La ukunqunywa kwensangu Kungenye yezindlela ezihlukanisa isivuno esisebenza kahle nesingavamile ngempela. Akuphoqelekile ukuthi izitshalo ziqhakaze, kodwa uma zenziwe kahle, kwenza umehluko omkhulu... ukukhiqizwa, ikhwalithi yamahlumela kanye nokulawulwa kwesikhalaKodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukucacisa kahle ukuthi yini enqunywayo, nini, futhi ngayiphi injongo.
Kulo mhlahlandlela uzothola Lonke ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nendlela yokuthena insangu futhi niniKusukela ezintweni eziyisisekelo (okungafanele uthinte) kuya kumasu asetshenziswa kakhulu ngabalimi abangochwepheshe (i-apical topping, i-FIM, i-lollipop, i-LST, i-super cropping, i-pizzicato, i-main-lining, i-defoliation, njll.). Sizobona futhi Amaphutha ajwayelekile, amathuluzi, inhlanzeko kanye nokunakekelwa kwangemva kokuhlinzwaukuze ungabulali isitshalo ngenxa yentshiseko.
Kuyini ukunqunywa kwensangu futhi kusetshenziselwani?
Uma sikhuluma ngokusika, sibhekisela ku- susa izingxenye zesitshalo ngokukhetha (amagatsha, ama-tip, amahlumela athile, noma, ngezindlela ezithile, amaqabunga athile) ukuze kuqondiswe amandla lapho edingeka khona kakhulu. Insangu, uma ishiywa izenzela yona, ivame ukwakheka i-cola enkulu ephakathi kanye namagatsha amaningi esibili anamahlumela axegayo, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni engezansi, lapho kufinyelela khona ukukhanya okuncane.
Ngokusika okucatshangelwe kahle, siqinisekisa ukuthi isitshalo sebenzisa kangcono ukukhanya nezakhamzimbanokuthi esikhundleni sokusakaza amandla ehlathini lamagatsha abuthakathaka, igxila ku amahlumela akhanyiswa kangconoi-resin eningi, iyafana futhi kulula ukuyilungisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivumela:
- Lawula ukuphakama nesimo, into elula ngaphakathi namabhalkhoni angabonakali.
- Thuthukisa ukungena komoya futhi kunciphisa ingozi yesikhunta njenge-botrytis noma i-powdery mildew.
- Gwema amahlumela amancane nangakavuthwa ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona ukukhanya.
- Ukufihla izitshalo zangaphandleokwenza zibe zimfushane futhi zibe matasa kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, ukusika ngakunye kuyingozi encane. Ukuthena okungafanele noma okungafaneleki kungabangela Ukucindezeleka okukhulu, ukuqhakaza okuvinjelwe, isakhiwo esibuthakathaka noma ngisho nokonakalisa isivuno. Yingakho kubaluleke kangaka ukuhlonipha imithetho ethile eyisisekelo.
Isikhathi sokusika insangu (nokuthi nini ukungayithinti)
Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu njengobuchwepheshe. Umthetho ojwayelekile ucacile: Ukuthena okuningi kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhula, lapho isitshalo sikhula sibe nesakhiwo sezitshalo futhi singakaqali ukuqhakaza ngokugcwele.
Ngokwezinto ezingokoqobo, kuyalulekwa ukukhumbula la maphuzu okubhekisela kuwo ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele:
- Ukuphakama okuncane kanye nentuthuko: Kunconywa ukuthi isitshalo sibe okungenani nezimbalwa Ukuphakama okungu-30 cm kanye namafindo amaningana akhiwe kahle (Izitezi ezingu-4-7 zamagatsha aseceleni, kuye ngokuthi inqubo injani) ngaphambi kokusika kakhulu.
- Ingaphakathi: Into evame kakhulu ukuthena cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ngaphambili shintshela ku-12/12, okushiya isikhala sokuba isitshalo siphinde silulame futhi sichaze amathiphu aso amasha.
- Ingaphandle: Into enengqondo okufanele uyenze ukuthena ngaphambi kokuba ihlobo liqale enyakatho yezwe (ekupheleni kukaJuni, ekuqaleni kukaJulayi) noma okulingana nayo eningizimu (phakathi noDisemba, cishe).
- Okuhlukile ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza: Ema-sativa aqhakaza sekwephuzile kakhulu, kungenziwa ukuthena okulula. kuze kube yisonto lesibili kuya kwelesithathu lokuqhakaza kwezimbaliKodwa kuphela uma wazi ukuthi wenzani.
Mayelana ne ukuthena ngesikhathi sokuqhakazaKunconywa ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu. Ukusika amagatsha phakathi nalesi sigaba kudala ukucindezeleka okungadingekile lapho nje isitshalo sigxile ekwakheni izimbali. Okungenziwa yilokhu:
- Una ukuthena okuncane emasontweni okuqala angu-1-2 okuqhakaza (amaviki ama-3 aphezulu kuma-sativa).
- Susa amaqabunga afile, agulayo noma abolile ngokuphelele nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
- Sebenzisa amasu athile njenge-lollipop noma ukususa amahlamvu, kodwa ngokucophelela futhi ngaphakathi kwefasitela elifanele.
Into abantu abaningi abayikhohlwayo: izithombo nezitshalo eziqhakaza ngokuzenzakalela. izitshalo ezisanda kuhluma Ungacabangi ngisho nokuzithinta; zidinga ukuthuthukisa amafindo amahlanu kanye nesistimu yezimpande enhle ngaphambi kokuthi ucabange nokuthena. i-autoflowering, enomjikelezo omfushane kangaka (amasonto ama-3-5 okukhula kanye namasonto ama-5-7 okuqhakaza), Ngokuvamile abazuzi ngokusika ngobudlovaUkucindezeleka kuyabakhathaza, futhi uvame ukulahlekelwa okungaphezu kwalokho okuzuzayo.
Okungafanele ukunqunye: ukubaluleka kwamaqabunga
Elinye lamaphutha avamile ukucabanga ukuthi Ukususa amaqabunga amakhulu kwandisa ukukhanya okufinyelela amahlumela ngakho-ke ukukhiqiza. Umqondo ubonakala uzwakala kahle, kodwa empeleni kuphambene nalokho: amaqabunga ayiwona amaphaneli elanga yesitshalo kanye nendawo yaso yokugcina impahla eyinhloko.
I-Photosynthesis yenzeka emaqabunga, lapho izakhamzimba zigcinwa khona ngezikhathi zokuntuleka. Uma usebenza e ukukha amaqabunga anempilo, amakhulu noma amancaneUnqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla okudla nawo lawo mahlumela ofuna ukuwakhulisa. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuwasusa ukuthi:
- Kushiya ifile ngokuphelele noma insundu.
- Amaqabunga onakele kakhulu yizinambuzane noma izifo.
- Amanye amaqabunga athile asetshenziswa ezindleleni ezifana nokususa amahlamvu, elandela imigomo ecacile, hhayi ngokungahleliwe.
Ngisho namaqabunga aphuzi asebenza kancane, ezimweni eziningi, abonisa ukuthi isitshalo... ukuzithulula izakhamzimba. Uma uzisusa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, uziphuca leso sabelo. Yingakho into ehlakaniphile okufanele uyenze Sika amagatsha angakhiqizi nezindawo ezingenakukhanya.futhi bahloniphe ngangokunokwenzeka amaqabunga anempilo, ikakhulukazi lawo angaphezulu, lapho kugxilwe khona umkhiqizo onamandla kakhulu.
Amathuluzi nokulungiswa ngaphambi kokuthena
Ukuze uchebe kahle, awudingi ukusetha igumbi lokuhlinza, kodwa udinga ukuba nalo. amathuluzi amahle abukhali futhi ahlanzekileIthuluzi elingasebenzi kahle noma elingcolile lingadabula izicubu, lenze kube lula ukutheleleka, futhi landise ukucindezeleka kwezitshalo.
Izisekelo okufanele ube nazo yilezi:
- Ukuthena noma ukukhanda izikele yekhwalithi (uhlobo lwe-bonsai, iphuzu elincane, eligobile noma eliqondile, ngokwendlela othanda ngayo).
- I-Scalpel noma i-cutter ukuze kuthenwe kahle kakhulu (i-apical, i-FIM, amahlumela amancane).
- Utshwala (i-isopropyl noma efanayo) ukuze kubulawe amagciwane ngaphambi nangemva kokusetshenziswa.
- Amagilavu izinto ezilahlwayo ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwamagciwane kusuka kwesinye isitshalo kuya kwesinye.
- Izigxobo, izintambo ezimboziwe, noma izintambo ngamasu okugoqa (i-LST, ukunqampuna kakhulu, ukufaka uthango oluyinhloko).
- Itheyiphu kagesi, i-duct tape, noma i-packing tape ukulungisa amagatsha aphukayo uma egobile.
- Uma kunqunywa ngaphandle noma kukhulu, unama unama noma ngisho nekhandlela lokunamathisela izingodo ezijiyile.
Ngaphambi kokuthi siqale, kufanelekile... disinfect amathuluzi Hlanza indawo yokusebenza ngotshwala futhi ucacise ukuthi uzosika amagatsha aphi. Ukwenza izinto ezintsha usebenzisa izikere ngesandla kuvame ukuholela enhlekeleleni. ukuthena ngokweqile kanye nezitshalo ezingenalutho.
Izindlela zokuthena nokuqeqesha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu
Kukhona izindlela eziningi zokuguqula isitshalo sibe yindawo, izakhi zofuzo zaso, kanye nemigomo yakho. Ezinye zihilela ukusika okuqondile (ukuzisika) kanti abanye bangcono ukuqeqeshwa okuphindwe kabili noma ukuncinza, okushintsha ukusatshalaliswa kwama-hormone okukhula ngaphandle kokudabula izicubu.
Ukuthena kwe-apical (Ukufaka phezulu)
Ukuthena kwe-apical kungenye yezindlela ezilula nezisakazeke kakhulu. Kuqukethe nquma ihlumela eliyi-apicalOkusho ukuthi, isihloko esiyinhloko sesitshalo. Leli hlumela ligxila ama-auxin amaningi, ama-hormone abangela ukuthi isiqu esiyinhloko sibuse phezu kwamagatsha aseceleni.
Ngokususa leso sihloko, isitshalo sisabalalisa ama-hormone emagatsheni esibili futhi Amaphuzu amabili ayinhloko avela ngesimo sika-“V”, kusukela efindweni lapho sinquma khona. Lokhu kusenza sikwazi ukufeza:
- Lawula ukuphakama, into ebalulekile ngaphakathi nakuma-balcony.
- Thola esinye isitshalo izihlahla ezinamaqabunga futhi ezinamagatsha.
- Lungisa isakhiwo kahle kakhulu ukuze sitshalwe I-SCROG (Isikrini Sokuhlaza).
- Fihla izitshalo ezinde zangaphandle ngokuzenza banzi futhi baphansi.
Umkhuba ojwayelekile ukwenza ukuthena kwe-apical kusukela ku-node yesithathu (okungakaze kwenzeke ngaphambili), lapho isitshalo sesikhule ngokugcwele. Ngaphakathi, lokhu kungenziwa phakathi komugqa wesithathu nowesihlanu wamagatsha aseceleni, kuye ngokuphakama kokugcina okufiswayo; ngaphandle, kuze kube maphakathi/ekupheleni kukaJuni enyakatho yezwe. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ayinawo umsebenzi we-apicalUzonciphisa umkhiqizo kuphela futhi ngeke usebenzise izinzuzo zawo.
Ukuthena i-FIM
Indlela ye-FIM yavela ngephutha ngesikhathi izama ukususa ihlumela eliyi-apical. Esikhundleni sokusika lonke ihlumela, kwasala ingxenye. Yingakho igama lesiNgisi elithi, "Fuck, I missed." Kule ndlela Ihlumela eliyi-apical alisuswanga ngokuphelelekodwa iqeda cishe phakathi kuka-70 no-80-90% wesikhathi esiphezulukusale insalela encane.
Uma kwenziwa kahle, lokho kusika kungaveza Amahlumela amakhulu angu-4, 5 noma ngisho angu-6-7 zisondelene kakhulu. Kuyindlela yokwandisa inani lemisila ngaphandle kokudinga izitshalo eziningi kangaka futhi ngaphandle kokuthena njalo.
I-FIM isetshenziswa ku- ukukhula, ngokuvamile lapho isitshalo siphakathi Amafindo angu-4 no-7Kuyindlela esetshenziswa kabanzi ku:
- izindawo zokusika zokusika, njengoba ikhiqiza izindawo eziningi zokusika zokusika.
- Ngaphandle, endaweni yesithathu yesitshalo sesizini, ukuthola Amehlo aphakathi angu-5-6 kusakazwe kahle.
- Izitshalo lapho uthanda khona mboza indawo ngezitshalo ezimbalwa.
Ngaphakathi endlini, kufanele uqaphele: amehlo amaningi kakhulu asondelene kakhulu angenza shade futhi uncintisaneLokhu kungenza kube nzima ukuqhakaza kwezimbali uma isikhala sincane. Kunoma ikuphi, ihlumela kufanele linqunywe. ithuluzi elibukhali kakhulu nelihlanjululwe amagciwane ukugwema amanxeba angajwayelekile.
Ukuthena i-Lollipop noma ukuthena okulenga kancane
Ukuthena i-Lollipop kugxile emphumeleni ophambene: esikhundleni sokuthinta isihloko, susa amagatsha aphansi futhi angakhiqiziigxilisa amandla ayo phezulu. Lesi sitshalo sigcina sifana ne-lollipop: isiqu esingenalutho ngezansi kanye nomqhele ogcwele amahlumela ngaphezulu.
Le ndlela isekelwe eqinisweni lanoma yisiphi isitshalo: amahlumela angaphansi, ngaphandle kokukhanya okuqondile, avame ukuba encane, ethambile futhi esezingeni eliphansiUkususa lawo magatsha kusinika:
- Amahlumela aphezulu amakhulu futhi afanayo.
- Ukujikeleza komoya okungcono ngokusebenzisa ingxenye engezansi yesitshalo.
- Ingozi encane yesikhunta nezinambuzane “ehlathini” elingezansi.
- Umsebenzi omncane we-manicure ngamahlumela amancane ahlekisayo.
Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngaphakathi ukuphela kokukhula noma ngaphambi nje kokuqhakazaNgaphakathi, abalimi abaningi bahlanza kusukela phansi kuya eziqongweni kuphela ifindo elilodwa noma amabili aphezuluIkakhulukazi ku-SOG (uLwandle Oluluhlaza). Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, akukhuthazwa ukudlala ngezitshalo ze-lollipop ngemuva kwesigaba sokuqala. ngesonto lesibili (okwesithathu njengomkhawulo kuma-sativa), ukuze kunganciphisi ukukhiqizwa noma kudale ukucindezeleka sekwephuzile.
I-LST (Ukuqeqeshwa Kwengcindezi Ephansi)
I-LST akuyona indlela evamile yokuthena, ngoba Akubandakanyi ukusika noma yini.Luhlelo lokuqeqesha oluthambile olusekelwe ku- goba futhi uqondise amagatsha ngezintambo, izintambo ezimboziwe noma izingwegwe ukuze zikhule ziqonde phezulu kunokuma phezulu.
Ngokugoba amagatsha aphezulu namakhulu, lesi sitshalo sisabalalisa ama-hormone okukhula ngempumelelo enkulu, futhi amahlumela amaningi afinyelela ukuphakama okufanayoukudala uhlobo "lwekhaphethi" lwemisila. Izinzuzo zayo zicacile:
- Kusebenzisa kangcono ukukhanya ezitshalweni zangaphakathi.
- Kutholakala isitshalo ephansi, ebanzi futhi eyimfihlo ngaphandle.
- Ukucindezeleka kuyancipha uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthena ngobudlova.
- Ilungele ukutshalwa emakamelweni amancane noma ukukhanya okulinganiselwe.
I-LST ingaqalwa kusenesikhathi kakhulu, esontweni lokuqala noma lesibili lokukhulaKuye ngokuthi izakhi zofuzo zi-indica (isakhiwo esiqinile) noma i-sativa (ende kakhulu). Ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswa ne-topping (noma i-FIM) ukuze kwandiswe amathiphu bese kuba zisakaze ngokuvundlileikakhulukazi kumasu ohlobo lwe-SCROG.
Ukutshala Okukhulu
Ukusika kakhulu kuyindlela elawulwayo yokucindezela okuphezulu lapho Zigoba iziqu kuze kube yilapho imicu yangaphakathi iqhekeka.kodwa ngaphandle kokuphula isikhumba sangaphandle. Umqondo uwukuthi lo monakalo olawulwayo uzobangela impendulo yokuqinisa izitshaloukuqinisa isiqu nokuqondisa kabusha ama-hormone.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, bamba igatsha phakathi kweminwe yakho (isithupha nomunwe wokukhomba) bese Cindezela uze uzizwe i-fiber iphumaukugoba igatsha ngendlela oyifunayo. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kwakheka "i-callus" endaweni egobile, isiqu siba namandla kakhulu, futhi:
- Ukuphakama kulawulwa amagatsha aqhuma ebheke esibanini.
- I-A iyakhuthazwa ukukhula okuvundlile okwengeziwe.
- Amahlumela akulelo gatsha avame ukwenza thola isisindo esengeziwe.
- Umuntu uthola isakhiwo sezimbali esifanayo kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukungaliphuli igxolo. Uma ulwelwesi lwangaphandle luvuleka, igatsha lingase ukufa ngokupheleleUma lokhu kwenzeka, ingasongwa ngetheyiphu kagesi ukuze isize ekushiseni, kodwa ayisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa lapho isitshalo sinakho okungenani izitezi ezine zamafindo, kokubili esiqwini esiyinhloko nasemagatsheni aqinile aseceleni.
I-pizzicato noma ukuncinza ingxenye
Indlela ye-pizzicato iqukethe: cindezela kancane ihlumela eliphakathi Sebenzisa iminwe yakho ukuze ubambe igatsha, ngaphandle kokulisika noma ukugoba lonke isiqu njengasekunqamuleni okukhulu. Umgomo uwukubamba igatsha, ngaphandle kokulisika noma ukuligoba lonke. ukuvimba okwesikhashana ukukhula okuqondile kusukela kuleyo ndawo ukuze amagatsha aseceleni athole amandla.
Umphumela obonakalayo ukuthi amaqabunga amasha avela endaweni ecindezelwe angase abe ukukhubazeka kwesikhashanaKodwa-ke, ingxenye esele yesitshalo iyaqhubeka nokukhula ngendlela evamile. Lapho indawo ethintekile isilulama, amaqabunga alandelayo avela ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Isetshenziswa ku ukukhula, lapho isitshalo sinezinye Izigaba ezingu-3-4 zamagatsha aseceleniLe nqubo ingenziwa ehlumeni eliphakathi kanye nanoma yimaphi amagatsha aseceleni adinga ukubhekwa. Kunconywa ukuba nezandla ezihlanzekile noma ugqoke amagilavu, njengoba ulimaza izicubu eziphilayo futhi awufuni ukungenisa amagciwane.
I-Main-lining
ukubopha uthango oluyinhloko kuyindlela yokwenza ukuqeqeshwa okujulile okuhlanganisa ukuthena, ukugoba, kanye nokulingana kwemigqa. Inhloso ukudala isakhiwo esinomumo ofana no-Y esilinganiswe kahle, lapho kuvela khona amagatsha amakhulu amaningana afanayo.
Inqubo evamile ihlanganisa:
- Yenza a i-apical yasekuqaleni kusale amagatsha amabili aphikisanayo.
- Qondisa lawo magatsha amabili ngokuvundlile nangokuphakama okufanayo.
- Phinda imisebenzi yokuthena nokuqondisa ukuze igatsha ngalinye eliyinhloko lihlukane kabili, njalo njalo.
Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imigqa eyinhloko ithola ukukhanya okufanayo nezakhamzimba, yini okuhumusha amahlumela afanayo ngobukhulu nangekhwalithiKuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu kodwa edinga umzamo: noma yikuphi ukusika okungakahlelwanga kahle noma isikhathi esingabalwanga kahle kungabambezela isivuno noma kulimaze isitshalo.
Ukwehliswa kwegama
Ukususa i-defoliation kuyindlela ephikisanayo ngoba, ngokungafani nazo zonke zangaphambilini, Igxile ekususeni amaqabunga (ngokuvamile ezinkulu nezindala kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezansi nasezindaweni eziminyene kakhulu) ukuthuthukisa ukungena kokukhanya kanye nokugeleza komoya.
Uma kwenziwa ngokwahlulela okuhle, kungasiza:
- Nciphisa izikhwama zomswakama ezitshalweni ezinamahlamvu amaningi.
- Vumela ukukhanya kufinyelele amahlumela esibili lokho bekuyohlala ebumnyameni.
- Nciphisa ingozi isikhunta kanye nezinambuzane ezindaweni ezivalekile kakhulu.
Nokho, kuyindlela nolaka Akukhuthazwa wonke umuntu. Kumele kusetshenziswe ezitshalweni ezinempilo kakhulu, ngezikhathi ezithile (ngokuvamile ngaphambi kokuqala kokuqhakaza futhi, uma kuphinde kwenzeka, kusenesikhathi kulesi sigaba). Ukuchezuka ngokweqile kungadala yehlisa ijubane le-photosynthesis futhi kudale ukucindezeleka okungadingekile.
Ukukhula ngaphakathi nangaphandle: indlela yokulungisa ukuthena
Indawo yokukhulisa ithonya kakhulu ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokuthena ezizuzisa kakhulu. Akufani. ikhabethe elingu-1 m² ngokugxila okungu-30-40 cm ukusuka esicongweni ingadi yangaphandle enelanga lapho isitshalo singaba yisilo esingamamitha amabili uma usivumela.
Indlela yokunquma insangu endlini
Ngaphakathi, okubalulekile yi- ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya okwenziwayo kanye nomkhawulo wokuphakama. Ngakho-ke, amasu asetshenziswa kakhulu yile:
- I-Apical kanye ne-FIM ukuphindaphinda izihloko nokunciphisa uphahla.
- I-LST, i-SCROG kanye nokusika kakhulu ukugcina ukuphakama okulawulwayo nokwelula amagatsha ngokuvundlile.
- Lollipop kunamandla kangangokuthi kuvele amahlumela akhanya kahle kuphela.
Ezindaweni eziningi ezikhula ngaphakathi endlini, kusukela ngosuku lwe-15-18 ngemva kokuhluma (lapho kuvela ama-pistil okuqala futhi isitshalo siqala ukwelula ngempela), sekuyisikhathi sokuthi nquma ukuthena okulenga phansiAmagatsha ahlala emthunzini ayasuswa, kushiye cishe ingxenye ephakathi nendawo kanye nengxenye eyodwa noma ezimbili eziphakeme.
Uma uhlelo lokunisela noma lokufaka umanyolo lwanele, kuyalulekwa futhi Susa amagatsha amancane, abuthakathaka, noma anombala onzimaukuze isitshalo singachithi izinsiza. Ematendeni okukhulisa izitshalo, ukusetshenziswa [kwento ethile] kuvame ukuba yinto ebalulekile. abafundisi Ngoba njengoba izitshalo zikhula isikhathi eside, iziqu zazo zingaba zincane kakhulu ukuba zingasekeli isisindo sehlumela eliphakathi. Ngezisekeli, isitshalo singanikela ngezinsiza zaso... izimbali ezikhuluphalisiweyo esikhundleni sokuqinisa iziqu.
Indlela yokunquma insangu ngaphandle
Ngaphandle, inkinga ayivamile ukuntuleka kokukhanya; ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kanye nenhlabathi ecebile, izitshalo zivame ukuchuma. yelula kakhulu futhi usakazeke ngokukhululekileLapha, ukuthena kusetshenziselwa:
- Iqukethe ukuphakama (omakhelwane abanelukuluku lokwazi, amathala angabonakali, izingadi ezibonakalayo).
- Khulisa ukwakheka kwamagatsha futhi uthole imisila eminingi ephakathi nendawo esikhundleni seklabhu eyodwa enkulu.
- Gwema amahlumela amakhulu okuyimagnethi e-botrytis ezindaweni ezimanzi zangaphandle.
Isu elivame ukusetshenziswa ukwenza ihlumela eliyi-apical lokuqala elivela kwi-node yesithathuukushiya amagatsha amathathu esiqwini, noma ukuphinda ukuthena izikhathi eziningana kulo lonke umjikelezo wokukhula. Uma uthena ngokushesha futhi kaningi (ngaphakathi komkhawulo ofanele), kulapho kukhulu khona amagatsha ayinhloko nalinganayo ziyatholakala.
Uma kukhona ukunqunywa okukhulu okusele esiqwini, kuyanconywa vala inxeba nge-paste yokuphulukisa Noma, uma lokho kungenzeki, ngekhandlela, ukuvimbela ukungcola, umswakama, noma izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ukuthi zingangeni. Kungumkhuba omuhle futhi ukuya ukususa amagatsha ajule kakhulu ngaphakathi kwesitshaloemthunzini ohlala njalo, bese ufaka okunye isikhuthazi sokulwa nokucindezeleka ngemva kokuthena kakhulu.
Ngaphandle, inganqunywa izikhathi eziningana phakathi nokukhula kwayo (ukunqunywa okulandelanayo okungu-5-7, kuye ngosuku lokutshala kanye nofuzo). Umphumela ngokuvamile kuba isitshalo mfushane, inamagatsha amaningi, futhi anamahlumela amancane kodwa afanayo kakhulu, ngengozi encane yokukhunta ezimbalini ezinkulu.
Ukuhlanzeka, ukuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo lapho kuthenwa
Ukunqunywa ngakunye kuvula umnyango ongaba khona isikhunta, amabhaktheriya kanye izinambuzaneImikhuba emihle yokuthena ayithuthukisi nje kuphela umkhiqizo, kodwa futhi iyingxenye yokuvimbela impilo eyisisekelo ekulimeni.
Ukuze izinto zilawulwe, kuyalulekwa ukulandela le mithetho:
- Amathuluzi okubulala amagciwane ngaphambi nangemva kweseshini ngayinye (i-isopropyl alcohol, i-bleach exutshwe, njll.).
- Usar amagilavu alahlwayo uma usebenza nezitshalo eziningana noma nezinhlobo ezinesifo.
- Gwema ukuthinta ngqo amanxeba ngezandla.
- Susa futhi ulahle kahle udoti wokuthena, ungazishiyi zilele phansi.
- Gcina isivuno icocekile futhi ihlanzekile, ngaphandle kwamachibi noma izinto eziphilayo ezibolayo.
Isitshalo esinqunywe kahle futhi esinomoya omuhle sinayo ukugeleza komoya okuthuthukisiwe kanye nezindawo ezimbalwa zomswakama ezifileLokhu kunciphisa ukubonakala kwesikhunta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukususa amaqabunga agulayo noma amagatsha ahlaselwe yilesi sifo kuvimbela ukusabalala okwengeziwe. ukusabalala kokutheleleka kuso sonke isitshalo noma ngisho naso sonke isivuno.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo ngemva kokuthena
Ngemva kweseshini yokuthena, noma ngabe kulula kangakanani, isitshalo singena esigabeni sokukhula ukululama kanye nokuhlela kabushaNgalezo zinsuku kungumqondo omuhle ukumnakekela kancane futhi ungamcindezeli ngaphezu kwalokho okudingekayo.
Amanye amathiphu ayisisekelo esikhathi esihle sangemva kokuhlinzwa:
- Ungenzi ezinye izinguquko ezisheshayo (ukufakelwa izitshalo, izinguquko ekugxileni, ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwesimo sezulu) ngokushesha ngemva kokuthena.
- bheka isitshalo phakathi nezinsuku ezilandelayo ukuze kutholakale ukwehla okungavamile, izifo, noma ukukhula okukhubazekile.
- Gcina izinga lokushisa elizinzile, umswakama kanye nokukhanya, ngaphandle kokweqisa.
- Amanzi kancaneUngamcwilisi nje kuphela uma echitha amandla ephulukisa.
Kwezinye izimo kuyasiza ukusekela ukululama ngemikhiqizo ethile:
- Izikhuthazi zezimpandeokusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukumuncwa kwamanzi nezakhamzimba.
- Umanyolo ocebile nge-nitrogen ngesikhathi sokukhula, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kabusha kwamaqabunga namagatsha.
- Ama-hormone okukhula (ama-auxin, ama-gibberellins) ezindleleni zokuhweba, njalo ngokulinganisela.
- Ama-enzyme complexes ezisiza ekuboleni izimpande ezifile kanye nezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ku-substrate.
Ezitshalweni ezidinga imali eningi, abalimi abaningi nabo bafaka isicelo Amavithamini kanye nama-biostimulants okulwa nokucindezeleka ngemva kokuthena kakhulu noma ukugoba okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle noma ngofuzo olubucayi.
Ungasithena kangaki isitshalo sensangu?
Noma ngabe ukuthena kungaba kuhle kangakanani ekukhiqizeni, isitshalo asenziwe ngerabha. Ukuthena kakhulu noma kaningi kakhulu Kungabangela ukucindezeleka okungapheli kanye nokukhula kokuvimba.
Ngokuvamile, esitshalweni esincike esikhathini sokukhanya esikhule ngokuthula, umuntu angenza phakathi Ukunqunywa okukhulu okubili nokuthathu ngesikhathi sokukhula (i-apical/FIM + eyakhiwe yi-bass, isibonelo) ihlala ishiya isikhathi esanele phakathi komunye nomunye ukuze isitshalo siphinde sikhule futhi siqhubeke sikhula ngamandla.
Ukuthena izithombo (ukususa amagatsha axegayo noma amaqabunga alimele kabi) kungenziwa uma kudingeka, kodwa njalo ngomqondo wokuthi Ungasusi amaqabunga esitshalweniFuthi khumbula: ezimotweni, ngaphandle kokuthinta okuncane noma i-LST ethambile kakhulu, Uma kuncishiswa ukuthena, kungcono..
Kwenzekani uma ukunqunywa kwenziwa ngendlela engafanele?
Umbuzo obiza izigidi zamaRandi: kwenzekani uma usika kakhulu noma lapho kungafanele khona? Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu ngokusika okungahleliwe kahle yilezi:
- Ukucindezeleka ngokweqile, lapho ukukhula kumile izinsuku noma amasonto.
- Ukuqhakaza okulibazisekile noma amahlumela angaqini kahle.
- Isakhiwo esibuthakathakangamagatsha angakwazi ukusekela isisindo futhi agobe noma aphuke.
- Ukuthambekela okukhulu kwezinambuzane kanye nesikhunta uma amanxeba ehlala evulekile ngaphandle kokuvala kahle.
Uma umonakalo usuvele wenziwe, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza yeka, ungaqhubeki nokusika futhi ugxile ekusizeni isitshalo ukuthi silulame: isimo sezulu esihle, ukuchelela okulawulwayo, isikhuthazi sezimpande, futhi, uma amagatsha ephukile, zihlukanise ngetheyiphu Uma kusekhona uketshezi olugeleza. Insangu iqine kakhulu kunalokho ebonakala ngakho futhi ivame ukuphola uma ungagxili ephutheni.
Ngamafuphi, ukuthena insangu kuyithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu ukuqondisa ukukhula, ukuvumelanisa isitshalo nendawo, kanye nokuthuthukisa inani kanye nekhwalithi yamahlumelaUma nje isikhathi sazo sihlonishwa, kusetshenziswa amasu afanele, futhi isitshalo sisekelwa ngaphambi nangemva kokusikwa ngakunye, ngokuzijwayeza okuncane, izitshalo zakho zizosabela ngezakhiwo ezivumelana kakhudlwana, izimbali ezifanayo, kanye nesitshalo esilula kakhulu ukusiphatha.
