Ingabe uphupha ngengadi egcwele umbala, ukuphila, nobuntu? I-Bougainvillea ileya ngane engenakunqotshwa okuthi, ngezimbali zayo ezimangalisayo nemvelo eqinile, ingakwazi ukuguqula noma yiliphi ikhona libe ipharadesi langempela. Kulabo abafuna ukuguqula ngokuphelele ithala labo, i-balcony, noma indawo yangaphandle—noma ngisho nasendlini—lokhu kuyinketho engabukeki nje kuphela, kodwa futhi enomvuzo futhi kulula ngokumangalisayo ukuyinakekela uma sewazi izimfihlo zayo.
Wake wazibuza ukuthi ungayigcina kanjani i-bougainvillea yakho ibukeka imangalisa, inempilo, futhi igcwele izimbali? Nawu umhlahlandlela oqondile onomhlaba wangempela, amathiphu azame futhi ayiqiniso okutshala i-bougainvillea nokwenza ingadi yakho ibe nomona womakhelwane. Uzothola izinhlobo, amathiphu okutshala nokusabalalisa, imihlahlandlela yokunisela, indawo, nokunye okuningi, konke kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula.
Umlando, imvelaphi kanye nelukuluku le-bougainvillea
I-Bougainvillea isitshalo esinomlando nobukhazikhazi, eyaziwa kakhulu ngekhono layo lokunikeza izindonga, ama-pergolas nezingadi zonke i-cascade enemibala, kanye nekhono layo elimangalisayo lokuzivumelanisa cishe nanoma iyiphi indawo efudumele. Umsuka wayo usiyisa eNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi eBrazil, lapho yatholwa khona isazi sezitshalo saseFrance u-Philibert Commerson ngekhulu le-18. Inkokhiso egameni lakhe iya kuLouis Antoine de Bougainville, umhloli wamazwe waseFrance nomngane wososayensi.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo mqansa omangalisayo wasakazekela ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zaseMedithera nasezindaweni ezishisayo., enqoba amakhona anelanga nezindawo zasemadolobheni. Kuye ngesimo sezulu nokunakekelwa, i-bougainvillea ingakhula njenge-shrub, isitshalo esilengayo, noma isihlahla esincane sangempela, esikwazi ukunikeza umthunzi nobuhle ngokulingana.
Ngaphezu kwezimbali zayo - okuyizimbali ezinemibala egqamile ezungeze imbali encane emhlophe - i-bougainvillea ibilokhu iwuphawu lwe ukwamukela nobungqabavu. Abanye abantu baze bayisebenzisele izinjongo zokwelapha, njengoba izinhlobo ezithile zisetshenziswa emakhambi esintu ezinkingeni zokuphefumula noma zokugaya ukudla. Incazelo yawo ihambisana nenjabulo nothando, ilungele ukunikeza umlayezo wokungenisa izihambi emnyango wanoma iliphi ikhaya.
Izinhlobonhlobo, izici kanye nezinhlobo ze-bougainvillea
Ayikho i-bougainvillea eyodwa kuphela, kodwa uhla lonke lwezinhlobo nemibala. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-18 eziqashelwayo kanye nenqwaba yezinhlobo ezixubile ezigcwalisa izinkulisa ngezimbali ezi-magenta, ezibomvana, ezimhlophe, eziwolintshi, eziphuzi, ngisho nezinomthunzi. Amanye ama- bougainvillea angabagibeli abangakhathali, akwazi ukumboza izindonga ezingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-10 ukuphakama uma ethola ukwesekwa; Ezinye ziminyene kakhulu, zilungele abatshali bezitshalo, amasimu amancane noma ukukhula kwangaphakathi.
- I-Bougainvillea glabra noma i-paper bougainvillea: Ngezimbali ezinhle kanye nokuthungwa okufana nephepha, kuvame kakhulu kuma-balconi nama-pergolas, anemithunzi esukela kumhlophe kuya ku-violet ojulile.
- I-Bougainvillea brasiliensis: Iqinile kakhulu, enezimbali eziphinki eziqinile kanye nokukhula okunamandla, ilungele labo abafuna ukugcwalisa izindawo ezinkulu ngombala.
- 'I-San Diego Red': I-hybrid eyaziwa ngokuqhakaza kwayo okubomvu okumangalisayo nokuvumelana nezimo eziphakeme zenhlabathi ehlukahlukene.
- 'Igolide laseCalifornia': Idume ngama-bracts ayo aphuzi osagolide, ingeza ukukhanya nokusuka kunoma iyiphi indawo.
Isihluthulelo se-bougainvillea ejabulisayo ukukhetha izinhlobonhlobo ngokuvumelana nezimo zesikhala sakho.: Qiniseka ukuthi unelanga elanele, nquma ukuthi ukhetha ukukhuphuka noma ukukhula okuhlangene, futhi ucabange ngombala okukhuthaza kakhulu wekhaya lakho.
Indawo ekahle kanye nezidingo zokukhanyisa
I-bougainvillea isithandwa selanga. Asikho isinqamuleli: uma ufuna siqhakaze kunanini ngaphambili, sibeke lapho sithola khona okungenani amahora angu-6 okukhanya kwelanga okuqondile nsuku zonke. Ifasitela elibheke eningizimu, i-balcony railing, noma yiliphi ikhona elikhanyayo, elivulekile lizoba indawo yalo efanelekile, kungaba sebhodweni noma phansi ngqo.
Ezindaweni ezinobusika obuqinile noma isithwathwa, ungayikhulisa ebhodweni futhi uyihambise endlini phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo, noma uyivikele ngezingubo zokulala ezishisayo uma igxilile emhlabathini. I-Bougainvilleas etshalwe ngaphakathi endlini idinga ukukhanya okuphezulu.; Zibeke ngasefasiteleni bese uzungezisa isitsha ukuze uqinisekise ukukhula.
Isimo sezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa elilungile le-bougainvillea
I-Bougainvillea ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezipholile nezifudumele, enamazinga okushisa afanelekile aphakathi kuka-18°C and 30°C. Ingakwazi ukumelana nokwehla kwezinga lokushisa, kodwa amakhaza amakhulu noma isithwathwa eside singalimaza amahlamvu nezimpande. Ngaphansi kuka-2-3°C, ikakhulukazi uma kuyizibonelo ezincane, kuyatuseka ukuthi uzivikele ukuze ugweme umonakalo ongalungiseki.
Ebusika, i-bougainvillea ivamise ukunyamalala futhi ibambezele ukukhula kwayo, nakuba esimweni sezulu esipholile ingase igcine ezinye zezimbali zayo. Uma unayo ebhodweni, iqhinga elilodwa ukuyibeka ekhoneni elifudumele noma ukuyihambisa endlini ngesikhathi kubanda kakhulu.
Umhlabathi ongcono kakhulu kanye ne-substrate ye-bougainvillea yakho
Naphezu kokubukeka kwayo okumangalisayo, i-bougainvillea ayifuni emhlabathini.. Ikhetha ama-substrates avulekile, alula ane-drainage enhle kakhulu: ukuqoqwa kwamanzi kuyingozi enkulu ezimpandeni zawo. Ungasebenzisa i-substrate yendawo yonke exutshwe nesihlabathi esimahhadlahhadla noma i-perlite, njalo uqinisekisa ukuthi ibhodwe linezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi.
I-pH efanelekile iphakathi kuka-6.0 no-6.5, ene-acidic kancane, nakuba ivumelana kahle nenhlabathi engathathi hlangothi. Uma utshala ngqo engadini, mane uvuse inhlabathi bese wengeza umquba obole kahle noma izikelemu ukuze kungene umoya futhi kuvuse ukuqhakaza.
Ungasebenzisi kabi umanyolo one-nitrogen -lokhu kungabangela amahlamvu amaningi ukuba akhule kodwa izimbali ezimbalwa-. Okuhle kungumkhiqizo olinganiselayo we-10-10-10, noma umanyolo wemvelo okhishwa kancane osetshenziswa kanye noma kabili ngonyaka, ohambisana nentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ungatshala kanjani i-bougainvillea ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-bougainvillea yintwasahlobo., lapho nje ingozi yesithwathwa iphela. Yilapho izinga lokushisa nezimo zokukhanya zikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande ezintsha namahlumela.
- Khetha indawo enelanga. Uma isebhodweni, qiniseka ukuthi ilinganisa okungenani u-40-50 cm ububanzi kanye no-30-40 cm ukushona, okungcono ukuthi yenziwe ngobumba noma i-terracotta ukuze kube lula ukuphefumulelwa.
- Lungiselela i-substrate efanele. Xuba inhlabathi yendawo yonke nesihlabathi noma i-perlite kanye nomquba othile wemvelo ukuze unothise ingxube, uqinisekise ukugeleza kwamanzi.
- Susa ngokucophelela isitshalo esitsheni saso., ukugcina impande yezimpande iqinile ukuze ingalimazi izimpande.
- Yimba umgodi omkhulu ngokuphindwe kabili kunebhola lempande bese ubeka isitshalo endaweni efanayo njengoba sasinjalo esitsheni sokuqala.
- Gcwalisa ngengxube elungiselelwe, cindezela kancane futhi uphuze ngokujulile. ukuxazulula inhlabathi nokuqeda amaphakethe omoya.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, kuhle ukuvikela isitshalo ngesikhwama sepulasitiki esicacile, ukudala indawo enomswakama nefudumele ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-rooting. Yisuse lapho ubona ukuqala kwamahlumela amasha.
Indlela Yokusabalalisa I-Bougainvillea: Ukusika Nokusabalalisa
Ukusabalalisa i-bougainvillea kulula futhi kunomvuzo. I ukukhiqizwa kabusha ngama-cuttings Kuyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu. Khetha iziqu ezincane, ezinempilo, ezingaba ngu-15-20 cm ubude, okungcono emva kokuqhakaza nangaphambi kwehlobo eligcwele.
- Sika isiqu ngezansi nje kwenodi, susa amaqabunga aphansi futhi usebenzise i-hormone ye-rooting kuze kube sekupheleni kokusika.
- Tshala ukusika esitsheni esine-substrate ekhanyayo, emanzi -kungaba yingxube ye-peat ne-perlite-.
- Vala isitsha ngesikhwama esikhanyayo ukugcina umswakama.
- Beka endaweni ekhanyayo, kodwa ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile..
- Nisela kancane uma i-substrate yoma futhi uzoba nezimpande emavikini ama-4 kuye kwayisi-6.
Uma ukusika sekumile futhi sekuqalile ukukhula, ungakwazi ukutshala endaweni yayo yokugcina ngokulandela izinyathelo ezifanayo nezesitshalo esidala.
Ukunakekelwa okubalulekile ukusiza i-bougainvillea yakho ichume
I-Bougainvillea isitshalo esibongayo, kodwa njengazo zonke izitshalo, idinga ukutotoswa ukuze ibonise okuhle kakhulu.. Sibuyekeza ezibaluleke kakhulu:
- Ukukhanya: Ibalulekile ekuqhakazeni izimbali, funa okungenani amahora angu-6 wokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
- Ukunisela: Kulingene futhi kulungiselwe isikhathi sonyaka. Ehlobo, nisela ngokujulile njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-3-4 uma kusemhlabeni, futhi kuze kube kabili ngeviki embizeni. Ebusika, nciphisa ukuchelela kube kanye njalo emasontweni amabili, njalo uhlola ukuthi i-substrate yomile ngaphambi kokunisela futhi.
- Ukuthena: Ukuthena okuncane ngemva kokuqhakaza ngakunye kanye nokuthena okujulile ekupheleni kobusika kuqinisekisa ukuma okuhle kanye namahlumela amasha. Sebenzisa izikere ezihlanzekile, ezicijile, unqume amagatsha omile noma ashaqekile, futhi ugweme ukuthena isiqu esikhulu.
- Obhalisile: Faka umanyolo olinganiselayo entwasahlobo nasehlobo, njalo emavikini angama-4-6 ngesikhathi sokukhula.
- Ukufakelwa kabusha: Yenza lokhu kuphela uma kunesidingo, njengoba i-bougainvillea izwela ukushintsha. Uma isebhodweni futhi idinga isikhala esengeziwe, yifake entwasahlobo, unakekele kakhulu ngezimpande.
Ukunisela i-bougainvillea: kangaki futhi kanjani ukukwenza kahle
Ukunisela iphuzu elibalulekile empumelelweni nge-bougainvillea.. Nakuba kuyisitshalo esikwazi ukumelana nesomiso, amanzi engeziwe awusongo oluvame kakhulu empilweni yaso.
Phakathi nezinyanga ezifudumele, uma itshalwe emhlabathini, ukuchelela kanye ngesonto kwanele, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-substrate idonsa kahle. Ebhodweni, futhi ikakhulukazi uma ithola ilanga eliningi, ingase idinge ukuchelela kabili ngesonto. Iqhinga elilula liwukuthi thinta umhlabathi ngaphambi kokuchelela: Uma isemanzi, linda ezinye izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ebusika, nciphisa ukuchelela okungenani - njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15, futhi ngaphansi uma kunemvula noma umswakama ophezulu. Gwema ukuchelela amaqabunga nezimbali, futhi ugxile ekumanziseni isisekelo kuphela. ukuvimbela izifo nezinambuzane.
Ithiphu elengeziwe: uma ufuna ukukhuthaza ukuqhakaza okuchichimayo, Nciphisa ukuchelela kancane ngaphambi kwenkathi yokuhluma. Ukucindezeleka kwamanzi okuncane kuvame ukubangela ukuqhuma kwezimbali entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
Ungayigcina kanjani i-bougainvillea iqhakaza njalo
Imfihlo ye-bougainvillea egcwele izimbali inhlanganisela yelanga, ukuthena nokunisela okufanele.. Yini enye:
- Umanyolo we-Potassium: Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, sebenzisa umanyolo owuketshezi ocebile nge-potassium ukuze uthuthukise ubukhulu, umbala, kanye nenani lama-bracts.
- Ukuthena okuvamile: Susa izimbali ezibunile kanye namagatsha amade noma awonakele ngemva komjikelezo wezimbali ngamunye. Ngale ndlela uvuselela amahlumela amasha kanye nokuqhuma okuvuselelwe kombala.
- Lawula izinga lokushisa: Uma ebusuku kubanda kakhulu, ungase ulahlekelwe ezinye zezimbali. Ngaphakathi endlini, gcina isitshalo siphakathi kuka-15 no-25°C phakathi nosuku futhi ungasivumeli sehle sibe ngaphansi kuka-5°C.
Ngalezi ziqondiso, i-bougainvillea yakho ingaqhakaza kuze kube amasonto angu-3-5, futhi yandise ukuqhakaza kwayo isikhathi esiningi sonyaka ezindaweni ezifudumele, ezingenasithwathwa.
Izinkinga ezijwayelekile ekukhuleni kwe-bougainvillea nokuthi ungazixazulula kanjani
I-Bougainvillea iqinile, kodwa ayivikelekile ezinkingeni. Okuvame kakhulu ngokuvamile kuhlobene nokunisela noma ukubonakala kwezinambuzane nezifo.
- Izinambuzane: Ama-Mealybugs, ama-aphid kanye nezicabucabu ezibomvu yizona ezivame kakhulu. Zibonwa ngamabala anamathelayo, amachashazi amhlophe, amaqabunga ashwabene noma ubulembu.
Indlela yokulwa nayo? Uma usheshe ubambe inkinga, ungakwazi ukuqeda izinambuzane eziningi ngokusula ngendwangu emanzi. Enye indlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi enenhlonipho iyona insipho ye-potassium zifafazwe ezindaweni ezithintekile. Uma ukuhlasela kunamandla, thena amagatsha alimele futhi, uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane eziphilayo. Uma usebenzisa amakhemikhali, landela iziqondiso zephakheji ngokuqondile.
- Izifo nezifo: Isikhutha (amabala ampunga noma amhlophe) kanye nokubola kwezimpande ngenxa yomswakama oweqile kungavela uma ukuchelela kuningi noma amanzi angekho kahle. Yehlisa ukuchelela, uthuthukise ukujikeleza komoya, futhi usebenzise isibulala-sikhunta esithile.
Amathiphu okuvimbela: Gcina i-bougainvillea yakho endaweni enomoya omuhle, amanzi kancane, futhi ugweme ukuthola amaqabunga amanzi ngokuqondile. Hlola njalo amabala, amaqabunga omile, noma izinambuzane ukulungisa noma yiziphi izinkinga ngesikhathi.
Amathiphu namasu ochwepheshe wengadi ye-bougainvillea ebabazekayo
Uma ufuna ukuthatha ingadi yakho igxathu elingaphezulu, nakhu unayo Amathiphu avela kochwepheshe nabalimi abashisekayo:
- Ukuqeqeshwa kwamagatsha amancane: Ama-Bougainvilleas athambile kakhulu lapho iziqu zawo zintsha. Qondisa ngobumnene futhi ubophe amagatsha kuma-trellises, ezindongeni, noma kuma-pergolas ukuze ufinyelele idizayini oyithanda kakhulu.
- Ukulawula ukukhula: Uma ufuna isitshalo esihlangene, nquma kakhulu njalo eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu ukuze uvuselele futhi ukhuthaze ukuvela kwezimbali ezintsha.
- Ukusebenzisa i-mulch kanye ne-compost: Isiza ukugcina umswakama futhi inikeza izakhamzimba eziphuma kancane, ezilungele izitshalo eziphila isikhathi eside.
- Ukuvikelwa ebusika: Uma isithwathwa sisondela, mboza i-bougainvillea ngengubo eshisayo noma usebenzise izibani zikaKhisimusi ukuze ukhuphule izinga lokushisa ngamadigri ambalwa ebusuku.
- Ukutshala ugalikhi eduze: Abanye abalimi bathi ukubeka ama-clove kagalikhi ambalwa phansi ebhodweni kusiza ukuxosha izinambuzane, njenge-aphid, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali.
Izinzuzo zokuba ne-bougainvillea ekhaya noma engadini
Ngaphandle komsebenzi wayo wobuhle, I-Bougainvillea inikeza izinzuzo zemvelo kanye nokuphila kahle:
- Yehlisa izinga lokushisa le-ambient ezindaweni ezimboziwe, ukuhlinzeka ubusha bemvelo ezindaweni ezishisayo.
- Ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomoya futhi isebenza njengesihlungi sokungcola.
- Ilungele ukudala izindawo zobumfihlo kanye nomthunzi. kuma-patios, ama-pergolas noma amasimu amakhulu.
- Ezinye izinhlobo zinezakhiwo zokwelapha Ngokwesiko isetshenziselwa izimo zokuphefumula okuncane noma ukuvuvukala, njalo ngaphansi kokugadwa kanye nolwazi lochwepheshe.
Ngenxa yezimfanelo zayo zokuhlobisa nokusebenza, i-bougainvillea iba enye ye Izitshalo ezibonga kakhulu futhi eziguquguqukayo emhlabeni wezingadi.
Amaphutha ajwayelekile nokuthi ungawagwema kanjani lapho utshala i-bougainvillea
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-bougainvillea yakho iyachuma kusukela onyakeni wokuqala, gwema lawa maphutha:
- Ukunisela ngokweqile: Inhlabathi eyomile engcono kunenhlabathi enamanzi. I-Bougainvillea ibekezelela isomiso kangcono kunamanzi amaningi.
- Ukukhetha indawo engalungile: Uma lingatholi ilanga elanele, izimbali zizoba zincane neziqu zibe buthaka.
- Ukuthena kakhulu noma ngesikhathi esingalungile: Thena kakhulu kuphela ekupheleni kobusika futhi kancane ngemva kokuqhakaza. Ungalokothi usike isiqu esikhulu.
- Ukwehluleka ukuhlola izinambuzane: Ukuhlolwa kwamasonto onke kungasiza ekutholeni izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi.
- Phinda njalo: Kuphela lapho kudingekile ngokuphelele, futhi njalo entwasahlobo, ukugwema ukulimaza izimpande.
Ukulawula ukuchelela, ukuthena, kanye nokubeka indawo kuqinisekisa impilo, ukuqina, nokuqhakaza kwe-bougainvillea ngaphandle komzamo ongafanele.
Ingabe unayo imibuzo eyengeziwe? Khumbula ukuthi, ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokunaka, i-bougainvillea ingaba inkanyezi engadini yakho, inikeze ubuhle nombala unyaka wonke.
