Ukuba notshani obuluhlaza noma idlelo elinempilo, eliluhlaza kuyiphupho lanoma ubani onengadi, umhlaba, noma indawo yokufuya. Nokho, ukwazi ukuhlwanyela utshani ngendlela efanele kungenza umehluko phakathi kokuhlwanyela ngempumelelo nokugcwala ukukhungatheka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlela ukuguqula ingadi yakho ibe yindawo evundile noma udinga ukusungula idlelo elikhiqizayo lemfuyo yakho, ukwazi kahle le nqubo kubalulekile ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.
Nawu umhlahlandlela ophelele nocacile ohlanganisa yonke into kusukela ekulungiseleleni okuyisisekelo kuya emininingwaneni yokutshala nokunakekela okungokoqobo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okokusetshenziswa ekhaya noma emapulazini emfuyo. Zitholele konke odinga ukukwazi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi imbewu yakho iqhuma ngamandla futhi notshani bakho bukhula buqine, buqhubeke, futhi buvumelane nezidingo zakho.
Ukulungiswa komhlabathi: Isisekelo sakho konke ukuhlwanyela okuhle
Esinye sezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho utshala utshani ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi ngokucophelelaNgaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala imbewu, zinike isikhathi sokususa izithiyo ezingase zithiye ukukhula kwezimpande.
- Ukulawula ukhula: Susa lonke ukhula oluncintisana nendawo kanye nezakhamzimba.
- Nquma umhlabathi: Sebenza umhlabathi okungenani ube ngu-20 cm ukushona. Lokhu kuyisihluthulelo sezivande kanye notshani, njengoba kusiza ukukhula kwezimpande ezijulile futhi kuthuthukisa ukumuncwa kwamanzi.
- Ukulinganisa nokuhlanza: Gcwalisa izikhala ngenhlabathi, susa amatshe amakhulu nezinti ezingase zithiye ukutshala nokugunda utshani.
- Ukufakwa kwezinto eziphilayo: Faka ungqimba oluningi (10-20 cm) lomquba ovuthiwe noma inhlabathi emnyama enothile ngezinto eziphilayo. Lokhu kuthuthukisa i-substrate futhi kusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuqala kotshani.
Uma ukutshala kungokwemfuyo, ukulungiswa kungadinga imishini yezolimo ukuze isebenze izindawo ezinkulu, isebenzisa amashizolo, amahhalo kanye namapholisha ukuthukulula nokucwenga umhlabathi.
Ukukhetha imbewu: Kuvumelana nesimo sezulu kanye nezidingo zakho
Ukukhethwa kwembewu kubalulekile, njengoba kufanele ihambisane nemvelo kanye nenjongo ehlosiwe. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zotshani ezinikeza imiphumela efanayo.
Okwezingadi: Khetha izinhlobo ezifanelana nesimo sezulu sendawo, uhlobo lwenhlabathi, kanye nobuningi bemvula. Ezindaweni ezifudumele zaseColombia, ngokwesibonelo, Utshani be-Macana noma utshani be-Pensacola Bay Igqama ngokumelana kwayo, ukuthamba nokuba luhlaza okungapheli, ngaphezu kokubekezelela isomiso ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Ngezinkomo: Kuyafaneleka ukusebenzisa imbewu yotshani obushisayo elungiselelwe ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwefolishi kanye nokuphikelela emadlelweni. Cabanga ukusebenzisa imbewu eshumekiwe, ehlanganiswe nemisoco nama-insecticides, okuyinto ngcono ukuhluma nokuphatha ezindaweni ezinkulu. Ungakwazi futhi ukubonisana mayelana ithonya lenyanga ezitshalweni ukuthuthukisa ukuhlwanyela.
Funa iseluleko sochwepheshe uma unemibuzo, njengoba ukukhetha okulungile kungonga isikhathi nezinkinga esikhathini esizayo.
Izindlela Zokutshala: Izinketho Zazo Zonke Izimo
El Kanjani? Ukuthi utshala utshani kuzoncika kubukhulu bomhlaba wakho, izinsiza ezikhona, kanye nesikhathi sakho nomzamo wakho ozokubeka kuqala.
Ukuhlwanyela ngezandla ezindaweni ezincane
Ilungele izingadi neziza ezincane zomhlaba. Kubandakanya ukubeka imbewu ngesandla emhlabathini olungisiwe. Kunezinye izindlela ezimbalwa:
- Ukuhlwanyela ngokuqondile ngenduku noma 'chuzo': Sebenzisa induku ecijile engaba amamitha amabili ubude ukwenza izimbobo ezincane emhlabathini, faka imbewu engu-3-4 emgodini ngamunye, bese uvala ngonyawo lwakho. Kuyatuswa ukuhlukanisa izindawo zokutshala ngo-40 x 40 cm ukuhlukana ukuze kufinyelele ukuhlanganisa.
- Gcwalisa imbewu kancane: Zama njalo ukumboza imbewu ishone ngo-0,5-1 cm uma isetshenziselwa utshani bokuhlobisa. Ukumboza kukhuthaza ukugcinwa komswakama futhi kuvikela imbewu elangeni nasezinyameni ezidla ezinye.
Ukuhlwanyela kokusakaza
Ivumelana kahle nezindawo ezinkulu nalapho imishini ingekho. Sakaza imbewu ngokulinganayo phezu komhlabathi bese umboza ngongqimba olulula lwenhlabathi noma ngamagatsha aboshelwe kugandaganda uma kwenzeka kumadlelo emfuyo.
Izinyathelo zokuphepha: Ungahlwanyeli ngesikhathi lina kakhulu noma emhlabathini owome kakhulu noma onomlotha. Amanzi angakwazi ukugeza imbewu; ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo can 'gazinga' umbungu futhi unciphise ukuhluma.
Ukuhlwanyela ngomshini ezindaweni ezinkulu
Emapulazini emfuyo, izimbewu eziyimishini zisakaza imbewu bese ziyimboza ngendlela eyodwa. iqhakambisa umsebenzi futhi uqinisekisa ukutholakala.
- I-chise pass: Ithukulula inhlabathi, yenze kube lula ukungena kwezimpande.
- Ukudlula kwe-Harrow ne-polisher: Bacwenga futhi bushelelezi indawo ukuze kutshalwe ngisho.
- Sakaza: Sebenzisa umsakazi ukusabalalisa imbewu ngemva kokulungisa umhlabathi.
- Imbozwe ngamagatsha: Amagatsha entambo aboshelwe kugandaganda ukuze amboze imbewu kancane (1-2 cm). Lokhu kugcina umswakama futhi kwandisa ukuhluma.
Ezimweni ezimbi (ukuhlwanyela ngaphandle kokumboza noma ezinhlelweni zokusika nokushiswa), ukuhluma kuzoba ukwethembeka kancane futhi ukulahleka kwembewu kukhulu.
Ukunakekelwa okubalulekile ngemva kokutshala
Umsebenzi awupheli lapho kuhlwanyela. amaviki okuqala Zibalulekile ukuze imbewu ikhule kahle futhi utshani buzinze ngamandla.
- Ukukhulelwa kokuqala: Sebenzisa umanyolo ocebile nge-phosphorus (njenge-DAP noma i-RAFOS YARA) ukuze ukhuthaze ukukhula kwezimpande, ikakhulukazi otshanini basekhaya. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, bheka indlela yokutshala isiKikuyu.
- Ukuchelela kokuhluma: Gcina umswakama njalo ngemva kokutshala ngokunisela okumnene, okuvamile. Lokhu kubalulekile evikini lokuqala, futhi ukuchelela futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-7 uma isimo sezulu somile.
- Ukuvikelwa ezinambuzaneni nezintuthwane: Uma indawo ijwayele ukuba nezinambuzane, ungaphatha imbewu ngemikhiqizo ethile efana nezimpushana ezinconyiwe ezibulala izinambuzane ngezilinganiso eziphephile (isibonelo, izipuni ezi-2 zempushana ebulala izinambuzane nge-5 kg yembewu; njalo uthintane nochwepheshe).
- Ukugada nokulawula: Gada inhlabathi yakho nsuku zonke ukuze uthole ukuminyana, ukunisela ngokweqile, ukuhlaselwe yizinambuzane, nokuhlasela kokhula.
Izinzuzo nezici zezinhlobo ezahlukene zotshani
Izinhlobonhlobo zotshani zine izakhiwo ezithile. Abanye, bathanda I-Pensacola Bay GrassZiyakwazi ukumelana nokunyathelwa kanye nesomiso, futhi ziyahambisana nesimo sezulu esifudumele, okuzenza zilungele kokubili izingadi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kanye namadlelo emfuyo. Ezinye izinhlobo zingakhula endaweni enomswakama noma ezindaweni ezibandayo.
Ukuze a ingadi ehlala iluhlazaNgemfuyo, khetha izinhlobo ezikhula ngokuqhubekayo ezifanelana nendawo. Emfuyweni, beka phambili izinhlobo ezikhiqiza i-biomass yekhwalithi futhi zimelana nezifo kanye nezimo ezishintshayo.
Un iseluleko esihle Kubalulekile ukukhetha imbewu engcono kakhulu ngokuya ngendawo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe.
Amaphutha avamile lapho utshala utshani nokuthi ungagwenywa kanjani
Ngisho nalabo abanolwazi kwesinye isikhathi benza amaphutha angonakalisa ukutshala:
- Ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini owomile noma omanzi kakhulu: Uma inhlabathi yomile, imbewu ingase iphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni futhi ife; uma igcwele amanzi, ingabola noma igezwe.
- Ungayimbozi imbewu: Ukushiya imbewu obala kukhuthaza ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokuhlasela kwezinyoni.
- Ukungalungisi i-pH yomhlabathi noma ukuvunda: Inhlabathi empofu noma ene-alkaline/ ene-asidi ngokweqile ikhawulela ukukhula kotshani.
- Ukwehluleka ukulawula ukhula ngaphambi kokutshala: Ukhula luminyanisa imbewu encane futhi luqhudelana ngezinsiza ezibalulekile.
Amathiphu awusizo wotshani obuphelele ekhaya noma epulazini
Amanye amaqhinga angenza umehluko kumphumela wokuhlwanyela kwakho:
- Khetha isikhathi esifanele sonyaka: hlwanyela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yemvula ukuze uqinisekise umswakama ngaphandle kokweqisa.
- Sebenzisa amathuluzi ahlanzekile, abukhali ukuze uhlukanise futhi ulinganise umhlabathi.
- Unganyatheli umhlabathi ngokweqile ngemva kokuhlwanyela, ngaphandle kokuvala imbewu ngokuhlwanyela ngezandla.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa ngokweqile umanyolo we-nitrogen esigabeni sokuqala, ubeke phambili i-phosphorus ukuze ivuse izimpande.
- Cela iseluleko uma isimo sezwe sinzima kakhulu noma unemibuzo mayelana nohlobo lwembewu.
Ungazitholaphi izimbewu nezeluleko zochwepheshe
Ukuthola izimbewu ezisezingeni eliphezulu nokuthola izeluleko zochwepheshe kubalulekile. Kukhona ama-nursery kanye nezitolo eziku-inthanethi ezihlinzeka ngosizo lomuntu siqu, ezihlinzeka ngolwazi lwembewu engcono kakhulu, umanyolo, nezinhlelo zokunisela zesimo sezulu sakho kanye nohlobo lwenhlabathi. Ungangabazi ukubonisana nochwepheshe ukuze uxazulule noma yimiphi imibuzo ngaphambi kokuthi uqale.
Abahlinzeki abaningi futhi bahlinzeka ngezinombolo zokusiza nge-WhatsApp noma ngocingo, ukusiza ukuxhumana okuqondile nokuxazulula ngokushesha izinkinga ezivamile zokutshala.
Ukusungula idlelo elihle, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingadi yakho noma imfuyo, kungaba lula uma ulandela lawa macebiso futhi unake isinyathelo ngasinye. Ukulungiswa kahle kwenhlabathi, ukukhetha imbewu, nokunakekelwa kokuqala kwenza umehluko, ukuzuza izindawo eziluhlaza, eziqinile, nezihlala isikhathi eside kunoma iyiphi indawo.
