I-Tamarisk, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-taray, i-tamariz noma i-tamarisk, iwuhlobo lwezihlahla nezihlahlana ezijwayele izimo ezimbi kakhulu zesomiso, usawoti kanye nenhlabathi empofu. Aziswa kakhulu ekulungiseni umhlaba kanye nasengadini ngenxa yokuqina kwawo kanye namahlamvu anezimpaphe akhangayo, kanye nekhono lawo lokuzinzisa inhlabathi nezindunduma.
Itholakala e-Eurasia nase-Afrika, umtamariske ususakazekele ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba, usetshenziselwa kokubili ukuhlobisa kanye nokuqukatha ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi eyomile. Nokho, kwamanye amazwe, isiphenduke uhlobo oluhlaselayo ngenxa yokusabalala kwayo ngokushesha kanye nokumelana nezimo ezimbi.
Izici ze-tamarisk
I-Tamarisk ingavela njengesihlahla noma isihlahla esincane, esifinyelela ukuphakama phakathi 1 namamitha ayi-15. Amagatsha awo mncane futhi uvumelana nezimo, futhi amahlamvu awo akhiwa amahlamvu amancane anoqweqwe olunombala okuluhlaza, efana naleyo yemisipres. Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo luyaziwa futhi ngokumelana naso, lubonisa ukufana ne Izitshalo ezimelana ne-saltpeter.
Izimbali zomtamariske ziyi encane kakhulu, phakathi kwamamilimitha angu-2 no-3 ububanzi, futhi avela eqoqwe ngama-cylindrical spikes aminyene. Umbala wayo uyahlukahluka phakathi pink emhlophe futhi ephaphathekile. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kwenzeka ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo nasehlobo, nakuba ezinye izinhlobo ziqhakaza ebusika.
I-root system yayo athuthuke kakhulu, enezimpande ezijulile eziwuvumela ukuba ufinyelele emanzini angaphansi komhlaba futhi umelane nesomiso isikhathi eside. Lokhu futhi kunomthelela ekhonweni layo lokubopha inhlabathi futhi kusize ekuvimbeleni ukuguguleka. Kulo mongo, umuntu angasho ukusebenziseka kwayo ku- ukunqanda ukuguguleka.
Indawo yokuhlala nokusatshalaliswa
I-Tamarisk iyinhlobo yezilwane evumelana nezimo kakhulu engatholakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zemvelo, kusukela emabhishi nasemaxhaphozini kuya osebeni lwemifula nezingwadule. Ukuba khona kwayo kuvamile ezindaweni zaseMedithera, e-Asia Ephakathi naseNyakatho Afrika.
Iphinde yethulwa eMelika nase-Australia ukuze kulungiswe indawo, ukulawula ukuguguleka komhlabathi, kanye nezinjongo zokunqanda umoya. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye zalezi zifunda isiye saba ngokwemvelo kwaze kwaba seqophelweni lokuba uhlobo oluhlaselayo, lususe izimila zendabuko.
Ikhono lokubekezelela usawoti
Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-tamarisk yikhono layo lokukwenza ukubekezelela inhlabathi enosawoti. Iyakwazi ukuphila enhlabathini lapho izitshalo eziningi zingakhuli, ngenxa yezindlala ezincane emaqabunga ayo ezivumela ukuba ikhule. khipha usawoti omningi. Lezi zinhlayiya zikasawoti ziwela phansi namaqabunga ekwindla, okungakhuphula usawoti wenhlabathi futhi kuthinte nezinye izitshalo eziseduze.
Ukukhulisa nokunakekela umtamariske
I-Tamarisk iyinhlobo yezilwane ukugcinwa okulula, okuyenza ilungele ingadi nokubuyiselwa kwezwe. Ezinye zezidingo zabo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
- Ukukhanya kwelanga: Ikhula kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezinelanga eligcwele.
- Phansi: Ibekezelela izinhlobonhlobo zama-substrates, nakuba ithanda inhlabathi ekhanyayo ekhanyiswe kahle.
- Ukunisela: Iyakwazi ukumelana nesomiso isikhathi eside, nakuba ikhula kahle ngokunisela okulingene.
- Ukuthena: Kutuswa ukuyithena ekupheleni kobusika ukuze igcine isimo sayo futhi ikhuthaze ukuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi.
Ukusetshenziswa nezinzuzo
I-Tamarisk ilinywa ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kokubili ukuhlobisa kanye nemvelo, kuhlanganise:
- Ingadi yokuhlobisa: Amahlamvu ayo anozimpaphe kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuyenza ilungele amapaki nezingadi.
- Ukulungiswa kweDune nomthambeka: Ngenxa yezimpande zayo ezibanzi, isiza ukusimamisa inhlabathi egugulekile.
- Izithiyo zomoya: Ezindaweni ezisogwini nasezindaweni ezomile, itshalwa ukunciphisa imiphumela yomoya futhi ithuthukise i-microclimate.
- Ukubuyiswa kwenhlabathi enosawoti: Isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi ezindaweni ezinosawoti omningi.
Umthelela wemvelo kanye nezinhlobo ezihlaselayo
Nakuba i-tamarisk inezinzuzo eziningi, kwezinye izifunda isiphenduke uhlobo ehlasela kakhulu. Ukusabalala kwayo ngokushesha kanye nokukhiqizwa kwembewu ephezulu kuyivumela ukuba isuse izinhlobo zemvelo, okushintsha imvelo yemvelo.
Eminye yemiphumela emibi yokwanda kwayo okungalawuleki ihlanganisa:
- Ukuncipha kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo: Yakha amahlozi aminyene avimbela ukukhula kwezinye izinhlobo.
- Ukwanda kosawoti enhlabathini: Ukunqwabelana kwayo kukasawoti emaqabungeni nasenhlabathini kungavimbela ukukhula kwezinye izitshalo.
- Ukuncishiswa kwamanzi atholakalayo: Izimpande zawo ezijulile zingadla amanzi amaningi angaphansi komhlaba.
- Ukuguqulwa kwemifula: Ingashintsha ukugeleza kwemifula nemifudlana, ithinte i-ecosystem dynamics.
Kwamanye amazwe, kuye kwaqaliswa izinhlelo zokulawula ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwanda kwawo okungalawuleki, kuhlanganiswe nezindlela zemishini, amakhemikhali, nezindlela zezinto eziphilayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukusakazeka kwawo.
Umtamariske uyisitshalo esithakazelisayo kokubili kuwo ukumelana ngokuqondene ne- usizo engadini y ukubuyiselwa komhlabathi. Kubalulekile ukuphatha ukutshalwa kwayo ngokuzibophezela ukuze kugwenywe umthelela wayo ongemuhle ezinhlelweni zemvelo zomdabu. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kuyenza ibe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu ezimweni zezulu ezomile nezisogwini, inqobo nje uma ukukhula nokusabalala kwayo kuqashelwa.
