Isihlahla sikagwava, ngokwesayensi saziwa ngokuthi i-Psidium guajava, isihlahla sezithelo esidume kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo, esidume ngesithelo saso esimnandi nesinomsoco. Ukufunda ukuthenwa kahle lesi sihlahla kuyisihluthulelo sokusigcina sinempilo, ukukhuthaza isivuno esinala, nokwandisa isikhathi saso sokuphila.
Nali umhlahlandlela ukuthena isihlahla sikagwava. Uzothola ukuthi ungathena nini futhi kanjani, izinzuzo ezizilethayo esihlahleni, izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuthena, nakho konke okudingayo ukuze uzuze isitshalo esinamandla nesikhiqizayo iminyaka eminingi.
Kungani kubalulekile ukuthena isihlahla sikagwava?
Ukuthena akuyona nje indaba yobuhle, kodwa kuwumsebenzi obalulekile wokulungisa. Isihlahla sikagwava, njengezinye izihlahla zezithelo, sidinga ukuthenwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze sivuse ukukhiqizwa kwezithelo, sithuthukise impilo yaso yonke, futhi kuvinjelwe izifo. Isihlahla esithenwe kahle sithola ukukhanya kwelanga okungcono, sikhiphe umoya ngendlela efanele, futhi sisebenzisa imithombo yaso yamandla ngokuphumelelayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthena kusiza ukuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo ezivamile. Ukukhipha amagatsha omile, agulayo, noma awonakele kunciphisa ingozi yokukhula kwezinambuzane kanye nesikhunta futhi kwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-phytosanitary uma kunesidingo.
Izinhlobo zokuthena ezihlahleni zikagwava
Ukuthena izihlahla zikagwava kubandakanya ukwenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokusikeka kuye ngeminyaka yesihlahla kanye nezinjongo ezifiselekayo. Ku-horticulture, lezi zindlela ezilandelayo zivame ukuhlukaniswa:
- Ukwakha izihlahla: Isetshenziswa eminyakeni yokuqala, ngenkathi isihlahla sikhula, futhi sinikeza isakhiwo esiyisisekelo esizoba nayo esigabeni saso somuntu omdala. Iqukethe ukuchaza isiqu esikhulu nokukhetha phakathi kwamagatsha amakhulu amathathu namahlanu asabalaliswe kahle.
- Ukuthenwa kwesondlo: Kwenziwa njalo ngonyaka noma iminyaka emibili, ukususa amahlumela abuthakathaka, amagatsha awela, omile noma awonakele, nokugcina isimo esifisayo somuthi.
- Ukuthena kabusha: Inconyelwe izihlahla ezindala noma ezingakhiqizi. Kuhilela ukusika amagatsha amadala ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukukhula kabusha kokhuni olusha, olunamandla.
- Ukukhiqiza izihlahla: Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukukhuthaza ukuvela kwamahlumela amasha, ukuthuthukisa ubukhulu nenani lezithelo, nokuvimbela umthwalo oweqile esihlahleni.
Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthena izihlahla zikagwava?
Isikhathi esifanele sokuthena amagwava sincike kakhulu esimweni sezulu sendawo kanye nomjikelezo wempilo yesihlahla. Imvamisa, isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthena ubusika sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi nje kokuba kuqale ukuqhakaza, ukuvikela ukulimala kwesithwathwa ezisikiwe futhi kube lula ukululama kwezihlahla.
Ezindaweni ezifudumele lapho ugwava lukhula khona isikhathi eside, Ukuthena okulula kungenziwa futhi ngemva kokuvuna ukuze kuhlanzeke amagatsha amadala futhi kulungiselelwe isihlahla somjikelezo olandelayo.
Amathuluzi adingekayo ukuthena isihlahla sikagwava
Ukuba namathuluzi afanele kubalulekile ekutheneni okuphumelelayo nokuphephile. Ukuze usebenze namagwava, kuhle ukuba:
- Izikele ezicijile zokuthena: Okwamagatsha amancane namahlumela amancane.
- Isaha ngesandla: Ifanele amagatsha aminyene.
- Amagilavu omsebenzi osindayo: Ukuvikela izandla ekusikekeni nasekuklwebheni.
- Isibulala-magciwane: Kunconywa ukuhlanza amathuluzi ngaphambi nangemva kokuthena ukuvimbela ukudluliswa kwezifo.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuthena isihlahla sikagwava ngendlela efanele
Uma ungakaze usithene isihlahla sikagwava, nazi izinyathelo eziyisisekelo ezinconywe ochwepheshe bokutshala izithelo kanye nabalimi abanolwazi:
- Ukuhlola kokuqala: Bheka isihlahla bese uthola amagatsha omile, alimele, anesifo noma aphazamisekile.
- Ukususa amagatsha afile noma anesifo: Njalo usike ngaphezu kwehlumela elinempilo noma imfoloko, uqinisekise ukuthi ukusika okuhlanzekile, okuyisikwele ukuze kube lula ukuphulukiswa.
- Ukukhethwa kwamagatsha amakhulu: Khetha amagatsha esakhiwo ama-3 kuya ku-5 asakazwe ngokulinganayo esiqwini bese ususa noma yimaphi aqhudelana nawo ngokuqondile.
- Ukususwa kusuka esikhungweni: Gcina isikhungo sivuliwe ukuze ukukhanya kungene nomoya ujikeleze.
- Ukusika amahlumela abuthakathaka: Susa ama-suckers, amahlumela e-basal namagatsha akhula aqonde ngaphakathi kwesihlahla.
- Ukubuyekeza okokugcina: Susa zonke izinsalela zokuthena bese ubulala amagciwane.
Amaphutha ajwayelekile lapho kuthenwa izihlahla zikagwava nokuthi ungazigwema kanjani
Elinye lamaphutha avamile ukwenza ukusikeka okubi kakhulu noma ngezikhathi ezingafanele, okungalimaza kakhulu ukukhiqizwa nempilo yesihlahla. Amanye amaphutha avamile ahlanganisa amathuluzi wokungabulali amagciwane, ukushiya amagatsha awela avimbe ukukhula, noma ukusika ngaphansi kwehlumela, okwenza amahlumela amasha abe buthaka.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ungashiyi isihlahla singenawo amahlamvu ngokuphelele, Njengoba idinga amaqabunga ukuze i-photosynthesize futhi ilulame ngemva kokuthenwa. Khumbula: okuncane kuningi, futhi kungcono ukuthena kancane kancane ngezikhathi ezimbalwa kunokuthena kakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Izinzuzo zokuthena izihlahla zikagwava
Ukuthena ngendlela efanele kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi zesihlahla sikagwava: Ikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwezithelo ezinkulu, ezinempilo, yenza ngcono umoya nokukhanya kwelanga, inciphise izehlakalo zezinambuzane nezifo, futhi igcine isakhiwo sezitshalo esiqinile nesilinganiselayo.
Kwenza futhi ukukha izithelo kube lula ukufinyelela futhi kuthuthukisa ukubukeka jikelele kwesihlahla. Isihlahla sikagwava esinakekelwa kahle singaphila impilo ende nekhiqizayo, sibe isizinda sanoma iyiphi insimu yezithelo noma ingadi.
Ukuvimbela izifo kanye nokunakekelwa ngemva kokuthenwa
Ukuvimbela ukuthenwa kwezilonda ekubeni isango lesikhunta namagciwane, Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-ejenti yokuphulukisa izilonda zemvelo noma ezentengiselwano ekusikeni okuyinhloko futhi uqaphe isihlahla emasontweni alandelayo. Ukunisela kufanele kubuyiselwe kancane kancane kokujwayelekile, futhi ungasebenzisa ithuba lokusebenzisa umanyolo ocebile nge-potassium ne-phosphorus, ukhuthaze ukuhluma nokuthuthukiswa kwezithelo ezintsha.
Gcina ugwava wakho uqashwe noma yiziphi izimpawu zokucindezeleka noma ukugula, njengamachashaza amaqabunga, amagatsha angahlumi, noma izithelo ezikhubazekile. Ukwenza ngokushesha kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa impilo yesikhathi eside yesitshalo.
Amathiphu engeziwe okuthuthukisa ukukhula nokukhiqiza
Ngaphezu kokuthenwa okujwayelekile, kunezinye izindlela ongazisebenzisa ukuze uzuze isihlahla sikagwava esinamandla nesikhiqizayo:
- Ukuchelela okufanele: Gcina inhlabathi imanzi kodwa ingagcwali amanzi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhluma nokuthela.
- Umanyolo olinganiselayo: Ihlinzeka ngemisoco ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi i-potassium ne-phosphorus, ukuze kuthuthukiswe izithelo.
- Ukulawula izinambuzane: Iqapha ubukhona be izinambuzane futhi isebenzisa ukwelashwa kwemvelo uma kunesidingo.
- Ukuvuselelwa kwe-mulch: Ivikela izimpande futhi ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwama-microorganisms anenzuzo ku-substrate.
Izinzuzo zokuthena izihlahla zikagwava
Ukuthena izihlahla zikagwava, ngaphezu kokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa okungcono, kusiza ukugcina isihlahla sinempilo, kusiza ukufinyelela esithelweni, futhi kuthuthukisa ukuphila kwaso isikhathi eside. Ngokwazi izinhlobo zokuthena, isikhathi esifanele, amasu atuswayo, nokunakekela ngemva kwesikhathi, noma ubani angajabulela ubumnandi bokuvuna amagwava ekhwalithi ekhaya lakhe noma engadini. Ukusebenzisa lawa macebiso kuzogcina isitshalo singenazo izifo nezinambuzane, futhi kwandise amandla aso okuthela izithelo iminyaka eminingi ezayo.