La ukuhlakazwa kwembewu eNtabeni iTeide udlula enkathini ebucayi ngemva kwamakhulu eminyaka omthelela womuntu. Ukuhlaziywa kwakamuva kuveza ukuthi inethiwekhi evumela izitshalo ukuthi ziqoqe izikhala ezintsha futhi zinakekele ukuhlukahluka kofuzo buthaka ngokuphawulekayo, okufaka engozini ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo kwesimiso sezintaba eziphakeme.
Ngokophenyo olwenziwe ngu IPNA-CSIC eshicilelwe kumagazini I-Global Ecology and Conservation, ipaki ilahlekile eziyisikhombisa kweziyishumi izixhumanisi phakathi kwezilwane ezongayo kanye nezitshalo maqondana nesimo esingaba khona esakhiwe kabusha ngobufakazi kwezinye izindawo zokuhlala. Noma kunjalo, kukhona a umkhawulo obanzi wokuthola kabusha: Cishe u-90% wokusebenzelana okubambekayo kubandakanya izinhlobo ezisekhona.
Kwenzekani nge-scatternet
Ucwaningo luthola ukuthi namuhla ziphikelela kuphela 15 ukusebenzisana phakathi izinhlobo eziyisithupha zezitshalo y abayisikhombisa abahlakazayo, ngaphambi kwe 48 kulinganiselwa ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kwehla, okulingana nokulahlekelwa okulinganiselwe kwe 70%, okushiya inethiwekhi entekenteke kakhudlwana enamandla amancane okuphendula iziphazamiso.
Imbangela ewumsuka iyanqwabelana Iminyaka engu-2.000 yokucindezeleka komuntu: ukugawulwa nokushiswa kwehlathi lasendulo lomsedari, ukuxhashazwa ngokweqile kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala. Ngenxa yalokho, uhlelo lubonisa izimpawu ze ukusebenza okungaphelele, ngezinqubo ezibalulekile zemvelo zehlisiwe noma zehlisiwe.
Izinhlobo zamatshe angukhiye nama-disperers
Kulolu hlaka, i Umsedari waseCanary (Juniperus cedrus) ivela njengezinhlobo ezihlelayo: izithelo zayo zondla izinyoni nezibankwa kanye phindaphinda ukuxhumana kunethiwekhi yezemvelo, okwenza kube lula ukuthi imbewu ifinyelele ezindaweni ezintsha.
Namuhla, ukuhlakazeka okuningi kuwela kubadlali ababili abakhulu nabahambisanayo: the inyoni emnyama ene-white-capped (Turdus torquatus), enqumayo phakathi nobusika bayo ukuze ihambise imbewu kuyo indlela endefuthi i i-blight lizard (Gallotia galloti), ngempumelelo ku ibanga elifushaneLokhu kuncika kuma-dispersers ambalwa kwenza uhlelo lube sengozini kakhulu.
Ezinye izinyoni ezikwazi ukuhlakazeka, njenge common blackbird (Turdus merula) futhi i robin (Erithacus superbus), zinamuhla ayitholakali kakhulu epaki. Ukubuya kwabo njengabasakazi abaphumelelayo bekuyoncika ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo kanye nokubuyiswa komsedari.
Isimo se-flora siyakhathaza: ezine kweziyisithupha izinhlobo ezinezithelo ezinomzimba kwaTeide kukhona esatshiswa, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezihlala njalo ezifana i-benzomia ephezulu (I-Bencoma ikhishwa), the ukuziphatha kahle (I-Rhamnus integrifolia) kanye URosa Cañadas-Teydensis (I-Rosa cañadas-teydensis), ehlongozwa ochwepheshe bayo ukuhlukaniswa okusengozini enkulu.
Endabeni umsedari we-canary, abacwaningi baveza ukuthi bayasinda nxazonke Amakhophi we-1.250, abaningi ku amawa nezindawo okungangeneki kuzo, okwenza kube nzima imbewu ifinyelela kuma-microhabitats afanelekile ngaphandle kosizo lwabahlakazeki abaningi.
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokungalingani kwe-phenological
Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kwengeza ingozi eyengeziwe: ukungafani kwe-phenologicalUma i-fruiting yezitshalo ayihambisani ne ukuba khona kwabahlakazayo, ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo kuyehla lapho nje i-ecosystem ikudinga kakhulu.
Lesi simo sandisa amathuba okuthi ukuwohloka kokusebenza yenethiwekhi, ngendlela ye ukuqothulwa kwe-cascading yokusebenzelana, nakuba uhlobo ngalunye luqhubeka lukhona isikhathi esithile.
Yini engenziwa
Izincomo ziyahlangana buyisela umsedari, thuthukisa i ikhwalithi yendawo yokuhlala futhi uthuthukise ukuhlakazeka kwemvelo. Phakathi kwezenzo ezibalulekile yilezi: repopulations ngembewu amabhomu, ukwanda kwe imithombo yamanzi nge-frugivores kanye nokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwabantu bazo.
Ukuze kusheshiswe ukululama, kuhlongozwa thuthukisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-nuclei esitshalo kanye qinisa kwabahlakazayo bendabuko abasaphikelela, ukuze babuye xhuma inethiwekhi yokuxhumana esekela uhlelo.
Ababhali bagcizelela ukuthi uma izingcindezi ze-anthropogenic zehliswa futhi izinqubo zivuselelwa, zingalulama kuze kufike ezingeni. U-90% wokusebenzelana okungenzeka, njengoba ama-protagonists alezi zixhumanisi asekhona, nakuba ekuminyana okuphansi.
Ngokuhambisanayo, izinyathelo zokuphatha ziya phambili. Iphrojekthi ye ukubuyiswa komsedari eqhutshwa abaphathi (ngeGesplan) ngesabelomali se I-1.116.800 euro kanye nomkhathi wokwenza kuze kufike Februwari 2026, kuqondiswe ku buyisela izitshalo kanye nokuzinzisa imiphakathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe banxusa ukuthi kubuyekezwe ukusetshenziswa okwengeza ingcindezi - njengokuqinisekile imisebenzi yezemidlalo, lo ukufuywa kwezinyosi noma ukuthutheleka okuphezulu-ukuzilinganisa ne izinjongo zokongiwa kwemvelo weNational Park.
Ubufakazi butholakale kanjani
Ithimba elihlanganisiwe 2020–2021 amasampula kanye namarekhodi angaphambilini a ukwakhiwa kabusha kokusebenzelana okubonwa kwezinye izinhlelo, okukhiqiza inethiwekhi engaba khona ongaqhathanisa nayo yamanje. Imiphumela yashicilelwa ku I-Global Ecology and Conservation.
Iqiniso elikhuthazayo yilelo akukho ukushabalala okurekhodiwe zezitshalo ezinezithelo eziyinyama epaki, ezimele a iwindi lethuba ukwenza nge-margin, ubuyekeze ukuhlola futhi uhlanganise ukubuyisela ngaphambi kokufinyelela amaphuzu angenakubuyiswa.
Isithombe esijwayelekile sicacile: UTeide uyalondoloza i-wicker ukwakha kabusha inethiwekhi yayo yokusabalalisa uma i ihlathi lomsedari, abasabalalisi abakhulu njenge inyoni emnyama enekhanda elimhlophe futhi i isibankwa Tizon, kanye nezingcindezi osekuphele amakhulu eminyaka zicekela phansi isimiso sezinto eziphilayo ziyakhululeka.
