El itshe likaphayini bonsai (I-Pinus pinea) ingenye yezinketho ezifanekisela kakhulu futhi eziyigugu kubuciko be-bonsai, nakuba iphinde imele inselele ejabulisayo kulabo abafisa ukunakekela nokwenza isihlahla esihlanganisa amandla, ubuhle nokubekezela. Nakuba abanye ochwepheshe batusa ezinye izinhlobo zabaqalayo, ukuqonda izici ezingavamile zikaphayini wamatshe Kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuyigcina inempilo futhi uzuze izifanekiso ezinhle ngempela.
Izici eziyinhloko ze-stone pine bonsai
El uphayini wamatshe Kuyisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esiqashelwa kabanzi ngokubukeka kwaso okuqinile, umqhele obanzi, oyindilinga, namaqabunga amade, aluhlaza ajulile, afana nenaliti. Lawa mabhonsai agcina umbala wawo unyaka wonke, awenze athandeke kakhulu kunoma iyiphi isizini.
- Igama lesayensi: I-Pinus pinea
- Umndeni: I-Pinaceae
- Izinaliti: Yinde, iqoqwe ngababili, enokwakheka okuqinile futhi imelana nomoya.
- Uphayinaphu: Okukhulu, aqukethe amantongomane adumile kaphayini asetshenziswa ku-gastronomy.
- I-Cortex: Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iqala ukubukeka okuqhekekile, okuhlobisa.
- Isikhathi eside: Ingaphila amashumi amaningi eminyaka uma inakekelwa kahle, imelela uphawu lokubekezela.
Ngenkathi uphayini wetshe waziwa ngawo izinaliti ezinde, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi lesi sici singavimbela ukwakheka okuncane okuminyene okujwayelekile kwamanye ama-bonsai. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe batusa amasu athile ukulawula ubungqabavu baso futhi sikhuthaze ukuhluma.
Indawo ekahle kanye nokuchayeka elangeni
Itshe likaphayini isihlahla ukuthi idinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile isikhathi esiningi sosuku. Yibeke ngaphandle endaweni evulekile, enomoya omuhle futhi echayeke elangeni ukuyigcina izinaliti ezihlangene kanye nokukhula okulinganiselayo. Ayibekezeleli izindawo ezinomthunzi noma ukuhlala endlini isikhathi eside, njengoba lokhu kungayiqeda amandla kakhulu.
- Ithempelesha: Ifanele isimo sezulu saseMedithera, imelana nesithwathwa esisesilinganisweni namagagasi okushisa, nakuba kubalulekile ukuvikela izimpande eqhweni elinamandla.
- Imvelo: Ithanda indawo eyomile, engenawo umoya; gwema umswakama owedlulele.
Ebusika, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuyivumela ukuthi ibe nomjikelezo obandayo ukuze kusebenze ihlumela lemvelo entwasahlobo. Ukuthutha okuvamile kusithinta kabi isihlahla, ngakho thola indawo ezinzile.
Ukunisela okufanelekile kwe-stone pine bonsai
Ukuchelela kukaphayini wamatshe kufanele kube njalo okulingene nokunembayoLe bonsai ayikubekezeleli ukugcwala kwamanzi: vumela ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-substrate lome ngaphambi kokunisela futhi.
- Iqinisekisa ukugeleza okuhle kakhulu ebhodweni ukuvimbela ukuqoqwa kwamanzi ezimpandeni, njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukubola noma izifo zesikhunta.
- Esikhathini sokukhula, kuhle ukunisela ekuseni, okuvumela izimpande ukuba wasebenzise kahle amanzi.
- Ebusika, ivikela i-substrate emoyeni obandayo futhi kunciphisa izingozi uma izinga lokushisa liphansi.
- Gwema ukuchelela ngemva kwesithwathwa noma lapho kunengozi yokubanda.
Kuholela amanzi engeziwe izinaliti ezinde kanye nokukhula okungalawuleki, ngakho ukulawula ukuchelela kubalulekile ukuze i-bonsai ehlangene nenempilo.
Ama-substrates anconyiwe kaphayini wamatshe
Un i-substrate efakwe kahle futhi ene-aerated Kuyisihluthulelo sikaphayini wetshe. Izimpande zidinga umoya-mpilo kanye nomswakama olawulwayo:
- Imiksi efanelekile: akadama (ukugcina amanzi kanye nokungenisa umoya), I-Kiryu (i-drainage) kanye itshe lentaba-mlilo (ukukhanya kanye nomoya).
- Ungasebenzisa futhi inhlanganisela ye isihlabathi somfula, i-pine mulch kanye ne-akadama, ukulungisa iphesenti ngokwesimo sezulu kanye nezidingo zesihlahla.
- I-Pine mulch ikhuthaza ukubukeka kwe isikhunta esizuzisayo (mycorrhizae) ibalulekile kumaconifers.
Gwema inhlabathi enzima, ehlangene noma leyo egcina umswakama isikhathi eside. Shintsha i-substrate njalo lapho utshala futhi ungaphinde usebenzise inhlabathi yezinye izihlahla ukuvimbela izifo.
Ukufakelwa: nini futhi kanjani
Ukufakelwa kwe-stone pine kufanele kwenziwe njalo eminyakeni emi-2 ezihlahleni ezincane futhi njalo eminyakeni emi-3 kuya kwemi-5 ezihlahleni ezivuthiwe. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu ngasekupheleni kwebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo,lapho nje izithupha zikhukhumala.
- Nisela i-substrate ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambili.
- Susa ngokucophelela umuthi; hlola, geza, futhi uthene kuphela izimpande ezilimele.
- Ungasishiyi isihlahla sinezimpande isikhathi eside; gcina enye i-substrate endala ukuze unakekele i-mycorrhizae.
- Ungasusi ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yezimpande.
- Faka isihlahla ebhodweni elifanele, uvikele isiqu, bese ugcwalisa inhlabathi entsha.
- Gwema ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokufakelwa kabusha ukuze unciphise ukucindezeleka.
- Ungalokothi uvundise isihlahla esisanda kutshalwa kabusha: linda sihlume.
Ukuthena, ukupinwa kanye nokufaka izintambo: amasu abalulekile
Ukuthena nokumpintsha kunezindlela ezihlukile kodwa ezihambisanayo ku-stone pine bonsai:
- Amagatsha okuthena: Sika ebusika ukuze ulungise futhi entwasahlobo-ehlobo ukuze ulungiswe. Susa amagatsha awelayo, aphambene, aqondile, nakhulela ngaphakathi.
- Ukuncinza amakhandlela: Ncinza ukukhula okusha ngesikhathi sokusebenza ukuze ukhiqize i-branching kanye nokuminyana. Ungalokothi uncinde amahlumela abuthakathaka noma uma ufuna ukunweba igatsha.
- Izintambo: Yenza isihlahla, okungcono ekwindla noma ebusika. Sebenzisa igeji efanele futhi uhlole amamaki. Gcina ucingo lusendaweni iminyaka engu-1 kuya kwemi-2, esikhundleni salo uma kunesidingo.
Khumbula: uphayini awukhuli lapho kungekho khona izinaliti, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokukhipha igatsha noma ukuchithwa, hlela ukuqeqeshwa kahle ukuze ungalahlekelwa amathuba okuba amahlumela amasha.
Ukuvundisa uphayini wamatshe: nini futhi kanjani ukufaka umanyolo
Ukuvundisa kubalulekile ukuze i-bonsai ibe namandla, kodwa kufanele kube njalo elilingene futhi lifanele isigaba sokukhulaMayelana nalokhu, ungase ube nesithakazelo sokubonisana Umhlahlandlela we-substrate engcono kakhulu ye-bonsai ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwayo.
- Sebenzisa umanyolo ophilayo ikakhulukazi ama-conifers, ukwandisa umthamo entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
- Yehlisa noma misa ukubhalisa ngokugcwele ehlobo nasebusika obubandayo.
- Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela umthamo onconywayo, ukhetha ukuvundisa kancane futhi kaningi.
- Umanyolo one-phosphorus ne-potassium eningi usiza ekunciphiseni usayizi yenaliti.
- Ungavundisi uma isihlahla sisanda kufakelwa kabusha noma sibuthakathaka.
Izifo ezivamile kanye nezinambuzane
I-Stone pine iqinile, kodwa isengozini yoku:
- Izinambuzane: Izibungu, ama-mealybugs, ama-aphid, amacimbi kanye namabhu efihlekile.
- Amakhowe: Ukugqwala, ukubola nokunye okuphuma kumswakama oweqile.
Hlola amahlamvu nesiqu ngezikhathi ezithile. Gcina ukuphathwa okuhle kokunisela, qinisekisa ukungena komoya okuhle futhi susa amaqabunga amadala Ukuze ugweme imithombo yokutheleleka. Sebenzisa ama-fungicides athile kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane kuphela uma ubona izinambuzane, futhi njalo ubeke phambili ukuvimbela ukuze unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali.
Ukukhiqiza: imbewu kanye nokusika
Indlela yakudala yokuphindaphinda kukaphayini wetshe ngu imbewu. Ngale njongo, ungaba nentshisekelo yokubonisana Indlela yokwenza i-bonsai kusuka enzalweni.:
- Cold stratify imbewu amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ku-drain substrate.
- Gcina i-substrate imanzi, hhayi amanzi, futhi endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo.
- Izithombo zitshalwa emabhodweni ngamanye uma seziqine ngokwanele.
Ukusika kanye nokwendlaleka komoya kuyizinketho eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ezidla isikhathi, ngokuvamile azinconywa kwabaqalayo. Ku-bonsai yabantu abadala, ukubuyisela izibonelo zasendle kufanele kwenziwe ngenani eliphakeme lebhola lempande futhi kuhloniphe izimpande eziyinhloko.
Izitayela ezinconyiwe zebhonsai zikaphayini wamatshe
- Okuhlelekile (Chokkan): Isiqu esiqondile nenhle.
- Okungahlelekile (Moyogi): Isiqu esigobile namagatsha asymmetrical.
- Impophoma (Kengai): Isiqu esiwela ngaphansi kwesisekelo sebhodwe.
- I-Literati (Bunjin): Isiqu esine-sinuous, minimalist kanye ne-evocative.
- Kufakiwe: Isiqu esincikeyo silingisa izihlahla ezishaywa umoya.
Ukuguquguquka kwephayini yamatshe kukuvumela ukuthi uzame cishe noma yisiphi isitayela, ngaphandle Kabudachi (iziqu eziningi ukusuka esisekelweni). Uphayini ngamunye unamandla okuba ucezu lobuciko oluyingqayizivele; udinga nje ukuzivumelanisa nezici zayo futhi usebenze ngesineke. Nikeza isikhathi, isiyalo, kanye nokubuka ku- itshe likaphayini bonsai Ihumusha ekudalweni komsebenzi ophilayo wobuciko, uphawu lokuphikelela, ubuhle bemvelo, nobuciko. Njengoba ujula ekunakekelweni kwaso, uzothola ukwaneliseka kokubuka isihlahla sikhula futhi sishintsha, ngenxa yokunaka kwakho, sizoveza okuhamba phambili komhlaba webhonsai.
