Uma uzibheka njengomzali wezitshalo, uzokwazi ukuthi iMonstera deliciosa ingenye yalezo zitshalo ezikhanyisa noma yiliphi igumbi lendlu. Ukubukeka kwayo kwezindawo ezishisayo kanye namaqabunga acwebezelayo kuyenza ibe i-showstopper yangempela, kodwa ayibukeki njalo njengoba ibonakala ezithombeni zenkundla yezokuxhumana: ngezinye izikhathi amaqabunga akhula abe mancane, aphuka, noma isitshalo silahlekelwa amandla.
Kulezi zimo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuyekeza izinqubo zokunakekela ezibalulekile futhi, lapho kudingeka usizo oluthe xaxa, sebenzisa amaqhinga alula kakhulu asekelwe amanzi, amanzi kanye ukuphathwa kokunisela.
Ngemuva kokubukeka kwaso okungavamile kunesitshalo sasehlathini esiyi-quintessential esidinga umswakama, ukukhanya, kanye nebhodwe elifanele ukukhula kwaso. Uma iMonstera yakho ibonakala imile, kunezinto ezimbili ezimangalisayo: okokuqala, ukulungisa kahle ukuchelela kanye nomswakama ozungezile; okwesibili, amasu athile asetshenziswa yizinkulisa, njenge... ukucindezeleka kwamanzi okulawulwayo kanye nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi iqhinga lamanziukuvuselela izimpande, ukuvuselela amaqabunga amasha futhi ubuyisele ngokushesha isitshalo.
Kuyini ukucindezelwa kwamanzi okulawulwayo futhi kungani kusetshenziswa ezinkulisa?
I-Monstera isuka emahlathini emvula lapho inhlabathi ihlala inomswakama, kodwa ekulinyweni kochwepheshe, ingcindezi yamanzi ethambile, efakwe kahle isetshenziswa ukuqalisa ukusabela kokukhula lapho ukubuyisela kabusha amanzi emzimbeni kwenzeka. Sikhuluma ngayo isikhathi esifushane ngamanzi amancane okulandelwa ukuchelela ngokukhululekileLokhu kushintshana kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande ezisebenzayo futhi kungavuna amaqabunga amakhudlwana uma i-substrate isibuyile.
Le ndlela akusho ukuyeka ukuchelela ngokuphelele; kuyindlela elinganisiwe. Ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, ekhaya, lokhu kusho ukuvumela i-substrate ene-aerated ukuthi ilahlekelwe umswakama ngendlela elawulwayo ngaphandle kokubangela ukuthi isitshalo sibune, bese siwubuyisela kabusha ngokuphelele. Lokhu kulingisa iphethini yemvelo lapho a Ukubuyisela amanzi emanzini ngesikhathi kuhlanganisa umsoco futhi kusivuse isitshalo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa impilo yabo.
Ukuyisebenzisa ngokuphepha, Lungisa isilawuli ngokuya ngesizini kanye nezimo zekhaya lakho. Uma indlu yakho yomile futhi ifudumele, unokukhululeka okuncane; uma unomswakama owengeziwe, ungakwazi isikhala sokuchelela kancane. Kunoma yikuphi, umgomo ukugwema ukweqisa: noma ukuchelela ngokweqile noma ukuvumela ibhola lempande ukuba lome ngokuphelele. Isiqondiso esiwusizo kakhulu ukuhlola umhlabathi nokulinganisa. A elula imitha yomswakama noma indlela yomunwe Bazokutshela uma sekuyisikhathi sokunisela futhi.
Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi izitshalo zeMonstera ziyakwazisa ukuchelela njalo, ikakhulukazi ehlobo lapho ukushisa kusheshisa ukuhwamuka. Abahlengikazi bahlanganisa le nqubo ne ukukhipha ama-substrates nokukhanya okuningi, ngakho-ke uma uletha ikhaya elilodwa, hlala ulihlinzeka nge-flooring enhle futhi izimo zokukhanyisa ezanele ukugwema ukwehlisa i-photosynthesis.
Kungani i-Monstera yakho ingakhuli: amanzi, ukukhanya, ibhodwe, nomswakama
Cishe njalo lapho isitshalo seMonstera sikhula amaqabunga amancane noma silahlekelwa amandla, kunesici esivamile: ukuchelela okungafanele. Lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo ezishisayo ludinga i-substrate ehlala imanzi kancane, enezidingo ezinkulu nakakhulu phakathi nezinyanga ezifudumele. Uma ifakwe ngaphansi kwamanzi, ngeke nje ukukhula kwayo kuhambe kancane, kodwa ingase ibe nezinye izinkinga. izinyembezi emaqabunga amancane namathiphu omile.
Ngaphezu kokunisela, ukukhanya nezakhamzimba nakho kunendima. Beka ibhodwe endaweni ekhanyayo yasendlini, ulandele amathiphu okudala ingadi encane enebhodweNgokukhanya okuningi okungaqondile, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhiqiza amandla futhi siguqule sibe amaqabunga amakhulu. Kusiza kakhulu ukuhlola izinga lokumiswa kwe-substrate masonto onke, njengoba lokhu kuncike enkathini yonyaka, uhlobo lwebhodwe, kanye nokukhipha umoya. Ezitsheni ezinezimbotshana noma lezo ezishisisayo, inhlabathi iyokoma ngokushesha. yoma ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile.
Umswakama we-ambient nawo udlala indima. Izitshalo zeMonstera zikhula kahle endaweni enomswakama; faka amahlamvu awo njalo, ikakhulukazi ehlobo noma lapho ukushisa kuphezulu. Lezi zinkungu ezinhle, kude nokuthatha indawo yokuchelela, zihambisana nokukhipha amanzi futhi zinciphise ukucindezeleka. Uma ikhaya lakho lomile kakhulu, ukudala ama-microclimates nezinye izitshalo noma ukubeka ibhodwe kude nemidwebo kuzosiza. ukusheshisa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
Ukugcina amaqabunga ehlanzekile kuyinto ebalulekile engaphansi. Uthuli olunqwabelene luvimbela i-photosynthesis futhi ekugcineni lunciphise ubukhulu nokukhanya kwamahlamvu. Njalo emavikini amabili, sula izinhlangothi zombili zamaqabunga ngendwangu emanziswe ngamanzi afudumele. Gwema amafutha kanye nama-polishes: ukugeza okusheshayo eshaweni, ukuvumela ukuvuza ngokweqile, kungaphezu kokwanele. buyisela ukukhanya kwemvelo ngaphandle kokuvala ama-pores.
Ekugcineni, hlola usayizi webhodwe. Uma izimpande zivaleleke esitsheni esincane, ukukhula kuzoncipha. IMonstera engaba ngu-20 cm ubude izojabulela ibhodwe elingama-25 kuya ku-30 ​​cm ububanzi njengendawo yokuqala. Ukukhetha a ibhodwe eline-drainage enhle nevolumu Kuzovumela izimpande ukuba zande futhi zisekele amaqabunga amakhulu.
Iqhinga lamanzi lokuvuselela izimpande namaqabunga aphindwe kabili
Uma i-Monstera ibonisa izimpawu zobuthakathaka noma izimpande ezithile sezixegekile, kunenqubo elula nephumelelayo yokuyivuselela: faka amanzi amasegimenti athintekile ngokuhlukana bese uwanamathisela futhi uma esephinde wasebenza futhi. Le ndlela, eyaziwa ngokuthi iqhinga lamanziIsekelwe ekuhlukaniseni ngokucophelela ingxenye evulekile ukuze ivuselele izimpande esitsheni seglasi ngamanzi ahlanzekile.
Ozodinga ukukwenza ngomoya ophansi: imbiza yengilazi noma inkomishi, i-trowel encane yasengadini, amanzi, kanye neMonstera yakho. Susa isitshalo ngobumnene ebhodweni laso noma ususe inhlabathi uze uveze izimpande. Thola ingxenye evulekile futhi uyihlukanise kahle, ugweme ukuklebhula. Umgomo akukhona ukusika ngenjongo yokusika, kodwa uku... khomba ingxenye edinga amanzi emanzini ukuze uthole amandla.
Beka ucezu olukhethiwe esitsheni samanzi, ushiye iqabunga ngaphezu kwendawo futhi ungathinti amanzi. Leli banga libalulekile ukuvimbela i-blade yeqabunga ekuboleni; i-node kuphela, noma indawo lapho kuzovela khona izimpande ezintsha, kufanele kucwiliswe emanzini. Shintsha amanzi njalo ukuze ugcine impilo yesitshalo. i-oxygen futhi ihlanzekileKulesi sigaba, umgomo uwukukhiqiza u-2 kuya ku-3 cm wezimpande ezimhlophe ezinempilo ezizoqinisekisa impumelelo lapho zitshalwa kabusha.
Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, lapho izimpande sezakhekile, buyisela ingxenye ku-substrate ye-Monstera, okungcono endaweni efanayo noma eduze kakhulu nendawo yokuqala. Lokhu kubuyiselwa, ngemva kokufakwa kwe-hydration okuhlosiwe, ngokuvamile kubangela amahlumela anamandla namaqabunga amakhulu emasontweni alandelayo, ngoba uphinde walinganisa uhlelo lwezimpande futhi wathuthukisa amandla ayo okumunca amanzi. izakhamzimba ezibalulekile.
Khumbula ukugcina i-substrate imanzi ngesikhathi sokulungiswa futhi ugweme izinguquko ezingazelelwe endaweni noma ekukhanyeni. Indawo ezinzile isiza ekuvimbeleni ukucindezeleka esicutshini esanda kwenziwa, okuvumela isitshalo ukuba sigxilise amandla aso ekukhuleni. khipha amaqabunga amasha.
Phindaphinda futhi ulawule usayizi: ukusikwa okuqinisekisiwe emanzini
Uma i-Monstera yakho iphuma esandleni futhi ithatha isikhala esiningi, ukuyihlukanisa futhi ukuthatha ukusikwa emanzini kuyisixazululo esisebenzayo esikuvumela ukuthi wabelane ngesitshalo. Yenza lokhu ngesikhathi esifanele sonyaka, lapho izinsuku zinde futhi amazinga okushisa emnandi. Qinisekisa ukuthi kukhona okungenani amahora angu-12 okukhanya kwelanga nokuthi izinga lokushisa lihlala lingaphezu kuka-18 degrees Celsius (64 degrees Fahrenheit), ugweme ukushisa okungaphezu kuka-26 degrees Celsius (79 degrees Fahrenheit). Lezi zimo zifanelekile. Bandisa izinga lempumelelo of the cuttings futhi ukusheshisa ukukhula kwezimpande.
Mayelana nezinto zokwakha, okudingayo nje isikele esifakwe isibulala-magciwane, izitsha zengilazi, namanzi athambile anokuqukethwe kwe-chlorine ephansi. Ukusika kufanele kwenziwe phakathi kwamanodi, okuhlanganisa okungenani i-node eyodwa futhi, uma kungenzeka, impande yasemoyeni ehlumayo. Uma ukusika sekwenziwe, faka ukusika ku-vase ngamanzi anele ukumboza i-node ezosuka. Emasontweni amabili, uma izinga lokushisa nokukhanya kuvuma, uzobona amathiphu empande emhlophe evela futhi ekhula ngokushesha. amasentimitha amabili noma amathathu.
Gcina amanzi ehlanzekile: shintsha cishe njalo ezinsukwini eziyishumi ukuze uvimbele iphunga elibi nokuntuleka komoyampilo. Iqhinga eliwusizo ukufaka umthamo omncane womanyolo owuketshezi kanye ngenyanga, uvumele uhlale usuku, bese ushintsha amanzi. Lokhu kunikeza ama-micronutrients ngaphandle kokulayisha ngokweqile isitshalo futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kwezimpande. eqinile futhi esebenzayo.
Uma uhlelo lwempande seluthuthukisiwe, tshala isitshalo endaweni enomoya omuhle, edonsa kahle. Ingxube evamile yeMonstera ihlanganisa i-peat moss noma i-coconut fiber, enye i-perlite yokufaka umoya, kanye nephesenti lezinto ezimahhadla ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubumbana. Cindezela umhlabathi phansi ngobumnene, uchelele kahle, futhi uvumele ukudonsa. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, vikela ukusikwa elangeni eliqondile futhi ugcine umswakama ophezulu ngokuwufaka inkungu kahle kakhulu. kunciphisa ukucindezeleka ngemva kokufakelwa.
Leli su lokusika ne-rooting likusiza ukuthi ulawule umthamo wakho okhulayo wasendlini ngenkathi uthola izitshalo ezintsha. Njengenzuzo eyengeziwe, isitshalo sikamama sivame ukuphendula ngokukhula okusha kwemifino, okubuye kukhuthaze ukukhula kwamaqabunga okulandelayo. baphume bakhudlwana uma ugcina ukukhanya nokunisela kulungiswe kahle.
Ukunisela okuhle, i-substrate efanelekile, nomswakama we-ambient
Ngaphakathi, indlela engcono kakhulu Nisela amanzi lapho i-substrate ilahlekelwa umswakama wayo ongaphezulu kodwa ihlala ipholile ngamasentimitha ambalwa ngezansi. Ezikhathini ezifudumele noma ngokushisa okuphezulu, le mvamisa ingaba phezulu kakhulu, idinga ukunisela cishe nsuku zonke kwezinye izindlu. Okubalulekile ukuthi ibhodwe liyaphuma, amanzi awami, futhi i-substrate ibuyela esimweni sayo sokuqala. izinga lomswakama elikhululekile ngaphandle kwama-puddles.
Imitha yokuswakama kwenhlabathi iyithuluzi eliwusizo nelingabizi. Uma ukhetha indlela yendabuko, faka umunwe emhlabathini: uma amasentimitha ambalwa okuqala ezwa ewomile futhi izimpande zezimpande zingasazizwa zipholile, sekuyisikhathi sokunisela. Lungisa inani ukuze ucwilise kahle inhlabathi yonke futhi uvumele noma yikuphi okweqile kuphume ngemigodi yokukhipha amanzi. Gwema ukuchelela okungashoni okumanzisa ingaphezulu kodwa kungafinyeleli ezimpandeni, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekuboleni kwezimpande ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. izimpande ezivilaphayo namaqabunga amancane.
Umswakama we-ambient ufanelwe isigaba sawo. Inkungu njalo, ikakhulukazi ehlobo nasebusika lapho ukushisisa kubasiwe, ngoba umoya owomile usheshisa ukuphefumulelwa. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa inkungu ukuze ugweme ukumanzisa ama-axil amaqabunga. Omunye umqondo olula uwukuhlanganisa izitshalo ndawonye ukuze kwakheke i-microclimate enomswakama kakhudlwana ezungeze iMonstera, isilinganiso leso kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamanzi ngaphandle kokugcwalisa i-substrate.
Ukuhlanza amaqabunga kuwukugcina ukuvimbela. Njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15, sula ngendwangu emanzi namanzi afudumele ukuze ususe uthuli futhi uvumele i-stomata ukuthi iphefumule. Uma kulula, ungabanikeza ishawa elithambile kubhavu futhi uvumele amanzi engeziwe adonse ngaphambi kokuwashintsha. Gwema amafutha nama polishes; zingase zibukeke zizinhle ekuqaleni, kodwa ngeke zihlale isikhathi eside. vala izimbotshana futhi unciphise ukusebenza kwe-photosynthesis.
Ngenhlabathi, khetha amamiksi akhipha kahle angahlangani. I-Monstera iphila kahle endaweni engaphansi evulekile, enomoya egcina umswakama kodwa evumela umoya ukuba ujikeleze; ukuhlanganisa izinto eziphilayo ne-perlite, amagxolo, noma izinto ezifanayo kuzokunikeza ukuthungwa okufanele. Le bhalansi ivumela ukuchelela ngokukhululekile ngaphandle kokunisela ngokweqile futhi igcina izinga lokuswakama elingaguquki. uzinzile futhi unempilo phakathi kwamanzi.
Ukukhetha ibhodwe elilungile kanye nesikhathi sokutshala
Enye yezimbangela ezithule zamaqabunga amancane isitsha esincane kakhulu. Uma, lapho ususa isitshalo, ubona izimpande ezizungezayo noma ezipakishwe ngokuqinile, sekuyisikhathi sokuya ebhodweni elikhudlwana. Njengomhlahlandlela, iMonstera engaba ngu-20 cm ubude izokhula kahle ebhodweni elingama-25 kuya ku-30 ​​cm ububanzi. Okubaluleke ngaphezu kokuyiyeka ikhule ngokungalawuleki ukuthi ibhodwe linokugeleza okuhle kanye nomthamo ovumela izimpande ukuba zikhule kahle. hlola futhi wandise ngaphandle kokuphefumula.
Ukubilisa kuhle uma ingxube yebhodwe ingasaphumi kahle, ibhodwe selisinda kakhulu ngisho noma lomile, noma isitshalo siphuza amanzi ngokushesha futhi siphelelwa amanzi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Okufanelekile, kwenze lokhu phakathi nezinyanga ezifudumele, ngokukhanya kwelanga okukhulayo kanye namazinga okushisa azinzile. Thatha ithuba lokushintsha enye ingxube ye-potting, hlola isimo sezimpande, futhi ususe noma yiziphi izindawo ezilimele. Ngemuva kokutshala kabusha, Nisela kahle futhi uzinze isitshalo izinsuku ezimbalwa, ukugwema okusalungiswa kanye nezinguquko ezingazelelwe.
Indlela yokuhlanganisa ukucindezeleka kwamanzi okulawulwayo ngaphandle kokubeka isitshalo sakho engozini
Uma ufuna ukuhlanganisa lo mkhuba wasenkulisa, kwenze ngokuhlakanipha. Qala ngokubheka isigqi se-Monstera yakho bese usungula umjikelezo omnene: vumela ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-substrate ukuthi lome ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, ugcine ingaphakathi lisamanzi, bese uchelela kahle. Lokhu kushintshana, okuphindaphindiwe ngezikhathi ezithile, kungasiza isitshalo sithuthukise izimpande ezintsha futhi, esigabeni esilandelayo sokunisela okuningi, siphendule amaqabunga ophanayo.
Gwema ukusisebenzisa uma isitshalo sakho sesivele sibonisa ukucindezeleka okukhulu, amaqabunga awela phansi, noma imiphetho eyomile ethuthukisiwe; kulezo zimo, kungcono ukuzinzisa ukuchelela, ukukhanya, nomswakama kuqala. Futhi khumbula, ayithathi indawo yokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke: isebenza njengokukhuphula umzimba ukuthi, kuhlanganiswe nemikhuba emihle (ukukhanya, ukuhlanza amaqabunga, ibhodwe elilungile), kuphindaphinde imiphumela yako. Okubalulekile ukuthi i-substrate ikhululekile, ukuze ngisho namanzi amancane okwesikhashana, izimpande ziqhubeke zithola umswakama. umoya-mpilo owanele.
Amaphutha avamile akhawulela usayizi weshidi
Ukunisela njalo inani elifanayo ngaphandle kokuhlola inhlabathi ngokuvamile kuwumgodi omkhulu. Ukunisela kufanele kuncike esimweni sezulu, inkathi, uhlobo lwebhodwe, nobukhulu besitshalo. Lungisa ukuvama kanye nenani ukuze ugweme inhlanganisela eyingozi yomhlabathi egcwele amanzi okulandelwa ukoma okwedlulele. Izitshalo zeMonstera zichuma kakhulu phakathi nesizini, nge umswakama njalo kanye ne-drainage engenasici.
Ukubeka isitshalo ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuphansi nakho kunciphisa ubukhulu bamaqabunga. Nakuba ibekezelela amagumbi akhanyayo ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile, uma ikude kakhulu nefasitela, izokhiqiza amaqabunga amancane, anezimbobo ezincane. Isondeze ekukhanyeni bese uzungezisa ibhodwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze khula ngokulinganisela futhi ungagobi ufuna ukukhanya.
Elinye iphutha elivamile ukunganaki ukuhlanza. Uthuli lusebenza njengefilimu evimba ukukhanya futhi ivimbele ukushintshaniswa kwegesi. Ukusula ngokushesha ngendwangu emanzi njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili kanye nokugeza ngezikhathi ezithile kuzokunika ukukhanya futhi kuthuthukise impilo yakho yonke. Gwema imikhiqizo enamafutha: ingase inikeze ukukhanya okusheshayo, kodwa inciphisa ukusebenza komzimba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Zilimaza amahlamvu.
Okokugcina, gwema ukusebenzisa ibhodwe elincane kakhulu. Uhlelo lwempande oluminyene luyoba nzima ukusekela amaqabunga amakhulu. Hlola impande njalo futhi uyifake futhi uma kunesidingo. Lolu shintsho, kanye nokunisela okulungisiwe kanye nokusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile kokucindezeleka kwamanzi okulawulwayo, yikho ekugcineni okwenza umehluko phakathi kweMonstera ehlakaniphile kanye ne... Uyakhanya ngempela.
Elinye iphutha elivamile ukukhohlwa ngokuhlanza. Uthuli lusebenza njengefilimu evimbela ukukhanya ukuthi kungangeni. Ngendwangu emanzi njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili kanye neshawa ngezikhathi ezithile, uzothola ukukhanya nempilo. Okokugcina, gwema ukusebenzisa ibhodwe elincane kakhulu. Uhlelo lwempande oluminyene ngeke lukwazi ukusekela amaqabunga amakhulu.
I-Monstera iyisitshalo esivuzayo esiphendula njalo lapho sinikezwa ukunakekelwa okufanele nokungashintshi. Imfihlo ayikho ebuqilini bomlingo, kodwa ku- ukubhekwa nsuku zonke (buka umhlaba, thinta iqabunga) futhi kuleso sineke onakho njengoba umzali wezitshaloHlanganisa izisekelo ezikhanyayo nezangaphansi nalezi zindlela zasenkulisa, njengokucindezela kwamanzi okulawulwayo, futhi uzobona ukuthi, emasontweni ambalwa nje, iMonstera yakho ayikhuli nje kuphela, Kunalokho, iba inkanyezi yasezindaweni ezishisayo oyifanelekela ekhaya lakho!
