Lapho kufika uJanuwari futhi kuqala ukubanda, abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ingadi yemifino iyama kancane. Akukho okungaba kude neqiniso: ubusika kuseyisikhathi esihle sokutshala imifino futhi uhlele isivuno sonyaka wonke. Yiqiniso, kuyadingeka ukukhetha izitshalo ezifanele, uzivikele eqhweni, futhi uqonde ukuthi inhlabathi iziphatha kanjani kulezi zinyanga ezibandayo.
Uma unengadi yasemadolobheni, ingadi encane, noma ezimbalwa khulisa amatafulaUJanuwari inyanga ebalulekile. Sekuyisikhathi sokulungisa inhlabathi, ukuhlela ikhalenda lokutshala, nokukhetha imifino engabanda. okuzokunikeza isivuno esikhulu ebusika nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ake sibone, ngokusekelwe ezincomweni zochwepheshe, ukuthi yini ongayitshala, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani, nokuthi yimiphi imisebenzi okungafanele uyeqe.
Kungani uJanuwari kuyinyanga ebalulekile engadini yemifino
Phakathi nobusika, kuzwakala sengathi konke kuhamba kancane, kodwa Inyanga yokuqala yonyaka iphawula ukuqala kwemijikelezo eminingi ekhulayoNakuba iSpain ivame ukuba nosuku lwayo olubandayo kakhulu onyakeni phakathi nalesi sikhathi, lezi zimo ezifanayo zisiza imifino ethile ukuba ikhule kangcono, igxile ekunambithekeni, futhi ikhule ngezinambuzane ezimbalwa.
Amakhalenda engadini kaJanuwari wonke agcizelela into efanayo: Manje sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukucabanga ngengadi yasentwasahloboNgesikhathi uhlwanyela izitshalo zasebusika ezivamile (isipinashi, i-chard, iklabishi, ubhontshisi obanzi, uphizi…), ungaqala ezinye izitshalo ngamathileyi embewu azokwazisa kamuva ukufudumala, njengotamatisi, upelepele noma i-zucchini, ezihlala zivikelekile.
Futhi, UJanuwari ulungele ukubukeza ukwakheka kwemibhede ephakanyisiwe, ukuthuthukisa inhlabathi, kanye nokucabanga kabusha ngomklamo wengadi yemifino.Njengoba umsebenzi wokukhula uncane, uzoba nesikhathi sokumba, ukufaka umanyolo, ukulungisa amaphutha eminyaka edlule, nokulungiselela yonke into entwasahlobo.
Futhi uma lokho bekunganele, Ubusika bunciphisa ingcindezi yezinambuzane kanye nesidingo sokunisela, okwenza lezi zitshalo zibe yindlela eqhubekayo futhi elawulekayo, Kuhle uma usaqala nje noma awukwazi ukuzinikela isikhathi esiningi engadini nsuku zonke.
Imifino engu-7 (kanye nezinye izinto ezengeziwe eziwusizo kakhulu) ongazitshala ngoJanuwari
Phakathi kwazo zonke imifino yasebusika, kukhona iqembu elilodwa elivelele ngoba Zimelana kahle nokubanda, zijwayela kokubili izingadi zendabuko nezasemadolobheni, futhi zikhiqiza isivuno esikhulu.Sizogxila ezitshalweni eziyisikhombisa eziyinhloko kanye nezinye ezengeziwe ezifanelana kahle nale nyanga.
1. Amalethisi asebusika
I-lettuce ingenye yezitshalo ezizuzisa kakhulu engadini yasebusika. Zingakhuliswa ngaphandle, ibhodwe noma etafuleni elikhulayo, uma nje umkhuhlane ungewona omkhulu kakhulu.Futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi ezivumelaniswe namazinga okushisa aphansi: iqabunga le-oki, i-iceberg, i-marigold, i-winter roman, i-buttercup, njll.
Ochwepheshe batusa ukuhlwanyela emibhedeni yembewu ngaphandle (ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile) noma endaweni evikelwe, futhi Tshala izithombo emhlabathini noma esitsheni sazo sokugcina uma sezinamaqabunga ambalwa eqiniso.Ungathenga futhi izithombo ezilungele ukutshalwa kabusha, okuyinto ewusizo kakhulu uma usaqala.
Kubalulekile ukuthi i-substrate ikhululeke futhi ikhiphe amanzi kahle. Gcina umhlabathi umanzi kodwa ungalokothi ugcwale amanzi.ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ingozi yokubanda, ngoba amanzi amaningi angaqanda futhi alimaze izimpande.
2. Isipinashi kanye ne-chard
Isipinashi kanye ne-chard kuyizinhlobo ezimbili zasebusika zakudala. Zimelana kahle nokubanda, ngisho namakhaza amancane, futhi ziyaqhubeka nokukhiqiza amaqabunga isikhathi eside sonyaka.Eqinisweni, ziphakathi kwemifino ebekezelela kangcono izimo ezinzima zengadi yasebusika.
Zihlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini noma emibhedeni ephakanyisiwe, okushiya isikhala esanele phakathi kwezitshalo. Isipinashi sikhetha inhlabathi epholile, enomswakama kancane., kuyilapho i-chard ibekezelela isomiso kangcono futhi ibekezelela izinhlobo eziningi zenhlabathi.
Ngokuphathelene nokuphatha, unezinketho ezimbili zokuvuna: Sika amaqabunga angaphandle ukuze wandise isikhathi sokuvuna, noma uqalise yonke imboni uma usunomkhiqizo owanele futhi ufuna ukuvuselela indawo.
3. Izaqathi
I-carrot ingenye yezindlovukazi zengadi yemifino, futhi inenzuzo enkulu: Ingahlwanyelwa cishe unyaka wonke, kuhlanganise noJanuwari, uma nje inhlabathi ingaqandisiwe.Ezimweni ezibandayo, kungalethwa phambili abamba ukushisa noma ngaphansi komhubhe wepulasitiki.
Ihlala ihlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini noma ezitsheni ezijulile, hhayi embhedeni wembewu wokutshala, ngoba Ayibekezeleli kahle uma impande yayo eyinhloko iphazamiseka.Inhlabathi kufanele ikhululwe kahle, ingabi namatshe noma amagagasi, ukuze izimpande zikhule ziqonde.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuhluma, gcina i-substrate imanzi kancaneUngaweqisi amanzi: amanzi amaningi ebusika akhuthaza izifo futhi angabangela ukwakheka kweqhwa emhlabathini. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, uzoqala ukubona izaqathi zokuqala ezithambile zivela.
4. Ama-radishes nezinye izimpande ezikhula ngokushesha
Ama-radishes ayisitshalo esikhula ngokushesha ebusika. Ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-25-40, kuye ngokuthi zinjani kanye nokushisa, ungazidla.Zilungele abaqalayo ngoba zinikeza imiphumela esheshayo futhi zikuvumela ukuthi ugcwalise izikhala phakathi kwezinye izitshalo.
Zihlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini noma ezitsheni ezingajulile, zimboze imbewu ngamasentimitha ambalwa e-substrate. Zidinga kuphela inhlabathi ekhululekile, ukuchelela okulingene, kanye nokuvikelwa okuthile eqhweni elinzima.Uma kubanda kakhulu futhi isitshalo sisesincane kakhulu, amaqabunga angase ahlupheke.
Kanye nama-radishes, uJanuwari futhi yisikhathi esihle seminye imifino yezimpande efana Ama-turnip, ama-beet, noma ama-parsnip, azuza emakhazeningoba zigxila ushukela futhi zakha ukunambitheka okunamandla kakhulu.
5. Ama-leek
I-leek, njengoba abanye abalimi bezitshalo besho, "iqhawe lomkhuhlane." Imelana kahle namazinga okushisa aphansi futhi ingagcinwa engadini cishe bonke ubusika.Eqinisweni, ezindaweni eziningi lokho okwahlwanyelwa engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka odlule kuvunwa ngoJanuwari.
Kule nyanga ungahlwanyela ama-leek embhedeni wembewu ovikelwe noma embhedeni ofudumele ukuze utshalwe kabusha kamuva. Ithanda inhlabathi ejulile, ekhipha amanzi kahle ecebile ngezinto eziphilayo.Uma kutshalwa kabusha, isiqu sivame ukungcwatshwa sijule kancane kunokujwayelekile ukuze kutholakale ingxenye emhlophe ethambile.
Kungcono ukuthi indawo ivikeleke kancane eqhweni elinamandla kakhulu. Ukufaka utshani noma imfucumfucu yezitshalo kusiza ukugcina inhlabathi ikhululekile. futhi ivikela izimpande ekubandeni okukhulu.
6. Ubhontshisi obanzi
Ubhontshisi obanzi uyachuma ebusika, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele noma ezibandayo ngaphandle kweqhwa elibi elihlala isikhathi eside. Ziyisitshalo esiqinile kakhulu esingahlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini ngoJanuwariukuzivumelanisa kahle nomkhuhlane.
Kubalulekile ukugwema inhlabathi egcwele amanzi, ngoba Umswakama omningi ezimpandeni ungabangela izifoShiya isikhala phakathi kwezitshalo, futhi uma umhlabathi unomoya kakhulu, kungcono ukubeka ukusekela noma isigxobo esincane ukuze zingawi.
Ngaphandle kokusinika isivuno esimnandi, Ubhontshisi obanzi uthuthukisa inhlabathi ngokulungisa i-nitrogen ngenxa yamagciwane awo okusizana.Ngakho-ke, ziwusizo kakhulu ekushintsheni kwengadi yemvelo.
7. Uphizi
Uphizi ungenye indlela ephephile yokupheka ebusika. Zithanda ukubanda okuphakathi futhi zibekezelela kahle amaqhwa amancaneUkukhula kwazo kuyehla uma amazinga okushisa ehla kakhulu, kodwa ziqala kabusha ngokushesha nje lapho isimo sezulu sishisa.
Zihlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini, zishiya cishe u-15-20 cm phakathi kwezitshalo kanye nesendlalelo esihle se-substrate enomoya. Izimpande zayo akufanele zigcwale amanzi, ngakho-ke ukugeleza kwamanzi kubalulekile.Bazojabulela nokusekelwa okuncane (amanetha, izindondolo, amagatsha) ukuze bakhuphuke futhi bathole umoya ongcono.
Ezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu, ochwepheshe abaningi batusa Cwilisa imbewu amahora angama-24-48 ngaphambi kokuyihlwanyela. ukukhuthaza ukuhluma nokunciphisa izikhathi zokukhula kancane ngesikhathi sokuqala okubandayo kakhulu.
Ezinye izitshalo ezithakazelisayo ngoJanuwari
Ngaphezu kwalezi zithako eziyisikhombisa eziyinhloko, kunezinhlobo eziningi zemifino namakhambi afaneleka kahle ngoJanuwari. Phakathi kwemifino eluhlaza, i-arugula, i-endive, i-kale, imifino eluhlaza ye-collard, iklabishi, kanye neklabishi laseShayina kuyagqama., ezikhula kahle ezindaweni ezipholile.
Esigabeni esimayelana nama-bulbs nezimpande, Igalikhi no-anyanisi kuyisivuno esivelele kule nyangaAmazambane okuqala angatshalwa nasezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, njalo anomanyolo omuhle wesisekelo kanye nenani elikhulu le-substrate.
Phakathi kwalezo ezinephunga elimnandi, I-parsley, i-cilantro, i-rosemary, noma i-sage zivumelana kahle nobusikaikakhulukazi ezimweni zezulu ezingenaqhwa elibi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, eziningi zazo zikhula kahle endaweni evikelekile noma njengezitshalo ezifakwe ebhodweni eduze kwendlu.
Ukuhlwanyela emibhedeni yembewu kanye nokuhlwanyela ngqo ngoJanuwari
Akuzona zonke izinto ezihlwanyelwa ngendlela efanayo ngoJanuwari. Ezinye izitshalo kungcono ziqalwe embhedeni wembewu ovikelwe, kanti ezinye zingena ngqo emhlabathini., ngokuya ngokuzwela kwazo emakhazeni kanye nendlela ezikhula ngayo.
Umbhede wembewu endaweni yokukhulisa izingane efudumele noma evikelwe kahle
Lokhu kufaka phakathi imifino edinga ukushisa okwengeziwe ukuze ikhule futhi ikhule kahle. NgoJanuwari, ama-leek, u-anyanisi, notamatisi kungaqalwa embhedeni wembewu ovikelwe.nasezindaweni ezithambile futhi upelepele ophekiwe ebhodweniisitshalo seqanda, ukhukhamba noma i-zucchini.
Umgomo ukusheshisa ukukhula kwazo ukuze izithombo zilungele uma amazinga okushisa enyuka. Ithreyi yembewu kufanele ibekwe endaweni ekhanyayo, ivikelwe ekubandeni okukhulu futhi ngaphandle kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe.Indlu encane yokugcina izinto, isakhiwo sengilazi, noma ithileyi elimboziwe konke kungasebenza.
Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isisekelo esithile semibhede yembewu, elula futhi evuvukele kahle, kanye gcina umswakama oqhubekayo kodwa ngaphandle kokungena kwamanziAmanzi amaningi embhedeni wembewu obandayo ayindlela ephelele yokwelapha isikhunta.
Umbhede wokuhlwanyela imbewu ongaphandle (ezimweni ezifudumele)
Izitshalo ezithile zibekezelela ukubanda kahle esigabeni sokukhula kwezithombo, ngakho-ke Zingahlwanyelwa emibhedeni yembewu ngaphandle uma nje kungekho qhwa elinzimaPhakathi kwazo: i-celery, i-lettuce yemvu, i-lettuce, i-arugula, i-endive, iklabishi, i-kale, imifino ye-collard, i-chard noma i-beetroot ebomvu.
Kulesi simo, vele ubeke ithileyi yembewu ekhoneni elivikelwe emoyeni, nelanga lasebusika. Uma kubikezelwa igagasi elibandayo elinamandla, kungcono ukulimboza ngepulasitiki noma nge-thermal mesh. ubusuku bonke ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo.
Ukuhlwanyela ngqo enhlabathini
Kunemifino, ngenxa yohlobo lwayo lwezimpande noma ukuqina kwayo okungokwemvelo, Kungcono ukuhlwanyela ngqo endaweni yokugcina.NgoJanuwari singakwenza ngegalikhi, ama-radish, ilethisi yemvu, isipinashi, izaqathi zokuqala namazambane ezindaweni ezithambile, kanye nobhontshisi obanzi ezindaweni ezibandayo.
Leli qembu lihlanganisa nezitshalo ezifana nama-artichoke, amantongomane, i-asparagus (evela ezipikini), imifino ye-turnip, uphizi, amalentili, ama-turnip etafuleni noma i-parsley, okuvumela ukutshala njalo ukuthi kuhambisane nesimo sezulu sendawo. Isihluthulelo ukuthi umhlabathi awuqandisiwe futhi awumanzi ngokuphelele.ukuze imbewu ikwazi ukuphefumula futhi izimpande zikwazi ukuzinza kahle.
Indlela yokuvikela imifino emakhazeni, emoyeni naseqhweni
Inselelo enkulu ngoJanuwari ukubhekana nesimo sezulu. Isithwathwa, umoya, kanye nokuntuleka kokukhanya kunganciphisa ukukhula noma kulimaze izitshalo ezithambile kakhulu.Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela eziningana ezilula zokuvikela ingadi ngaphandle kwesidingo sengqalasizinda enkulu.
Imigudu yepulasitiki, izindlu zokugcina izithombo kanye namanethi okushisa
Umhubhe wepulasitiki ophansi noma indlu encane yokugcina izitshalo eyenziwe ekhaya ingenza umehluko omkhulu. Zisebenza njengendawo yokukhosela izitshalo, zithambisa amazinga okushisa asebusuku futhi zinciphise umthelela womoyaZiwusizo kakhulu ku-lettuce, isipinashi, izithombo ezincane kanye nemifino engamelani kakhulu.
Amanethi okushisa (noma izingubo zokuzivikela) angenye insiza eyisisekelo. Zibekwa phezu kwezitshalo lapho kulindeleke ukuthi kube nesithwathwa esinzima.ukudala igumbi lomoya elivikela amaqabunga. Ayasuswa emini noma ashiywe evuliwe uma izinga lokushisa lihlala liphansi futhi ukukhanya kudlula kahle endwangu.
Ukumboza ngezimbobo
Ukuhlanganisa inhlabathi ngotshani, amaqabunga omile, imfucuza yokuthena eqoshiwe, umquba, noma izinto ezifanayo. Kuyasiza ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi, kuvimbela ukwakheka kwezingqimba eziqinile ngenxa yokubanda, futhi kugcina kangcono umswakama..
NgoJanuwari iwusizo kakhulu ezimpandeni ezifana nezaqathi, ama-radish noma ama-turnip. I-mulch enhle yenza kube lula ukukhula kwezimpande futhi ivikele ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba ezinguqukweni ezizumayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunciphisa ukubonakala kokhula.
Ukunisela ebusika: okuncane, kodwa okungcono
Phakathi nobusika, izitshalo zisebenzisa amanzi amancane, kanti isimo sezulu ngokwaso (imvula, inkungu, amazolo) sinikeza umswakama othile. Ukunisela njengasehlobo kuyiphutha: kukhuthaza isikhunta, ukubola, futhi amanzi angaqanda..
Kunconywa khipha amanzi bese uwalungisa ukuze avumelane nohlobo lomhlabathiIzitshalo ezithambile nezinesihlabathi zoma ngokushesha kunenhlabathi yobumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungcono ukunisela kancane ekuseni ukuze umswakama owedlulele uphele ngaphambi kokuba kuhlwe futhi kuvinjelwe ukulimala kwesithwathwa emaqabungeni.
Indawo kanye nezindawo zokukhosela zemvelo
Elinye icebo elibalulekile ukusebenzisa ingadi yakho njengesivikelo. Ukutshala eduze kwezindonga noma uthango olubheke eningizimu kusiza ukugcina ukushisa okuqongelelekile. emini, ekhishwa kancane kancane ebusuku.
Ezingadini zasemadolobheni ezisematheni noma emabhalkhoni, ungabeka amabhodwe emakhoneni lapho Zigcine kude nomoya oqondile futhi uqinisekise ukuthi zithola ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi ebusika ngangokunokwenzeka.Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhambisa isitsha amamitha ambalwa kwenza umehluko omkhulu ekuqineni kwezitshalo.
Imisebenzi yokulungisa ingadi ngoJanuwari
Ngaphandle kokuhlwanyela nokutshala, uJanuwari uyinyanga enhle yokwenza umsebenzi wokwakha inhlabathi. Kuyisikhathi sokugcina sonyaka wezolimo, futhi kufanelekile ukusisebenzisa ngokugcwele..
Lungisa futhi uvundise inhlabathi
Njengoba izitshalo eziningi zikhula kancane, yisikhathi esifanele sokumba, ukufaka umoya, nokucebisa inhlabathi. Uma ufuna imifino eningi njengotamatisi, ama-eggplant, upelepele noma i-zucchini, kunconywa ukuthi wengeze ama-6 kuya ku-10 kg omquba noma umquba obolile kahle nge-m² ngayinye..
Ezitshalweni ezinamahlamvu noma zezimpande (ulethisi, isipinashi, izaqathi, ama-beet, njll.) 3 kuya ku-4 kg womquba nge-m² yanele, kanti ezitshalweni ezinjengobhontshisi noma uphizi 1-2 kg yomanyolo wemvelo nge-m² inganele, njengoba zicebisa inhlabathi ngokulungisa i-nitrogen.
Lokhu kufakwa komanyolo okuyisisekelo nakho kondla i-microbiota yenhlabathi. Lapho kufika intwasahlobo futhi izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, ama-microorganisms azobola izinto eziphilayo futhi akhiphe izakhamzimba. lapho nje izitshalo ziqala ukukhula ziqine.
Ukuhlela izitshalo nokuzungezisa
Njengoba ingadi ithule, kungumqondo omuhle ukuthatha incwadi yokubhalela (noma uhlelo lokusebenza, uma ungumuntu wedijithali) bese dweba ukuthi ufuna ukuhlela kanjani imibhede ephakanyisiwe unyaka wonkeLokhu kuzokuvimbela ukuthi ungaphindi isivuno esifanayo endaweni efanayo isizini nesizini.
Ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo okuhle kunciphisa izinambuzane nezifo futhi kusebenzisa kangcono izakhamzimba zenhlabathi. Kuvamile ukushintshana phakathi kwemindeni: izihlahla ezihlala emahlathini, izihlahla eziqothulayo, imifino, izimpande, amaqabunga… Ngakho-ke, uma utshala ubhontshisi obanzi noma uphizi embhedeni ophakanyisiwe kulo nyaka, unyaka olandelayo ulungele utamatisi noma ama-courgette, azozuza ku-nitrogen abayishiyile.
Ukulawulwa kokhula nokuhlolwa kwezinambuzane
Nakuba umkhuhlane unciphisa ijubane lotshani obuningi basendle, Kuhlala kukhona abanye abasebenzisa ithuba lesikhalaUkuzidonsa manje, uma zincane futhi umhlabathi umanzi, kulula kakhulu kunasentwasahlobo.
Ngokuphathelene nezinambuzane, zimbalwa izinambuzane ezisebenzayo ebusika, kodwa azinyamalali ngokuphelele. Kungumqondo omuhle ukuhlola amaqabunga neziqu ngezikhathi ezithile. ukuthola ama-aphid, iminenke noma ama-slugs angaba khona ezindaweni ezimanzi, bese usebenzisa izindlela zemvelo uma kudingeka.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo zasendlini
Uma unezitshalo zasendlini, uJanuwari kungaba inyanga enzima. Ukuhlanganiswa kokushisa okuphezulu nomoya owomile kungazilimaza kakhuluKunconywa ukuthi uzigcine kude nama-radiator, ama-hot dream, namafasitela aneqhwa.
Zama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zithola ukukhanya kwemvelo okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka bese ulungisa ukuchelela ngokufanele: Ebusika bavame ukudinga amanzi amancaneUmswakama owedlulele onokushisa okuncane nokukhanya kuvame ukuholela emaqabungeni aphuzi kanye nokubola kwezimpande.
Ngemva kwakho konke esikubonile, kusobala ukuthi uJanuwari awukabi yinyanga efile engadini. Yisikhathi sokuthula okusebenzayo lapho ungahlwanyela khona imifino engabanda, ulungiselele imibhede yembewu yentwasahlobo, uthuthukise inhlabathi, futhi uhlele ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo zakho.Ukusebenzisa leli thuba kusho ukuqala unyaka wonke ngenzuzo: inhlabathi enomsoco, izitshalo ezihlelwe kahle, kanye nenqwaba yemifino yasebusika (ilethisi, isipinashi, i-chard, izaqathi, ama-radishes, ama-leek, ubhontshisi obanzi, uphizi, ugalikhi, u-anyanisi…) ezoqhubeka nokugcwalisa itafula lakho uma kusabanda ngaphandle.
