Uma utshala ingadi yemifino, cishe uke wazibuza kaningi ukuthi kungani kwezinye izindawo izitshalo zikhula kahle kanti kwezinye, zinenhlabathi efanayo kanye nokunisela, Imifino ihlala imincane, igule, noma izinambuzane ziqhume.Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ezivame ukunganakwa ukuthi uhlanganisa kanjani izitshalo kanye, ikakhulukazi, lokho okwenzayo ngegalikhi, u-anyanisi kanye ne-leek.
Umndeni we-lily (ugalikhi, u-anyanisi, i-leek…) uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho okubonakala sengathi: unjalo oxosha izinambuzaneZithuthukisa ukunambitheka kweminye imifino futhi, uma ziphathwa kahle, Zingakhuphula ukukhiqizwa futhi zinciphise ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhaliNgaphezu kwalokho, uma zihlanganiswa nezitha zemvelo (izinambuzane ezizuzisayo, ama-nematode, kanye nesikhunta), ziba uhlobo "lomshuwalense wokuphila" engadini yakho, kokubili ngaphezulu nangaphansi komhlaba.
Kungani ukuhlanganisa ugalikhi, u-anyanisi, kanye ne-leek engadini kusebenza kahle kangaka?
Lezi zitshalo ezintathu zabelana ngomndeni kanye nezidingo eziningi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo Zinikeza imiphumela ethokozisayo kakhulu uma zihlala ndawonye endaweni efanayoEmapulazini amakhulu eCastile naseLeón noma eCastile-La Mancha, sekuvele kubonakala ukuthi inhlanganisela efanele yamasu ebhayoloji negalikhi, u-anyanisi kanye ne-leek yenza kube nokwenzeka ukugcina izinambuzane zilawulwa ngaphansi kokulawula ezazidinga ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali amaningi ngaphambilini.
Ku-anyanisi, isibonelo, kuboniswe ukuthi ukwethulwa kwezitha zemvelo ezifana I-Orius laevigatus (isilokazane esidla izinambuzane ezidla ama-thrip) kanye nothango lwe-Lobularia maritima kukhuthaza lesi sinambuzane esiwusizo ukuba sihlale epulazini ngisho noma u-anyanisi ungaqhakazi. Ngale ndlela, abalimi bangakwazi Ukulawula ukutheleleka kwama-thrips ngaphandle kokuthembela kakhulu emithini yokubulala izinambuzane, into engasasebenzi kahle ezindaweni eziningi ngenxa yokumelana nezinambuzane.
Indlela efanayo ilandelwa ngama-leeks negalikhi, kuncike ku- ama-nematode awusizo kanye nesikhunta senhlabathi esiwusizo ukunciphisa umonakalo wezinambuzane nezifo. Umqondo oyisisekelo ulula kakhulu: esikhundleni sokulwa nezinambuzane zodwa, Sisebenzisa izinhlangano eziningi ezisebenzisana nathikokubili ngaphezu komhlabathi nangaphansi komhlabathi.
Ngaphezu kokulawulwa kwezinto eziphilayo, kukhona umphumela ohambisanayo phakathi kwalezi zitshalo: iphunga lazo elinamandla lisiza ekudidekeni kwezinambuzane, futhi uma zihlanganiswa kahle neminye imifino ziba ozakwethu abahle bokuvikela izaqathi, amaklabishi, amalethisi notamatisi, phakathi kokunye okuningi.
Ukulawulwa okuthuthukisiwe kwezinto eziphilayo ku-anyanisi: izinambuzane, ama-nematode kanye nothango lwezimbali
U-anyanisi ungomunye wezitshalo ezivame kakhulu ze-bulb futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, enye yalezo ezithinteke kakhulu yizintwala kanye nokuhlaselwa yizimpukane zika-anyanisiEzindaweni zokukhiqiza ezinkulu, inqubo ethile iye yasungulwa ngokusekelwe cishe ngokuphelele ekulawulweni kwezinto eziphilayo, okungashintshwa futhi kube yizinsimu zezithelo eziphakathi nendawo noma ezinkulu.
Insika yokuqala yaleli su ukuhlanganiswa ama-macroorganism (izinambuzane ezizuzisayo) kanye nama-microorganism (ama-nematode kanye nesikhunta esizuzisayo)Engxenyeni engaphandle, umdlali oyinhloko yisinambuzane esidla ezinye izilwane i-Orius laevigatus, esithengiswa kwezinye izinhlelo ngaphansi kwamagama afana ne-Thripor-L®. Lesi sinambuzane sitya ama-thrip, esinye sezinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ku-anyanisi.
Ukuze i-Orius izinze ngempumelelo esivunweni, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi uthango oluqhakazayo lweLobularia maritimaLesi sitshalo, esihlwanyelwe emigqeni noma emingceleni, sinikeza impova kanye nendawo yokukhosela iminyovu ye-Orius ngaphambi kokuba izimbali zika-anyanisi ziqhakaze, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane ezidla ezinye zihlala ensimini. Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukuthi kufakwe iminyovu ye-Orius cishe emibili ngemitha yesikwele uma u-anyanisi enamaqabunga amane kuya kwamahlanu, cishe inyanga eyodwa ngemva kokuhlwanyela.
Insika yesibili ukulawula okwenzekayo enhlabathini. Izibungu ze-thrips zingaqeda ingxenye yomjikelezo wazo wokuphila zigqitshwe emhlabathini, futhi sithola nezinye izinambuzane ezifana i-anyanisi fly (i-Delia antiqua)Ukuze kulwiwe nazo, kusetshenziswa i-nematode ye-entomopathogenic Steinernema feltiae (Capirel® kwezinye izinhlelo). Le microorganism ingena ezimpungusheni zezinambuzane enhlabathini bese izibulala, ngaleyo ndlela inciphisa kakhulu ingcindezi yezinambuzane.
Emapulazini ezentengiselwano, kufakwa ibhokisi elilodwa kuya kwamabili lama-nematode ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.500 ngehektha ngalinye, kulungiswa umthamo ngokuya ngobukhulu bokutheleleka. Emasimini amancane ezithelo, umqondo uyafana: lungisa umthamo bese uphinda ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezibucayiIsibonelo, uma kubonakala izibungu zokuqala noma kuvela izinambuzane ezinamaqabunga.
Indlela ama-leek emvelo aphathwa ngayo ngokulawulwa kwezinto eziphilayo
I-leek, ehlobene kakhulu no-anyanisi negalikhi, isibe yisitshalo esibalulekile emapulazini amaningi emvelo, lapho Akusenakwenzeka ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane ezithile zokwenziwaLokhu kuye kwaphoqa ukuthi kuthuthukiswe amasu ezinto eziphilayo, okuthakazelisayo ukuthi asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi angahunyushwa njengezingadi zasekhaya.
Kulokhu futhi kuhlanganisiwe I-Orius laevigatus Ukuze kulawulwe ama-thrip, i-nematode Steinernema feltiae (Capirel) isetshenziswa enhlabathini, ngendlela efanayo no-anyanisi. Kodwa esinye isilwane esidla ezinye sifakiwe. I-Nesidiocoris tenuis (kwezinye izinhlelo zezentengiselwano, i-Nesibug®), isebenza kahle kakhulu ngokumelene ne-Tryoza spp. psyllid, inkathazo engalimaza kakhulu futhi ibuthakathaka ama-leek.
Umqondo ongemuva kwalolu hlelo ukusetha uhlobo "lwenethi yokuphepha yezinto eziphilayo" lapho izitha zemvelo ezahlukene Zimboza izinambuzane ezahlukene ngezikhathi ezahlukene nasezindaweni ezahlukene zesitshaloUkuze isebenze, kubalulekile ukuvikela izindawo zokuphephela zezinto eziphilayo (izimbali, izingcezu zezitshalo) nokugwema ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okunamandla okungaqeda laba bangane.
Uma unengadi yemvelo noma ufuna ukunciphisa amakhemikhali isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, ungaphefumulelwa yile ndlela: ukwethula izitha zemvelo ngezikhathi ezibalulekile, uhlanganise ama-leek nezitshalo eziwavikelayo (njengezaqathi, esizoxoxa ngazo kamuva) kanye gcina inhlabathi iphila ngezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinambuzane ezizuzisayo.
Ukunakekela inhlabathi nezimpande ku-anyanisi, ama-leek kanye negalikhi: indima yemithi yokubulala amagciwane
Ukulawula izinambuzane zasemoyeni akusizi ngalutho uma inhlabathi isengozini. Ezinhlelweni zebhayoloji ezithuthuke kakhulu, impilo yenhlabathi iyinsika eyisisekelo, ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezisengozini yokubola kwezimpande kanye nesikhunta njengoba ugalikhi, u-anyanisi kanye ne-leek.
Enye yezinsizakusebenza ezibalulekile ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokubulala isikhunta esuselwa ku-fungicides ewusizo, njenge I-Trichoderma harzianum T-22Njengoba ikhangiswa ngaphansi kwezinye izinhlelo njenge-Trianum®, le fungus ihlala ezimpandeni kanye nendawo ezungezile, idala uhlobo lwesithiyo esiphilayo ngokumelene namagciwane enhlabathi (i-Fusaria, i-Pythium, njll.). Ngokuvamile ivuselela ukukhula kwezimpande futhi ithuthukise ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba.
Lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo luvame ukusetshenziswa ku-anyanisi, ama-leek kanye negalikhi. kusukela ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela noma ukutshalakuxutshwe namanzi okunisela noma kufakwe enhlabathini. Umgomo uwukuthi lapho kufika isigaxa noma isithombo, umphakathi wezinambuzane ezizuzisayo uzosungulwa kakade futhi ulungele ukuncintisana nesikhunta esibangela izifo.
Umphumela osebenzayo ucacile kakhulu: ukulahlekelwa okuncane ngenxa yezifo zezimpande, izitshalo ezinamandla kakhulu, kanye nokumelana okukhulu nokucindezeleka (umswakama owedlulele, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe, njll.). Ungaphinda lo mbono engadini yasekhaya ngokungeza Umquba ovuthiwe kanye nokufakwa kwezibungu Futhi, uma ufuna ukuthuthukisa usesho lwakho kabanzi, zama imikhiqizo ye-mycorrhizal kanye ne-Trichoderma.
Inqubo ethile yegalikhi: kusukela ekulungisweni komhlaba kuya ekuvikelweni emoyeni
Igalikhi idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile enhlabathini, ngoba noma iyiphi inkinga ezigabeni zokuqala ingaholela ama-bulb angasebenzi kahle, ukubola, kanye nesivuno esiphansiEzinhlelweni ezisekelwe ekulawulweni kwezinto eziphilayo, kulandelwa ukulandelana okucacile ongakwazi ukukujwayela engadini yakho.
Into yokuqala ukufaka isandla endaweni. izinto eziphilayo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ngaphambi kokutshalaLokhu kuthuthukisa isakhiwo senhlabathi, kulawula ukugcinwa kwamanzi, futhi kondla ama-microbiota awusizo. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwesibulali-fungicide njenge-Trianum® kuvame ukwenziwa ukuvimbela isikhunta senhlabathi.
Ngaphambi kokungcwaba izingcezu zikagalikhi, kunconywa ukuthi uphathe izinto zokutshala ngomkhiqizo owenzelwe ngqo ama-bulb noma imbewu, njenge I-CeresMix® kwezinye izinhlelo zobungcweti. Lolu hlobo lokwelashwa lusiza ekuvimbeleni izifo zesikhunta ezifana nePenicillium kanye neSclerotinia, luthuthukisa ukuhluma, futhi luqinisa ukuzivikela kwesitshalo ezigabeni zaso zokuqala.
Uma igalikhi isivele yavela futhi isitshalo sesibonakala, ukusetshenziswa kwesibili kwe-biofungicide enhlabathini Ukuqinisa ukuvikelwa ohlelweni lwezimpande. Uma izitshalo sezifinyelele cishe ku-10 cm ukuphakama, kufakwa ukuvikelwa emoyeni ngokumelene nesikhunta samaqabunga nesiqu, kusetshenziswa imikhiqizo efana neVidiparva kanye neVeni Biosulfur™ ezinhlelweni zezentengiselwano, kugxilwe kakhulu ezifweni ezifana neSeptoria tritici noma iPuccinia allii.
Lonke leli phakethe lezinyathelo liguqula ukutshalwa kwegalikhi kube yisibonelo sokuphathwa kokuvimbela, lapho kuthathwa khona isinyathelo ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izinkinga futhi hhayi kuphela lapho sesivele sibona izimpawu ezinkulu ezitshalweni.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezitshalo: indlela ugalikhi, u-anyanisi, kanye ne-leek okusizana ngayo ngeminye imifino
Ngaphandle kwezitha zemvelo nemikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo, elinye lamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu (futhi ashibhile) okuthuthukisa impilo yengadi... inhlangano yezitshaloUmqondo uwukubeka ndawonye izitshalo ezizwana kahle, ezisebenzisa izinsiza ezahlukene, futhi ezivikelana ezinambuzaneni.
Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi ezinye izitshalo zingaxosha izinambuzane eziyingozi, kanti ezinye zingase zingaxoshi. ukuheha izinambuzane ezithutha impova noma izilwane ezidla izinambuzaneFuthi ezinye ziyasiza ekuthuthukiseni isakhiwo senhlabathi noma isimo sezulu esincane. Ngegalikhi, u-anyanisi, kanye ne-leek, izinto ziba mnandi kakhulu ngoba lezi yizitshalo ezinephunga elimnandi kakhulu ezinomphumela onamandla wokuxosha.
Ezinye izinhlanganisela zithuthukisa ukunambitheka, ezinye zandisa isivuno, kanti ezinye zisebenza ngokuyinhloko ekuvimbeleni izinambuzane. Into ebalulekile... Ungaxubi ngenxa yokuxuba.kodwa kunalokho ukuba nomhlahlandlela oyisisekelo wokuthi yiziphi izinhlanganisela ezisebenzayo kanye yiziphi izitshalo okungafanele zibe ndawonyengoba bayancintisana noma badlulisela izifo ezifanayo.
Amathiphu ajwayelekile okusebenzisa isikhala kangcono ngokuxhumana
Uma isikhala sincane (njengoba kunjalo ezingadini eziningi zasemadolobheni), ukuhlela kahle izinhlangano zezitshalo kuvumela ukuvuna izitshalo ezimbili noma ezintathu endaweni efanayo ngesikhathi esifanayoUkuze kufezwe lokhu, kuyalulekwa ukuzama amazinga okukhula ahlukene, ukujula kwezimpande, kanye nobukhulu bezitshalo.
Icebo eliwusizo kakhulu ukuxuba izitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha (ilethisi, ama-radishes) nezinye ezithatha isikhathi eside ukugcwalisa isikhala, njenge-zucchini noma iklabishi. Isibonelo, ungatshala ilethisi phakathi kwezitshalo ze-zucchini ezincane: ilethisi izobe isilungele ukuvunwa lapho i-zucchini iqala ukusabalala futhi ithatha isikhala.
Esinye isisekelo esivamile ukuhlanganisa izimpande ezijulile ezinezimpande ezingajulileNgale ndlela, abancintisani kakhulu ngenani elifanayo lenhlabathi. Yilokho okwenzekayo uma uzungeze isitshalo sikatamatisi ngo-anyanisi noma igalikhi; izimpande zika-anyanisi noma igalikhi zihlala engxenyeni engenhla yenhlabathi futhi azikhathazi izimpande ezijulile zikatamatisi, kuyilapho zonke izitshalo zizuza ebhodweni elifanayo noma embhedeni ophakanyisiwe. Uma ufuna eminye imibono, ungabheka eminye inhlanganisela yezitshalo kusebenza ezingadini ezincane.
Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuxuba izakhiwo ezahlukeneIzitshalo ezinde ezinezinwabuzelayo. Isibonelo esijwayelekile yizinhlobo ezintathu zobhontshisi okhuphukayo one-squash nommbila, lapho ummbila usebenza njengokusekela, ubhontshisi unikeza i-nitrogen, kanti i-squash imboza umhlabathi, iwufihle futhi inciphise ukhula.
Izinhlanganisela ezibalulekile zokuvimbela izinambuzane ngegalikhi, u-anyanisi kanye ne-leek
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinganekwane kakhulu zama-lilies yikhono lawo lokwenza kanjalo yesabisa izinambuzane ezikhathazayoNgokudlala amakhadi akho kahle, ungazisindisa ezinkingeni eziningi ngama-aphid, izimpukane ezimhlophe, kanye nezinye izivakashi ezingafuneki.
I-combo ugalikhi + utamatisi Kuyinhlanganisela yakudala: igalikhi isiza ukuvikela utamatisi ezikhunta, amabhaktheriya, ama-aphid, kanye nezibungu, kuyilapho utamatisi uzuzisa endaweni engenazo izinambuzane eziningi. Le nhlanganisela ivame ukucashunwa kumashadi okutshala ahambisanayo njengenye yezindlela eziphephile nezisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Okunye ukuhlanganisa okuthakazelisa kakhulu yilokhu i-leek + isanqanteZivikelana: iphunga lika-leek lidida impukane yekaroti, kanti iphunga lika-karoti lidida i-leek borer. Kuyisibonelo esihle sendlela izitshalo ezimbili ezibonakala zihlukene ezingasebenza ngayo “njengabalindi” bomunye nomunye.
U-anyanisi unezinzuzo zawo: utshalwe eduze kwamaklabishi, amahlumela aseBrussels noma i-kale, Kuyasiza ekuxosheni ama-aphid, izibungu zeklabishi, ngisho nonogwaja.Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuyigcina kude nobhontshisi nobhontshisi, ngoba kulokhu ukuhlangana kwayo kubi futhi kungaphazamisa intuthuko yayo.
Yini ehambisana kahle negalikhi (nokuthi yini engayihambelani kahle)
Igalikhi iyinto ewusizo kakhulu engadini, kodwa inezimpawu zayo. Isibonelo, kufanele itshalwe eceleni kwezinye izitshalo ezithile. Ithuthukisa ukunambitheka kwayo, yandisa impilo yayo kanye neyendawo ezungezilekuyilapho nabanye abantu engazwani.
Kutshalwe eduze kwe i-chamomileIgalikhi ivame ukuba nokunambitheka okunamandla nokumnandi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuyihlanganisa nezaqathi, utamatisi, isitshalo seqanda, ama-beet, ama-endive, upelepele, ama-strawberry, ukhukhamba, ilethisi, noma ama-turnip, njengoba lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuvame ukuba kuhle noma, okungenani, kungathathi hlangothi.
Ngokuphathelene nokuvikelwa, rue Ukutshala igalikhi eduze kwezinye izitshalo kusiza ukuvimbela izimpethu zegalikhi, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinise impilo yesitshalo. Kodwa-ke, kuneminye imindeni yezitshalo igalikhi engahambisani nayo: ubhontshisi (ubhontshisi, uphizi, ubhontshisi obanzi), i-sage kanye ne-parsley Intuthuko yazo ingaphazamiseka uma zitshalwe eduze kakhulu negalikhi, futhi okuphambene nalokho.
Ezinye iziqondiso ziphinde zikhulume ngegalikhi njengesitshalo esiwusizo samazambane nama-strawberry, yize kunconywa ukuthi kuqashwe izinkinga zokuncintisana uma inhlabathi imbi. Ngokuvamile, uma ungenazo izakhamzimba eziningi, Ungagcwalisi kakhulu umbhede ophakanyisiwe ngezitshalo eziningi ezidinga kakhulu. nxazonke zegalikhi.
Yini ehamba kahle no-anyanisi
Ngaphandle komsebenzi wayo obalulekile wokupheka, u-anyanisi umnandi kakhulu isixoshi semvelo engadini yezitheloNoma kunjalo, unezinketho zakhe zenkampani.
Phakathi kwezinhlanganisela ezinconywa kakhulu yilezo zika-anyanisi isanqante, i-beetroot, ukhukhamba, i-strawberry, ilethisi, i-parsley, i-leek kanye notamatisiKulezi zimo, ukuncintisana ngezakhamzimba kuvame ukulawuleka, futhi izinzuzo ezicacile zitholakala ngendlela yokulawula izinambuzane kanye nokusetshenziswa kangcono kwendawo.
U-anyanisi uphinde abe yiqembu elihle ngemifino eluhlaza njengeklabishi, amahlumela aseBrussels, noma i-kale, okusiza ekuxosheni izimpethu zeklabishi nezinye izinambuzane. Kuvamile ukuzibona zitshalwe emaphethelweni emibhedeni yeklabishi ngenxa yalo msebenzi wokuvikela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, u-anyanisi Ayihambisani kahle nobhontshisi noma uphizi.Njengoba zingaphazamisana ekukhuleni komunye nomunye futhi zithinte zombili izingxenye. Uma ufuna ukuhlanganisa imidumba no-anyanisi, kungcono ukwenza kanjalo emibhedeni ehlukene noma, okungenani, ezindaweni ezichazwe ngokucacile.
Yini ehamba kahle ngama-leeks
Nakuba kukhulunywa kancane ngegalikhi noma u-anyanisi, ama-leek nawo anikeza okunye ukubambisana okuthakazelisa kakhulu, kokubili emazingeni okukhiqiza kanye nokuvikela.
Phakathi kwezinhlanganisela ezinhle eziphindaphindwa njalo kukhona i-leek ne- isanqante, iseleri, i-fennel, i-strawberry, ilethisi, u-anyanisi notamatisiEqinisweni, amatafula amaningi abeka i-leek endaweni efanelekile, ngoba ihambisana kahle nezitshalo eziningi zezimpande namaqabunga.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-leek ne-carrot kuwusizo kakhulu, njengoba sesishilo kakade, ngenxa yokuvikela okuphambanayo okunikezayo ezimpethu ze-leek kanye nezimpukane ze-carrot. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi zinamazinga okukhula ahlukene kancane kanye nezakhiwo zezimpande, ziyasebenza. Isebenzisa kahle inani lomhlaba elitholakalayo ngaphandle kokuncintisana ngokweqile..
Ngokuvamile, ama-leek ngokuvamile awabi nobudlelwano obubi kakhulu ngaphandle kwezinye izitshalo zomndeni ofanayo (ezinye izinhlobo ze-Allium) lapho esetshenziswa kakhulu endaweni efanayo iminyaka eminingi, okungaba ukukhuthaza ukuncipha kwenhlabathi kanye nokuqongelela kwamagciwane athile.
Ezinye izinhlangano eziwusizo kakhulu zokwandisa umkhiqizo kanye nempilo
Nakuba lapha kugxilwe kugalikhi, u-anyanisi, kanye ne-leek, kuyasiza ukuba nohlobo oluthile lwephepha lokukhohlisa engqondweni olunezinhlanganisela ezithile ezisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ezingasetshenziswa gcwalisa izikhala phakathi kwemindeni yama-lily ema-terrace.
I-broccoli ihambisana kahle kakhulu ne-broccoli. izaqathi, u-anyanisi, i-rosemary, i-nasturtiums kanye ne-thymeNakuba kungcono ukuyigcina kude nama-strawberry notamatisi, iklabishi liyazuza ngokuba khona kwamatamatisi neseleri, okusiza ekuxosheni izibungu, kanti i-catnip eseduze iyasiza ekuxosheni ama-aphid nama-moth.
Izaqathi zingcono uma zihambisana u-anyanisi, ama-leek, umhlonyane, amazambane okuqala, ilethisi, ama-chives, uphizi kanye ne-rosemaryIcebo eliyinqaba ukwengeza ikhofi emhlabathini ozungeze izaqathi ukuze kutholakale i-magnesium ne-phosphorus, nokusebenzisa umthunzi onikezwa amazambane ukuze uwavikele ekushiseni okukhulu.
Ummbila ukhanya ku-trio edumile yangaphambi kwe-Columbian ummbila, ukhukhamba, nobhontshisi okhuphukayolapho uhlobo ngalunye lufeza umsebenzi walo: ubhontshisi ulungisa i-nitrogen, i-squash imboza inhlabathi, kanti ummbila unikeza ukwesekwa. Ukhukhamba uyazuza ngokuba nama-radish eduze, avikela i-cucumber beetle, futhi ayachuma uma etshalwe eceleni kweklabishi, ummbila, namazambane okuqala (nakuba kungewona amazambane asekupheleni, ancintisana nawo kakhulu).
Izitshalo, izimbali kanye nemifino enuka kamnandi: umphelelisi ophelele wezimbali zakho
Uma ufuna ukukhulisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezitshalo uye ezingeni elilandelayo, izitshalo ezinephunga elimnandi, izimbali kanye nemifino Bangabangane bakho abakhulu. Abagcini nje ngokuhlobisa ingadi, kodwa futhi benza imisebenzi ewusizo kakhulu.
I-Cilantro ingabekwa eduze kwanoma yimuphi umifino ukuze xosha ama-aphidI-Borage iyisitshalo esihle kakhulu esihambisana nama-cucurbit (amakhukhamba, ama-courgette, amathanga, amakhabe, njll.), njengoba iheha izinyosi, ikhulisa ukukhula, futhi ithuthukisa ukunambitheka kwalezi zithelo.
Imifino (ubhontshisi, uphizi, ubhontshisi obanzi, udali…) inekhono lungisa i-nitrogen yasemkhathini bese uyishiya emhlabathini, okwenza ibe yindawo ephelele yokuhlanganisa nezitshalo ezidinga i-nitrogen njengeklabishi, i-eggplant, noma ummbila. Khumbula nje ukuthi azisebenzi kahle uma ugalikhi no-anyanisi kutshalwe eduze kakhulu.
Vimbela ukuncipha kwenhlabathi: ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo okuhlakaniphile kanye nezingxube
Ngaphezu kokubambisana ngasikhathi sinye, kubalulekile ukucabangela Yini oyitshalile ngonyaka odlule futhi uzoyitshalani ngonyaka ozayo?Ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo kusiza ukugcina inhlabathi iphilile, ilinganisela izakhamzimba futhi inezifo ezimbalwa ezithile.
Umthetho olula ukugwema ukutshala umndeni ofanayo wezitshalo embhedeni ofanayo iminyaka eminingana ilandelana nokugwema ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zohlobo olufanayo ndawonye. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukungaminyanisi imibhede. wonke umndeni we-lily (ugalikhi, u-anyanisi, i-leek) endaweni efanayo isizini nesizini ngaphandle kokuphumula, ngoba inhlabathi ingagcwala izinambuzane nezifo ezithile ezithinta lezi zitshalo.
Ukuxuba izitshalo kusuka amaqabunga (adla i-nitrogen eningi), izimpande (ezidinga i-potassium ephezulu), kanye nezithelo (ezidinga i-phosphorus ephezulu)Ngale ndlela, awunciphisi uhlobo olufanayo lwezakhamzimba, futhi inhlabathi ihlala ilinganisiwe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umanyolo omningi kangaka.
Ukuhlanganiswa kokuhlanganiswa okucatshangelwe kahle, ukushintshaniswa, kanye nokwengezwa okuvamile kwezinto eziphilayo kuyisisekelo sengadi yakho, kanye negalikhi, u-anyanisi, kanye ne-leek njengezithako eziyinhloko. ukuhlala uvundile, ukhiqiza, futhi ungenazo izinkinga eziningi ezivela ezinambuzaneni nasezifweni unyaka nonyaka.
Uma uqala ukuzama ngakho konke esikuxoxile—izitha zemvelo, imithi yokubulala ukhula enhlabathini, ukutshala okuzuzisayo (ugalikhi notamatisi, ama-leeks nezaqathi, u-anyanisi neklabishi), amakhambi avikelayo, kanye nokushintshaniswa kwezitshalo okunengqondo—uyaqaphela ukuthi ugalikhi, u-anyanisi, nama-leeks akuzona nje izithako ezintathu zokupheka eziyisisekelo, kodwa umgogodla wesistimu yokukhula enempilo kakhulu, elinganiselayo, futhi ekhiqiza kakhulu, ekwazi ukuthela izithelo. isivuno esiningi esinamakhemikhali ambalwa kanye nengadi egcwele impilo.
