Ukuthena izihlahla zezithelo kunezinjongo ezimbili: impilo yesakhiwo y izinga fruitingAkukhona nje ngobuhle noma impilo, kodwa mayelana nokulawula ibhalansi phakathi amandla emifino (izinkuni namaqabunga) kanye isithelo umthwaloUmthetho owusizo kakhulu wesithupha yilokho amaqabunga angama-40 ngesithelo ngasinye ukusiza ukufeza usayizi elilungile, ukunambitheka kanye nombala.
Kubalulekile ukugwema kokubili ukugcwala ngokweqile kwezithelo ezincane nokuthenwa ngokweqile, okuvusa amahlumela anamandla futhi angatheli. Ngokusikeka okuhlelwe kahle nokuqonda ukuthi isihlahla sezithelo sikhula kanjani, ungajabulela isivuno esivamile nesinobukhulu obuhle.
Kungani ukuthena izihlahla zezithelo
- Kuthuthukisa i- okokufaka okukhanyayo kanye nokungena komoya enkomishini, kunciphisa izingozi isikhunta kanye nezinambuzane ezindaweni ezinomthunzi.
- Isabalalisa kabusha i- ubisi namandla ezingxenyeni ezincane nezikhiqizayo, ukukhulisa usayizi wezithelo.
- Oda isakhiwo: ukuqedwa kwe amagatsha awela, amagatsha omile, iziphunzi nama-suckers ezithandela indebe.
- Ithuthukisa ukuhluma okulinganayo: ngokusika ihlumela letheminali, ama-lateral buds ayasebenza ukuhlanganisa lapho kufanele khona.
Isikhathi sokuthena izihlahla zezithelo
- Ukuthena ebusika noma ebusika ukulala: ekupheleni kobusika nangaphambi kokuhluma, amanxeba philisa kangcono futhi isihlahla siqala ngamandla. Ezihlahleni zezithelo ezinokhuni olubuthakathaka noma oluzwela ukusikeka okukhulu, kungaba libala kancane kuze kube ngemva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali uma isimo sezulu sivuma.
- Ukuthena okuluhlaza (ehlobo nasekuqaleni kwekwindla): ukuncinza nokuncipha Ukuthena amahlumela anamandla kakhulu ukuze kuvuse imiqumbe yezimbali futhi kunciphise ukuthungatha. Uma isihlahla sinamandla kakhulu, ukungenelela phakathi nehlobo kuyasiza. ukunqanda ukukhula.
- Gwema ukusikeka okukhulu ngasekupheleni kwekwindla nasekuqaleni kobusika: izilonda zivezwa isikhathi eside futhi kunengozi enkulu isithwathwa kanye nesikhunta.
- Hlonipha inkathi yokuzalela izinyoni: phakathi kwentwasahlobo nehlobo, khawula ukungenelela kokuthi ukusikeka okuthambile uma zingekho izidleke ezisebenzayo.
- Ngezinhlobo: izihlahla zamapentshisi nezinye izihlahla ezikhula ngokushesha zingathenwa ngesikhathi esifudumele, ngisho nangesikhathi sokuvuna; ezihlahleni zama-cherry, ukuthena kwenziwa ngemva kokuthela. ukunciphisa izinkinga zenjoloba.
Izingxenye zesihlahla sezithelo okufanele uziqaphele
- Ihlumela letheminali: iwugqinsi futhi i-apical, ibusa ukukhula. Uma icindezelwa, iyasebenza ama-lateral buds.
- Amahlamvu efihlekile: lateral futhi flatter; ukusika ngenhla nje kubangela amagatsha anamaqabunga.
- Izimbali: ukuqhuma okuningi; bangabokuqala khukhumala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
- Amarandi: emfushane, ngokhuni iminyaka eminingana ubudala, ethweswe umqhele wezimbali. Ungawasusi: ukusekela ukukhiqizwa konyaka.
- Isibazi sesizini: indandatho egatsheni ephawula ukuqala kwenkathi entsha yokukhula ngemva kokulala.
Ngaphezu isikhundla sabo, efihlekile kungaba evamile (zihluma ngonyaka olandelayo) kufihlile (zivinjelwe) noma ezesabekayo (zivele okhunini oludala noma izimpande), ziwusizo khiqiza kabusha izindawo ezingenabantu.
Uzithena kanjani izihlahla zakho zezithelo
- Yenza ukusikeka diagonals (≈45°), hlanza futhi usondele kuhlumela olukhethiwe, ngaphandle kokushiya iziphunzi.
- Setha inkomishi nge 5-6 amagatsha amakhulu kusatshalaliswe kahle ngobude nokuma ngakunye.
- Emagatsheni aqonde kakhulu, iyathanda zitshekise ngezintambo noma izisindo ezithambile esikhundleni sokuzisika, ukuyenga izimbali.
- Vala ukusikeka okukhulu nge i-mastic yokwelapha noma imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngethusi ukuvikela isilonda.
Impendulo ivela ku- pruning: ukuhlanza (ukukhipha lonke igatsha) uthola amandla kuwo wonke ama-canopy; anqunywe ikhanda noma i-topping ikhuthaza isitshalo esivuthiwe minyene futhi inamagatsha. Lawula ubudlelwano iqabunga/isithelo ukuze ungalahlekelwa yikhwalithi.
Izinhlobo zezihlahla zezithelo
- Ukwakha izihlahla: Kusukela ekutshalweni kanye neminyaka engu-3-4, isihlahla siqondiswa ezakhiweni ezifana Ingilazi, I-Pirámide, I-axis emaphakathi, Umhlanga o Izintambo ukuzuza inkomishi ekhanyayo futhi imelanaNgokwezinhlobo, okulandelayo kuvamile: itshe (ipentshisi, i-almond, iplamu) ku Umkhumbi noma i-eksisi; i-pome (i-apula, ipheya) ku; ezisawolintshi ku.
- Ukuhlanza izihlahla: ngonyaka. Hoxisa omile, ogulayo, ama-suckers neziphambano ezithiya ukukhanya nomoya.
- Ukuthena izithelo: ivuselela izinkuni eziphelile ukuze amagatsha amancane amukele ubisi oluningi futhi ulethe isivuno esilandelayo.
- Ukuvuselela/ukuvuselela ukuthena: ezihlahleni ezincipha ngokukhiqiza. Izindlela:
- I-Plywood: ifinyeza amagatsha kude nesiqu ishiya ≈1/3 yobude bawo, ngaphakathi iminyaka eminingana.
- Inqunywe ikhanda: isika ingxenye enkulu yomqhele, ngokufanelekile imikhankaso emibili ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka.
- Ukuvuselela ngokuxhunyelelwa: indawo ama-barbs ekusikeni kwamagatsha aminyene ukushintsha okuhlukahlukene noma ukuvuselela izindawo ezimpofu.
- Khumbula izinhlobo zezilwane: in isihlahla sepentshisi Ngokuvamile akufanelekile ukuvuselelwa; phakathi i-cherry ne-plum ukusikeka okuminyene kuyingozi.
Izakhiwo ezibalulekile zemifino kanye nezifunda
- Brindilla: igatsha elibuthakathaka (15-50 cm) elinamaqabunga emifino; uma igatsha elibulalayo lihluka libe yimbali, liba umqhele womqhele, kuthakazelisa kakhulu ku-nugget.
- i-pacifier: ukudubula okuqondile kanye enamandla kakhulu; uqhudelana ngobisi nomthunzi. Ilawulwa ngokuthena okuluhlaza noma ukutshekisa.
- Dart: kufushane kakhulu, ngokhuni lweminyaka eminingana; ingaguqukela ku ihlumela lembali futhi ubambe izithelo.
Ithiyori yokugeleza kwe-Sap: nge ubisi obudlulele, isihlahla sikhiqiza izinkuni futhi sibambezele ukuqhakaza; nge ukugeleza okufakwe kahle, ihlumela lokhuni liba umcibisholo bese kuba ihlumela lembali; nge kusilela, izitho ziyaqumba.
Izinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe lapho kuthenwa
- Susa kuqala omile, ophukile noma onesifo ukuhlanza.
- Mfushane amagatsha alenga noma ukungaqondi kahle, okulinganisa umqhele.
- Iphatha i- ama-pacifiers: ukucindezela noma ukutsheka; igcina i imiqumbe eyindilinga lokho kuzonika imbali.
- Phakathi kwamagatsha amabili ahambisanayo, shiya i- ibekwe kahle futhi iqeda ukungqubuzana.
- Yenza ukusikeka phakathi engela futhi uwavale ngawo aminyene ukuphilisa.
- Qeda ngokukhanya ihlumela ukulinganisa isakhiwo.
Amathuluzi anconyiwe nemikhuba ehamba phambili
- Bypass sikelo: ukusikeka okuhlanzekile okhunini oluluhlaza kanye nokugcinwa okuvamile.
- Izikele ze-anvil: inzuzo enkulu ye izinkuni ezomile.
- I-Chainsaw noma isikelo sikagesi: Emapulazini anezihlahla eziningi, zonga isikhathi.
- Ukuhlanzeka: bulala amagciwane lapho ushintsha izihlahla nge utshwala; lilola ukusikeka okuhlanzekile.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zihluthulelo - isikhathi esifanele, ukufundwa kwehlumela, ukusikeka okunembile nezinhlobo zokuthena ngokuya ngeminyaka nezinhlobo - kulula ukukugcina izihlahla ezilinganiselayo, enokukhanya okuhle kwangaphakathi kanye nenani leqabunga/lezithelo elisekelayo isivuno esivamile futhi esihlwabusayo.