I-Physalis iyiqembu lezitshalo ezahlukahlukene emndenini weSolanaceae, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi uchuva, aguaymanto kanye ne-camapu. Igama elidumile lithi izibani ze-orange noma zaseShayina, futhi zisetshenziswa njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa ngoba zinikeza ukuthinta kombala emasimini asekwindla.
Amajikijolo adliwayo ayizihlobo eziseduze zikatamatisi futhi abelana ngezidingo ezifanayo zokunakekelwa., nakuba ezinye zidliwa futhi ezinye zisetshenziswa njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa kuphela njengoba kunezinhlobonhlobo zazo.
Itholakala endle ezindaweni ezifudumele futhi itshalwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba. Banikeza ukuhlukahluka kobumo, ubukhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa.
Izinhlobo ezibhaliwe ze-physalis zihluke kakhulu, zibonisa imibala ehlukahlukene, ubukhulu, ukunambitheka kanye nendlela yokwenza. Zinezici eziyingqayizivele ze-botanical ezizihlukanisa komunye nomunye.
Okulandelayo, sizophenya ezinye zezinhlobonhlobo ezingaphakathi kohlobo lwe-physalis futhi sithole izici zazo ze-botanical.
Umsuka we-physalis
Izitshalo ze-Physalis zikhula ngonyaka, zikhula ezinwabuzelayo njengoba zikhula. Kunezitshalo eziningi ezidliwayo ngaphakathi kohlobo, ezithathwa njengezingavamile futhi ezingavamile, kodwa inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-120, cishe izinhlobo zayo eziyi-15 kuphela ezithakaselwayo ukuzilinywa.
Bangabomndeni wakwaSolanaceae, ohlanganisa notamatisi, upelepele, ugwayi namazambane. i-tomatillo y isitshalo seqanda, phakathi kwabanye. Izitshalo zalo mndeni zinokufana kanye nochungechunge lwezimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-agronomic.
Itholakala ezifundeni zasePeru, eBolivia naseNingizimu Melika. Yafika eYurophu ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. ECape of Good Hope eNingizimu Afrika ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho Yaqanjwa ngokuthi "uchuva" futhi yaba ukudla okuyisisekelo ekudleni.
Kuyisitshalo esingapheli esingaphila ebusika uma usigcina esitsheni endlini.
Izici
Izinhlobo eziningi emndenini zinama-trichome angama-glandula, noma uboya, phezulu kwamaqabunga neziqu. Lezi zinwele zikhiqiza amakhemikhali axosha izilwane ezidla uhlaza.
Ngokuvamile zifinyelela ubude obungu-50 cm ukuya ku-2 m kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, zineziqu eziqinile kanye namagxolo abushelelezi noma amaholo. Amaqabunga ezitshalo ayizimbali ezimise okwenhliziyo futhi ezimise okwensimbi Bakha igobolondo phezu kwejikijolo ukuthi lapho isithelo sakhiwe siguqulwa sibe "i-lantern yaseShayina" eyaziwayo.
Amajikijolo alingana ne-cherry futhi anombala osawolintshi-ophuzi, futhi agcwele imbewu ngaphakathi.
Inokunambitheka okumuncu, okumnandi, okunezithelo, njengengxube yangaphandle yephayinaphu, i-kiwi, isithelo sothando kanye ne-currant.
Izimbali zihluma zodwa noma ngambili ngendlela enamaqabunga emagatsheni Amaqabunga amhlophe anezimpawu eziluhlaza noma eziphuzi. Izinhlobo eziningi zalesi sitshalo zinezindawo zokwelapha, esetshenziswa emithini yesintu ukwelapha izifo ezehlukene.
Ubuthi
Kanjalo, ezinye izingxenye eziluhlaza ezibabayo zesitshalo zinoshevu kancane futhi zingase zibangele amajaqamba esiswini, nakuba zidliwa uma sezivuthiwe.
Amajikijolo aluhlaza anobuthi futhi akufanele adliwe ngoba aqukethe i-alkaloid solanine. okungase kubangele izimpawu zobuthi, nokho kukhona okuhlukile njengokuthi i-tomatillos: I-Physalis ixocarpa, esengadliwa. lapho sebeluhlaza.
Into eyodwa ebalulekile ukuthi zonke izitshalo ze-physalis zinobuthi ezilwaneni ezifuywayo, amakati nezinja.
Izinhlobo ezifakiwe nezici zazo
I-Chinese Lantern (Physalis alkekengi)
Yaziwa nge-calyx yayo ebomvu ejulile, ebukeka njengelambu, Lolu hlobo lutshalwa ikakhulukazi ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa.
Izithelo zayo, nakuba zidliwa futhi uma sezivuthiwe ziba nokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu okubabayo okuncane, azidumile njengezinye izinhlobo zezilwane.
Kuyisitshalo esingapheli esisakazeka ngama-rhizomes, sakhe amakoloni aminyene. Seliwuphawu lwangempela lwekwindla ngoba igobolondo lalo likhanya ngombala osawolintshi noma obomvu ojulile njengezibani zamaShayina.
I-gooseberry yaseKapa (Physalis peruviana)
I-Physalis peruviana Iwuhlobo oludabuka e-Andes, ikhiqiza izithelo ezincane, eziyindilinga, eziphuzi-orange, icebile ngamavithamini nama-antioxidants. Inokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu, iwuhlobo olumnandi kakhulu nolwaziwayo.
I-calyx yayo, evikela isithelo, iphenduka umbala wotshani uma isivuthiwe Isitshalo esine-herbaceous esingafinyelela ku-1 mitha ukuphakama, esinamaqabunga amise okweqanda kanye nezimbali ezimise okwensimbi.
Angakhula ezindaweni eziningi ukusuka ezindaweni ezishisayo ukuya kwezipholile., okwenza kube ukwengeza okuhle kunoma iyiphi indawo eluhlaza noma ingadi.
I-Tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa)
Isuka eMexico, le Physalis itshalwa ikakhulukazi izithelo zayo eziluhlaza noma ezinsomi, esetshenziswa ekulungiseni amasoso nezinye izitsha.
Baziwa ngokuthi utamatisi we-husk noma utamatisi we-jam. Izithelo zingaba ngu-5 cm ububanzi futhi zibe nemibala e-violet nephuzi. Ane-flavour efana kakhulu nama-apula aluhlaza, kodwa ane-acidic kakhulu kunoshukela. Ilungele ujamu namasoso.
Zivuthwa kusukela ngoSepthemba kuye phambili lapho nje igobolondo elifana nephepha livulwa. Ezinye izinhlobo zingadliwa ziluhlaza.
Utamatisi (Physalis pruinosa)
Ukunambitheka kwawo kukhumbuza uphayinaphu ovuthiwe, ukhula ube mncane kakhulu futhi uvuthwe ngaphambi kwe-cape gooseberry. ikhiqiza isivuno esiningi samajikijolo amancane aphuzi Uma sezivuthiwe ziyawa ehlathini.
Utamatisi waseMexico (Physalis philadelphica)
Waziwa ngokuthi utamatisi we-husk futhi udabuka eMexico lapho utshalwa khona njengemifino. Kuwuhlobo olusetshenziswa ezitsheni zendabuko zaseMexico, kodwa kuyinto engaziwa eYurophu. Ikhiqiza izithelo ezinsomi ngokumnyama, cishe ezimnyama, futhi inokunambitheka okubabayo kancane.
Kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi ze-physalis, ngayinye enezici zayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Ezinye zisendle, kanti ezinye zilinywa ezingadini nasemasimini.
Ukubaluleka nokusetshenziswa
Izithelo ze-Physalis zicebile ngamavithamini, amaminerali kanye nama-antioxidants, okwenza kube ukudla okunomsoco nokunempilo.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu ziwukudla okunempilo kakhulu ngoba ziwumthombo wamavithamini: C, B3 kanye ne-B12. Banikeza i-calcium, insimbi, i-manganese, i-phosphorus futhi inothe kakhulu kuma-polyphenols nama-carotenoids.
Zisetshenziswa zintsha, kuma-preserves, ujamu, amasoso nama-dessert. Uma omisiwe amnandi kakhulu futhi angengezwa njengendlela yokuhlobisa ezitsheni ezifana namasaladi noma ukudla kwasekuseni.
Ezinye izinhlobo zisetshenziswa emithini yendabuko ukwelapha izimo. njengokuvuvukala, imfiva, nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla.
Ibuye isetshenziswe engadini njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.
Izitshalo ze-Physalis zihluke ngendlela emangalisayo, zibonisa uhla lwezimpawu ze-botanical.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zalezi zitshalo, ezivame ukutshalwa ezindaweni ezifudumele nezibandayo zomhlaba, Zihlukene ngobude, ukuma kanye nombala wamaqabunga, ubukhulu kanye nombala wamacembe, ukwakheka, umbala, ubukhulu kanye nokunambitheka kwezithelo kanye nekhasi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo kokupheka, i-horticultural kanye nemithi.
Sibone ezinye zezinhlobonhlobo ezidume kakhulu ezisivumela ukuthi sifunde ilukuluku namaqiniso mayelana nalesi sitshalo esingavamile nesingavamile, kodwa ngokusetshenziswa okuningi kokuhlobisa kanye nezinzuzo zempilo yethu.