni yabalimiabazokwazi ukufisa amanani ancintisana kakhulu kanye nezinkontileka eziqondile nabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe, ikakhulukazi e-United States, lapho ukusetshenziswa kukakotapheya kuhlala kusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu.
Isinqumo siza esimweni lapho I-Mexico isaqhubeka nokuba ngumkhiqizi ohamba phambili emhlabeni wonke wamakotapheya.ngobukhona obuqinile ikakhulukazi eNyakatho Melika. Kubakhiqizi, abapakishi, kanye neziphathimandla, ukufakwa ngokusemthethweni kuka-Nayarit kulo mbuthano kumelele ukweqa kwamasu.
Isitifiketi se-Phytosanitary kanye nendima ye-SENASICA kanye ne-USDA-APHIS
Ukhiye onike amandla lolu shintsho kube yi- isitifiketi esihlanganyelwe se-phytosanitary se-National Service for Agrifood Health, Safety and Quality (SENASICA), eMexico, futhi kusukela Isevisi Yokuhlola Impilo Yezilwane Nezitshalo (USDA-APHIS), incike eMnyangweni Wezolimo wase-United States.
Zombili lezi zikhungo zisebenze ne Uphiko Olujwayelekile Lwezempilo Yezitshalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwatapheya okhiqizwa eNayarit uyahlangabezana nezidingo ze Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lokusebenza (OWP), Indlela Yezinhlelo Zokungeniswa Kokwatapheya Omusha we-Hass usuka eMexico uya e-United States., isivumelwano samazwe amabili esibeka izidingo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi isithelo sifika singenazo izinambuzane nezifo.
Njengengxenye yenqubo, okulandelayo kwenziwa Ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe ezinsimini zezithelo komasipala baseSan Pedro Lagunillas naseSanta María del OroLokhu kuvakasha kuhlanganisa ukubuyekezwa kwezinto ezinjengokulawula izinambuzane, izindlela ezinhle zokulima, ukulandeleka kwemikhiqizo, kanye nezimo zezempilo ezijwayelekile zasemasimini.
Ngemva kwalokhu kuqinisekisa, iziphathimandla zaseMexico nase-United States zaphetha ngokuthi I-Nayarit ithobelana nemingcele edingekayo ye-phytosanitary ukubamba iqhaza kuhlelo lokuthekelisa ukwatapheya lwe-Hass emakethe yase-U.S. Lokhu kuvula indlela yokuqala ukuthunyelwa kwezentengiselwano kusuka kuhulumeni.
Inqubo, ende futhi enezidingo eziningi zobuchwepheshe, ichazwe ngamazwi angaphakathi komkhakha ngokwawo njengohlobo oluthile "umjaho we-bureaucratic and technical marathon"lapho noma yimiphi imininingwane ingabambezela ukugunyazwa. Ngakho-ke, ukugunyazwa kuthathwa njengoshintsho lwesifunda.
Umthelela wezomnotho kanye namathuba emindeni yabalimi
Ukuthola isitifiketi akukhawulelwe ekuqashelweni kokuphatha: Lokhu kusho ushintsho olungaba khona emnothweni wasemaphandleni waseNayaritUkufinyelela emakethe yase-US kuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi baxoxisane ngemibandela engcono futhi banciphise ukuncika kwabo kubaxhumanisi.
Iziphathimandla zombuso zikugcizelele ukuthi lesi sinyathelo Ivula umnyango wemali engenayo ephezulu kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezindawo zokuvuna.Lokhu kungahumushela emisebenzini eminingi ezindaweni ezitshala ukwatapheya, umsebenzi owengeziwe wokupakisha izitshalo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinsizakalo ezihlobene nokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe.
Ngokwesithombe, isimo Manje isithatha indawo evelele kumephu yokudla kwamazwe ngamazwe ezolimo.Lokhu kumisa, okuhlotshaniswa nomkhiqizo onesidingo esikhulu nevelu eyengeziwe, esikhathini esimaphakathi, kungaheha utshalomali, kwenziwe ingqalasizinda ibe yesimanje, futhi kwenze uchungechunge lokukhiqiza lube sezingeni eliphezulu.
Isitifiketi futhi kulindeleke ukuthi sisebenze njenge ukukhuthaza kwezivande zezithelo ezengeziwe ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zobuchwepheshe yohlelo lokuthekelisa, oluhlanganisa ukulawulwa okuqinile kwe-phytosanitary, izinhlelo zokulandeleka kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha ngemva kokuvuna ezihambisana namazinga omhlaba.
Kubalimi, abajwayele ukusebenza ezimakethe ezinamanani aguquguqukayo futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, amamajini aqinile, amathuba okuba ukufinyelela ngokuqondile emakethe enkulu njenge-United States Kuthathwa njengethuba lokuzinza okukhulu, inqobo nje uma ikhwalithi igcinwa futhi namazinga ayahlangatshezwa.
Umongo wekotapheya e-Mexico kanye nendima ka-Nayarit
Esigcawini sikazwelonke, U-Michoacán usalokhu eyibhentshimark ephambili yamakotapheya aseMexico.Ibalelwa cishe ku-70-75% womkhiqizo usuwonke. Sekuyiminyaka, lesi sifundazwe siholele ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-United States, eCanada, nakwezinye izimakethe.
I-Jalisco yona, Ithole indawo eminyakeni yamuva nje futhi igunyazwe ukuthumela e-United States kusukela ngo-2022.Ukufakwa kwayo ohlelweni kubeka isibonelo kwezinye izifundazwe ezifuna ukulandela indlela efanayo, kuhlanganise neNayarit.
Ezinye izindawo ezifana neSifundazwe SaseMexico kanye neMorelos zigcina a orientation igxile kakhulu emakethe yasekhayaNgenkathi i-Nayarit ihlanganisa ukuhlinzekwa kwezwe ngeso elingaphandle, ngenxa yezimo zayo zezulu kanye nemvelo ukwanda kancane kancane kokutshalwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zikakotapheya.
Isitifiketi esisha siyakuvumela lokho Umthamo okhiqizwe e-Nayarit akumele usabalwe ngaphansi komthunzi wezinye izifundazwe ezithumela ngaphandle.Kuze kube manje, ingxenye yesivuno igcine ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngaphansi kwelebula le-Michoacán, njengoba ihlanganiswe namaketanga okunikezela aqinisekisiwe. Ngokushintsha kwesimo, leli qiniso lingashintsha kancane kancane.
Ngokwenza, inselelo kusukela manje izoba Hlanganisa ukuhambisana nezidingo ze-phytosanitary futhi wandise inani lamasimu ezithelo aqinisekisiweukuze umbuso uzuze isisindo ezibalweni zokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside, ngaphakathi kwemakethe yomhlaba wonke lapho ukusetshenziswa kuqhubeka khona ukwanda.
Ukuhambisana nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nomthengi waseYurophu
Nakuba umamukeli osheshayo walesi sitifiketi yi- Imakethe yase-United StatesLe nhlangano iphinde ibe nentshisekelo nakulabo abalandela eduze ukuhweba ngezolimo nokudla okuvela eYurophu. Ukwatapheya okwazi ukudlula ukuhlolwa kwe-phytosanitary yaseNyakatho Melika Ibonisa izinga lokulawula elihambisana nanoma yimuphi umngenisi.okuhlanganisa ne-European Union.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kuka-Nayarit ku- Ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zokulandela umkhondo, ukulawula izinambuzane, kanye nezinqubo ezinhle zezolimo Lokhu kungaba yisisekelo, esikhathini esizayo, sokuhlola izindawo ezintsha zohwebo, okuhlanganisa amazwe aseYurophu anesidingo esikhulayo samakotapheya kanye nemithetho eqinile ngokulinganayo.
Eminyakeni yamuva, iYurophu ikhulise ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwalesi sithelo, nge izimakethe ezifana neSpain, France, Germany noma Netherlands esebenza njengamaphoyinti abalulekile wokusabalalisa. Nakuba ukwatapheya omningi ofika kuleli zwekazi uvela kweminye imvelaphi (njengePeru, i-Colombia noma i-Mexico ngokwayo), ukungena kwabadlali abasha abaqinisekisiwe ngokuvamile kuholela ekunikezeni okuhlukahlukene kakhulu.
Kumthengi waseYurophu, ojwayele ukuthola ukwatapheya emashalofini ezitolo ezinkulu unyaka wonke, iqiniso lokuthi abakhiqizi abavela ezifundeni ezahlukene bathobela izindinganiso eziqinile Kuyasiza ukugcina izinga elithile lesiqinisekiso mayelana nekhwalithi nokuphepha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi idabuka kuliphi izwe.
Kulo mongo, icala likaNayarit lingahunyushwa ngokuthi isibonelo sokuthi izifunda ezikhiqizayo ezisafufusa zizijwayelanisa kanjani nezinhlaka zokulawula ezidingekayo ukuthola indawo emaketangeni okuhlinzeka emhlabeni wonke, into ethi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, igcine inomthelela ekutholakaleni nezici zomkhiqizo ezimakethe zaseYurophu.
Isiqalo sokunwetshwa kwe-Nayarit avocados
Ukugunyazwa kokuthekelisa ukwatapheya e-United States kusho ukuthi ukuqala kwesigaba esisha kunephuzu lokufikaKusukela manje kuqhubeke, abakhiqizi, abapakishi, kanye neziphathimandla kuzodingeka bagcine izinga lokuqina elibavumela ukuthi bathole isitifiketi futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, bahlele ukukhula ngendlela ehlelekile.
Kuyoba ukhiye lokho Amasimu ezithelo engeziwe ajoyina uhlelo lokunikeza izitifiketiNgokwamukela izinqubo ezidingwa yi-SENASICA kanye ne-USDA-APHIS kanye nokuhlanganisa isiko lezempilo lezitshalo eleqa ukuthobela nje okusemthethweni, umbuso uzokwazi ukwandisa kancane kancane umthamo waso wokuthekelisa.
Kuphinde kuvule isikhala sokuthi umkhakha uhlole izinhlobo ezintsha zenhlangano, izinhlangano zabakhiqizi kanye nezivumelwano zohwebo ezithuthukisa amandla abo okuxoxisana nabathengi bangaphandle. Umgomo awukona nje ukuthengisa okwengeziwe, kodwa ukwenza kanjalo ngaphansi kwezimo ezisimeme emkhakheni wezolimo waseNayarit.
Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuqashelwa umhlaba wonke kwamakotapheya e-Nayarit Kungase kube nemiphumela engaqondile kwezinye izitshalo kanye nemisebenzi ye-agri-food esifundazweni, ngokuqinisa isithombe sendawo ekwazi ukuhlangabezana nekhwalithi ephezulu namazinga ezempilo.
Lesi sinyathelo sibeka i-Nayarit endaweni ehlukile ngaphakathi kwemephu ye-avocado yaseMexico: Izoyeka ukuba umphakeli wethunzi nje futhi izoba umsuka okhonjwe ngokucacile kwenye yezimakethe ezidinga kakhulu emhlabeni.Uma umkhakha ukwazi ukusizakala ngalesi simo, umthelela ungazwakala iminyaka eminingi emnothweni wasemakhaya kanye nasekuboneni umbuso wamazwe ngamazwe.
