El quince Ungesinye salezo zihlahla zezithelo ezigqamisa ingadi ngenxa yamahlamvu ayo amaningi nezimbali ezinhle, kanye nesithelo sayo esimnandi, iquince, esaziswa kakhulu kuyi-Spanish gastronomy. Kungase kungabi isihlahla sezithelo esivame kakhulu, kodwa noma ubani ositshalayo uyazi ukuthi zimbalwa izinto ezanelisa ukwedlula ukuvuna izithelo zaso ekwindla. Nokho, ukuze ujabulele quinces inala futhi enempilo unyaka nonyaka, the ukuthena okufanele kwesihlahla kubalulekile. Yilapho abalimi abaningi bebuza khona umbuzo omkhulu: indlela yokuthena i-quince ukuze kwandiswe ukukhiqizwa nokuqinisekisa impilo yesihlahla?
Sethula kuwe a umhlahlandlela onemininingwane futhi osebenzayo mayelana nokuthi nini, kanjani, futhi yimaphi amathuluzi ongawasebenzisa ukuthena izihlahla zequince, izinhlobo zokuthena kuye ngeminyaka yesihlahla, amaphutha okufanele uwagweme, kanye namathiphu okunakekela isihlahla sakho sequince nokusebenzisa ngokugcwele inkathi ngayinye.
Kungani kubalulekile ukuthena izihlahla zequince?
La ukuthenwa kwe-quince Akuwona nje umsebenzi wezolimo wendabuko, kodwa umsebenzi obalulekile ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthuka kwayo, ukwenza ngcono inani kanye nekhwalithi yesivuno futhi andise ukuphila okuwusizo kwalesi sihlahla sezithelo esiyigugu. Isihlahla se-quince esinakekelwa kahle asigcini nje ngokwenza ukuvuna kube lula, kodwa futhi sikhiqiza isithelo esikhulu, esimnandi, nesiphunga elimnandi futhi sinciphisa izigameko zezinambuzane nezifo. Ngakho-ke, ukuthena kufanele kube yingxenye yesimiso sanoma yimuphi umthandi wengadi noma uchwepheshe, njalo uvumelane nezici nezidingo zesihlahla ngasinye.
Okusemqoka izinhloso zokuthena izihlahla zequince Yilezi:
- Lawula futhi uqondise ukuthuthukiswa kwesihlahla, ukunquma ifomu elilinganiselwe nelihlelekile elenza kube lula ukufinyelela ekukhanyeni nasemoyeni.
- Thuthukisa kokubili ubuningi kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo, ukukhuthaza ukusatshalaliswa okufanele kobisi namandla esihlahla.
- Gqugquzela ukukhanya kwelanga nokungena komoya enkomishini nangaphakathi ukuvikela izifo.
- Susa amagatsha amadala, omile, aphukile noma anesifo, ezingafukamela izinambuzane noma zinciphise ubungqabavu besihlahla sequince.
Isikhathi esihle sokuthena isihlahla sequince
Elinye lamaphuzu abalulekile okuthena ngempumelelo yi khetha umzuzu ofanele. Isihlahla sequince, njengezihlahla eziningi zezithelo, sizwela kakhulu kungqoqwane kanye nokushintsha kokushisa okungazelelwe ngemva kokuthenwa. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthena isihlahla se-quince ngasekupheleni kwebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga amasha aqale ukuhluma futhi uma nje ingekho ingozi yesithwathwa.
Ezindaweni ezinobusika obupholile, ukuthena kungenziwa ngisho nasekwindla, kusetshenziswe ngokunenzuzo isikhathi sokuphumula se-vegetative yesihlahla, lapho ingasebenzi kancane. Lokhu kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa uketshezi futhi kusiza izilonda ziphole kangcono.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthena okuluhlaza (lighter) kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Le nqubo isiza ukulawula ukukhula kwehlobo nokulawula amahlumela angafuneki lapho isihlahla sikhula ngokugcwele. Iwusizo kakhulu ekugcineni isimo kanye nempilo yesihlahla sequince phakathi kokuthenwa okujulile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele.
Amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze kuthenwe isihlahla sequince ngendlela efanele
Kubalulekile ukuba nakho amathuluzi okuthena afanelekile futhi isesimweni esihle, njengoba ukusikeka okuhlanzekile kusiza ukuvimbela izifo futhi kube lula ukululama kwesihlahla ngokushesha. Okokusebenza kuzoncika ngokwengxenye kusayizi kanye neminyaka yesifanekiso:
- Izikele zokuthena zesandla esisodwa: Kumagatsha amancane neziqu, alungele ukuqeqesha ukuthena noma ukuthena okuluhlaza.
- Izikele zezandla ezimbili: Kudingekile ukusika amagatsha ububanzi obukhulu (kufika ku-5 cm).
- Ukuthena isaha: Uma amagatsha aminyene (5 kuya ku-20 cm) edinga ukususwa.
- Chainsaw: Kudingeka kuphela ezihlahleni ezinkulu kakhulu zequince kanye nasekusikeni iziqu ezinkulu kuno-20 cm.
- I-pole pruner: Ngesibambo se-telescopic ukufinyelela amagatsha aphakeme ngaphandle kokuthi ukhuphukele kude kakhulu.
- Iladi elizinzile: Njalo ngokuqapha, ungalokothi udlule esinyathelweni sokugcina nokugcina ibhalansi.
- imishini yokuphepha: Amagilavu esindayo, izingubo zamehlo ezivikelayo nezicathulo ezifanele ukugwema izingozi.
Ungakhohlwa disinfect amathuluzi ngaphambi kokuthena ngakunye ukuvimbela ukudluliswa kwezifo nesikhunta phakathi kwezihlahla.
Izinhlobo zokuthena iquince ngokweminyaka nangenhloso
Isu lokuthena liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isihlahla sequince sikhona yini osemncane o maduro, kanye nezinjongo zezolimo (ukuqeqeshwa, ukukhiqiza, ukuvuselela, njll.). Uhlobo ngalunye lunezindlela zalo eziqondile nenjongo:
Ukuqeqesha ukuthenwa kwezihlahla zequince ezisencane
Lona ukuthenwa kusenesikhathi Kubalulekile eminyakeni yokuqala yesihlahla ukwakha isakhiwo esiyinhloko esiqinile, esinokulinganisela futhi esinomoya omuhle. Umuthi owakheke kahle ukhiqiza kakhulu futhi kulula ukuwugcina esikhathini esizayo.
Sisha nini isihlahla sequince? Ibhekwa njengentsha phakathi kweminyaka engu-0 no-5-10, nakuba ukuvuthwa kwangempela kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo, isimo sezulu nokunakekelwa. Phakathi nale minyaka, umgomo uwukuqondisa ukukhula nokuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwe-canopy.
- Unyaka wokuqala: Wonke amagatsha esihlahla anqunyiwe, okukhuthaza ukuvela kwamahlumela aphansi, aqinile.
- Unyaka wesibili: Amagatsha amakhulu akhethiwe futhi asikwe abe yi-2/3 yobude bawo. Noma yimaphi amahlumela avela engxenyeni engezansi yesiqu ayasuswa.
- Unyaka wesithathu: Amagatsha amakhulu aphinde asinwe aze afike ku-2/3 wokukhula kwawo okusha. Amagatsha angena emqhele ayasuswa.
Umgomo oyinhloko uthi yakha umqhele obanzi, ophansi, okwenza kube lula ukungena kokukhanya kwelanga kanye nokuvunwa kwezithelo.
Ukuthena izithelo ukuze kusungulwe amagatsha akhiqizayo
Kulesi sigaba, okulandelayo kukhethwa: 3 noma 4 amagatsha amakhulu okuzokwenza isisekelo esikhiqizayo somuthi. Lezi kufanele zibe nomthambeka owanele ukuze zisekele isisindo esizayo sesithelo futhi zivikele ukuphuka. Amasucker (amahlumela anamandla, angakhiqizi) ayasuswa futhi amagatsha esibili ayasikwa ukuze achaze isakhiwo.
Ukuthenwa kokukhiqiza ezihlahleni zequince ezivuthiwe
Lapho isihlahla sesivele sisungulwe (kusuka eminyakeni engu-5-10), ukugxila kuyashintsha kusuka ekuqeqeshweni kuya Producción. Umgomo ukuhlala usesimweni, vumela ukungena kokukhanya nomoya futhi wandise isivuno.
- Susa ama-suckers amakhulu namagatsha angakhiqizi ukuvimbela ukuba bangabi buthaka umuthi.
- Nquma amagatsha amancane nakhanyiswe kabi, njengoba izithelo abazikhiqizayo ngokuvamile zisezingeni eliphansi.
- Jabulela inkomishi ye-lobed, hhayi i-spherical ngokuphelele, ukukhulisa ukuchayeka elangeni nokugwema izindawo ezinomthunzi.
- Susa amagatsha awela, awonakele noma anesifo, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwesihlahla ukugwema umswakama kanye nezinkinga zefungal.
Kubalulekile ungathena kakhulu ngaphandle kwalapho umuntu eguga kakhulu, njengoba ukusika ngokweqile kungasenza buthaka isihlahla futhi kunciphise ukukhiqizwa okwesikhashana.
Ukuvuselela noma ukuthena kabusha
Lapho isihlahla sequince sineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 ubudala futhi sibonisa izimpawu zokuguga (ukukhiqizwa okuphansi, amaqabunga amancane naphuzi, amagatsha omile), kuyalulekwa ukuba kwenziwe ukuvuselela izihlahla ukubuyisela amandla ayo.
- Ukuthena okuqinile: Iqukethe ukususa cishe yonke i-canopy, ukugcina kuphela isiqu namagatsha amakhulu. Isihlahla siyahluma futhi, nakuba kuthatha iminyaka eminingana ukululama ngokugcwele.
- Ukuthena okuqhubekayo: Kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana, kususwa elinye lamagatsha amakhulu unyaka ngamunye ukuze kuvuselelwe sonke isihlahla eminyakeni emithathu noma emine.
Ukuthena okuluhlaza noma kwasehlobo
La ukuthena okuluhlaza Kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo (ikakhulukazi ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nehlobo), futhi kusiza ukulawula amahlumela amasha, ukuqeda ama-suckers angafuneki futhi ulungise isiqondiso sokukhula. Awuhlaseleki kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nokuthenwa kwasebusika futhi usiza ukugcina isihlahla esinokulinganisela phakathi nenkathi yonke.
Amathiphu awusizo okuphumelela ukuthena i-quince
Ungakwazi ukulandela lezi amathiphu ayisisekelo ukuze njalo uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu:
- Hlela ukuthena izinsuku ezomile, nelanga, ukugwema umswakama okhuthaza izifo.
- Njalo usike ngaphezu kwehlumela elibheke ngaphandle wendebe, ngakho ukukhula kuzovuleka kakhulu futhi kunciphe kancane.
- Ungashiyi noma yiziphi iziphunzi: Ukusikeka kufanele kuhlanzeke futhi kusondele eduze kwesisekelo segatsha.
- Hlanza amathuluzi ngaphambi nangemva kokuthena ukugwema ukudlulisa izifo.
- Gada isimo somuthi ngemva kokuthena, ikakhulukazi uma kube nokusikeka okukhulu. Ungasebenzisa imithi yokwelapha noma yokuvimbela uma kunesidingo.
Amaphutha avamile lapho kuthenwa izihlahla ze-quince nokuthi ungazigwema kanjani
Ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi olunzulu bangenza amaphutha, kodwa ukuqaphela lokhu kungakusiza ukuba uwagweme:
- Ukuthena ngokweqile: Kungasenza buthaka kakhulu isihlahla futhi kunciphise ukukhiqizwa ngesizini elandelayo.
- Ukuntuleka kokuhlela: Kubalulekile ukuba nenhloso ecacile ngaphambi kokuqala nokwenza ngobuhlakani, ukukhetha ukusikeka ngakunye ngokucophelela.
- Ziba izimpawu zesihlahla: Uma ubona amagatsha anezimpawu zezifo noma izinambuzane, kufanele asuswe ngokushesha ngisho noma engeyona ingxenye yokuthenwa konyaka.
- Ukungagcini amathuluzi ehlanzekile futhi ebukhali: Lokhu kungabangela ukusikeka okungalingani futhi kube lula ukungena kwezifo.
Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kwe-quince ukuze kwandiswe ukukhiqizwa
La ukuthena Kuyisihluthulelo, kodwa hhayi ukunakekelwa kuphela okudingayo isihlahla se-quince. Ukuze ujabulele izithelo ezinkulu futhi ezihlwabusayo, kufanele futhi unake:
- Indawo: Ikhetha izindawo ezinelanga nezivulekile, nakuba ibekezelela umthunzi okhanyayo. Gwema ukuchayeka emanzini abandayo anamandla.
- Ukunisela: Kungcono ukwehla kunokuthi ubangele ukugcwala kwamanzi. Iyakwazi ukumelana nenhlabathi eyomile, kodwa amanzi amaningi akhuthaza isikhunta futhi angalimaza izithelo ezikhulayo.
- Obhalisile: Ihlinzeka ngemisoco (ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwekwindla, ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kwezithelo) ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kanye nekhwalithi yezitshalo. Hlanganisa Umanyolo wemvelo noma eziqondile zezihlahla zezithelo ngaphandle kokudlula imithamo enconyiwe.
- Ukulawula izinambuzane: Isihlahla sequince sizwela kakhulu kuma-aphid kanye ne-mealybugs. Buka ukuvela kwalezi zinambuzane futhi usebenze ngokushesha ngemikhiqizo ehlelekile noma, okungcono kakhulu, ngokwelashwa okuphilayo kokuvimbela.
- Ukususwa ngokushesha kwemfucumfucu yezitshalo: Ngemva kokuthena, hlanza indawo futhi ususe amagatsha asikiwe namaqabunga ukuze uvimbele ukusabalala kwezinambuzane nezifo.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngemfucuza yokuthena?
Uma ukuthena sekuqediwe, uzoba nezinketho eziningi zemfucuza ekhiqizwayo:
- ZichobozeI-home wood chipper ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise amagatsha ukwenza i-mulch noma i-compost, enothisa inhlabathi engadini yakho.
- BashiseEzindaweni zasemaphandleni noma ngemvume evela kumkhandlu wendawo, kungenzeka ukushisa izinsalela, njalo ulandela imithetho yendawo yomlilo.
- Lungisa izinkuniUma unesitofu sokhuni, indawo yomlilo, noma ihhavini, izingodo ze-quince ezisikwe kahle zinhle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwasekhaya, futhi izinkuni zingathengiswa ngokudayiswa kumabhikawozi nama-pizzeria asebenzisa ohhavini bendabuko.
Ungazi kanjani ukuthi ungavuna nini i-quince
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqoqa izithelo Lapho ama-quinces esethole umbala ophuzi ogqamile, akhipha iphunga elimnandi futhi alahlekelwe isici se-fuzz (tomentum) eba nawo uma engavuthiwe., ngokuvamile phakathi kokuphela kuka-September no-December, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo kanye ne-microclimate yendawo.
Akukhuthazwa ukuvuna kusenesikhathi ngoba izithelo zisazoba nzima futhi zintula iphunga, futhi akufanele zishiywe sekwephuzile ngoba ikhwalithi nobusha kuzolahleka. Iquince evuthiwe izoqina kodwa ingabi lukhuni, ibe nesikhumba esishwabene kancane kanye nalelo phunga elimangalisayo elibonisa ukuqala kwekwindla.
Ngemva kokuvuna, zigcine endaweni epholile neyomile ukugcina iphunga layo kanye nokunambitheka kwayo amasonto. Gwema ukuwaphatha kakhulu ukuze uvimbele ukulimaza: isikhumba siqinile, kodwa imihuzuko ingavela ngokushesha.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele nokuthena kuqinisekisa isivuno esiningi kakhulu nesisezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nezihlahla ezinempilo ezikwazi ukumelana nezinambuzane. Ukuphathwa kahle kwe-quince, kuhlanganiswe nezinye izici ezinjengokunisela, ukuvundisa, nokulawula izinambuzane, kusiza ukukhulisa isivuno sawo futhi kwelule ukuphila kwawo okusebenzisekayo. Ngokwenza ngokuhlakanipha nangesikhathi esifanele, ungajabulela isithelo esimnandi nesihlahla esinamandla isikhathi eside.
