Ingabe isitshalo sakho sibonisa izimpawu zobuthakathaka, amabala, noma ukukhula okungavamile? Ukuthola ukuthi kwenzakalani ngezitshalo zakho kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokubuyisela impilo nobuhle bazo. Kuvamile ukuthi abalimi abasaqalayo nabanolwazi babhekane nezinkinga zezempilo ngezitshalo zasendlini nezangaphandle, kodwa ukhiye uwukuba Khomba izimpawu ngesikhathi bese ungenela ngokwelashwa okufaneleKulo mhlahlandlela ophelele, uzofunda ukubona izimpawu, uqonde izimbangela zazo, uhlukanise phakathi kwazo, futhi usebenzise izixazululo ezinemininingwane ngesimo ngasinye.
Uzihlaziya kanjani futhi uzibone izimpawu ezitshalweni zakho
Isimo samaqabunga kanye nokubukeka kwesitshalo jikelele kuyinkomba yempilo yaso. Ukubuka umbala, ukuhleleka, kanye nokuma kwamaqabunga kubalulekile ukuze kusheshe kubonwe izinkinga ezivela kukho kokubili umsoco, amanzi, ukukhanya, izinambuzane, izifo noma izici zemveloEzinye izinkinga, ezinjengamaqabunga aphuzi, ashwabene, anamabala, noma akhubazekile, zingaba izimpawu zokushiyeka okuthile noma izifo. Ukuqaphela izimpawu kuzokuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokushesha futhi uvimbele ukulimala okwengeziwe.
Ukuntuleka Komsoco: Izimpawu Nokwelashwa Okuphumelelayo
Izitshalo zidinga ibhalansi enembile yemisoco ukuze zikhule ziqine futhi ziqine. Ukushoda kwento eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ebalulekile kuzibonakalisa ngezimpawu ezibonakalayo okuthi, uma zingelashwa, zingalimaza ubungqabavu bazo:
- Amaqabunga aphuzi anamabala abunile: Ukuntuleka kwe-phosphorus, ebalulekile ezimpandeni eziqinile kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali okuhle. Isixazululo: Faka umanyolo ocebile nge-phosphorus futhi uqiniseke ukuthi useduze nezimpande.
- Amaqabunga aphuzi: Zibonisa ukuntuleka kwensimbi, okudingekayo ekwakhiweni kwe-chlorophyll. Isixazululo: Engeza i-iron sulfate noma umanyolo okhethekile wezitshalo ezithanda i-asidi.
- Amaqabunga amadala aphuzi naluhlaza ngokuphaphathekile: Ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen, isakhi esiyinhloko samaqabunga anamandla kanye ne-photosynthesis. Isixazululo: I-worm humus noma umanyolo wasolwandle.
- Imithambo ephaphathekile nemibala efiphele: Ukuntuleka kwe-magnesium, i-nucleus ye-chlorophyll. Isixazululo: I-Magnesium sulfate ehlanjululwe emanzini.
- Amaqabunga aphuzi ngokuphelele: Ukuntuleka kwesibabule, okubalulekile ekuvikelweni kwamaselula kanye nokwakheka kwe-chlorophyll. Isixazululo: Vundisa nge-worm humus.
- Amashidi azacile anezimbobo ezincane: Ukuntuleka kwe-potassium, okubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezithelo kanye nokumelana nezifo. Isixazululo: Sebenzisa umanyolo ocebile nge-potassium, ikakhulukazi lowo owenzelwe i-cacti.
- Amaqabunga amancane agoqekile futhi aphaphathekile: Ukushoda kwe-calcium, okubalulekile ekukhuleni nasekumunceni ezinye izakhi. Isixazululo: Izichibiyelo ze-limestone eziphansi.
Ukuvundisa okuvamile, okulungiselelwa uhlobo lwesitshalo ngasinye kanye nekhwalithi yenhlabathi, kuyisihluthulelo sokuvimbela lokhu kusilela. Ngaso sonke isikhathi qaphela amaqabunga amancane namadala kunawo wonke: indawo yezimpawu iphinde inikeze ulwazi ngomsoco ongekho.
Ukunisela okungalungile: indlela yokuhlukanisa phakathi kokudlula ngokweqile nokuntuleka kwamanzi?
Ukuchelela kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yezitshalo futhi ngokuvamile kuyimbangela eyinhloko yokuwohloka. Kokubili i- ngokweqile kanye nokushoda kwamanzi Babangela izimpawu ezahlukene:
- Ukweqiwa kwamanzi: Amaqabunga nezimbali eziwela phansi, ukungabikho kwamahlumela amasha, isiqu esithambile noma esincishisiwe esisekelweni, i-substrate ehlangene noma eluhlaza. Isixazululo: Susa isitshalo ebhodweni, susa i-substrate emanzi, yeka izimpande zome, bese utshala kabusha emhlabathini owomile, ongenisa umoya. Uma kukhona izimpande ezimnyama, zithene bese ufaka isibulali sikhunta. Qalisa kabusha ukuchelela kuphela lapho inhlabathi yomile.
- Ukuntuleka kwamanzi: Imiphetho eyomile emaqabunga, ukulahlekelwa ukukhanya, ukuphuzi, ukushona kanye nokuzala. Isixazululo: Susa izindawo ezomile, cwilisa, futhi usebenzise inhlabathi entsha lapho uphinda upheka. Lungisa imvamisa yokunisela ngokuya ngesizini kanye nezidingo zohlobo lwesitshalo.
Ukuze uqiniseke, faka umunwe wakho ku-substrate. Uma yomile ekujuleni kwamasentimitha ambalwa, sekuyisikhathi sokunisela. Uma kusemanzi, linda ngaphambi kokunisela futhi. Ulwazi oluqondile lwezidingo zezinhlobo zakho luyisihluthulelo sokugwema amaphutha.
Ukukhanya: umthelela ekukhuleni nezimpawu zokweqisa noma ukuntula
La ukukhanyisa Kubalulekile ukuthi izitshalo zenze i-photosynthesis, kodwa inani kanye nekhwalithi yokukhanya ezikudingayo kuyehluka kakhulu kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane. Ukweqisa noma ukuntula kungatholwa ngokubheka lezi zimpawu:
- Ukukhanya okuningi kakhulu: Amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala, akhule emaphethelweni ansundu, amachashaza, nokubukeka okushile. Isitshalo singase sincike nasemthunzini.
- Ukukhanya okuphansi: Ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile, ukuncipha kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, amaqabunga aphuzi awela ngokushesha, nokukhula okugobile.
Isixazululo senziwa beka isitshalo endaweni efanele kuye ngezinhlobo zabo kanye nezidingo zokukhanya. Qaphela lapho ziqondisa khona ukukhula kwazo: izitshalo zihlala zifuna ukukhanya ezikudingayo.
Izinambuzane nezifo: indlela yokubona futhi ulwe nayo
Ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane, izimbuzane, kanye nesikhunta kungenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokulimala kwezingadi namasimu ezithelo. Zibone izimpawu futhi uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha ukhiye:
- Amakhowe: I-Powdery mildew (impushana emhlophe emaqabunga namahlumela), ukugqwala (amabala asawolintshi ngaphansi kwamaqabunga), indawo emnyama, isikhutha, kanye nesikhunta esimpunga (izindawo ezibolile, ezibolile). Umswakama owedlulele kanye nokungangeni komoya kahle kuvumela ukukhula kwazo. Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kuhlanganisa ukuthena izindawo ezithintekile, ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza komoya, nokusebenzisa ama-fungicides athile.
- Izinambuzane: Ama-aphid, izibungu, ama-mealybugs, izimpukane ezimhlophe, ama-thrips, nama-substrate midges ngokuvamile abangela amaqabunga agoqekile, akhubazekile, noma anamabala. Ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo noma zamakhemikhali (ngokuya ngobunzima) kuyodingeka. Ukuze uthole ukutheleleka okuncane, ukugeza amaqabunga noma ukufaka insipho ye-potassium kuvame ukwanele.
Ungakhohlwa ukubulala amathuluzi okuthena futhi ulahle imfucumfucu ethelelekile kude nomquba. Kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezingazweli, ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo, nokulawula ukungena komoya kunconywa amasu okuvimbela.
Izifo ezingelapheki kanye nendlela yokwenza
Ezinye izifo, ikakhulukazi okubangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane, ayikwazi ukwelapheka uma isisunguliwe. Izibonelo zifaka igciwane le-mosaic (amaphethini angajwayelekile eqabungeni, ukukhula kancane) noma i-bacterial canker (amabala amnyama noma i-necrosis eziqwini nasemaqabungeni). Kulezi zimo, okuwukuphela kwesixazululo esisebenzayo ukususa isitshalo esithintekile ukuvimbela ukusabalala nokubulala amagciwane amathuluzi kanye ne-substrate.
Izici zemvelo nezincomo ezisebenzayo
Izici ezifana Amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukweqisa noma ukuntuleka komswakama, okusalungiswa, izinga lomhlabathi kanye ne-pH Ziphinde zibe nomthelela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu kanye nekhono lesitshalo lokuzivikela ezifweni. Ukucabangela uhlobo lwesitshalo kanye nemvelaphi yaso kubalulekile ukuze uvumelane nezimo ezidingekayo.
Uma unokungabaza, bheka amaphethini: Ingabe kuthinta uhlobo olulodwa kuphela noma ezimbalwa? Ingabe umonakalo ungowasendaweni noma uyaqhubeka? Ingabe kwenzeka njalo endaweni eyodwa engadini? Lezi zici zisiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinkinga ze-abiotic (ezemvelo) kanye ne-biotic (amagciwane, izinambuzane).
Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha bokuxilongwa
La ukuhlolwa okubukwayo Ihlala iyithuluzi eliyinhloko labathanda ukuzilibazisa abaningi nezingcweti, nakuba manje sekunezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezisuselwe kubuhlakani bokwenziwa obukuvumela ukuthi ubone izifo nezinambuzane ngezithombe. Ezinye izincomo ezidumile:
- I-PlantSnap: Ihlonza izinhlobo futhi inikeze amathiphu okunakekela ahlobene.
- Isikhumbuzi Sokunakekelwa Kwezitshalo: Dala amashejuli okuchelela, ukuvundisa, kanye nokutshala kabusha.
- I-Plantix ne-Agrio: Baxilonga izinambuzane nezifo ezithombeni futhi banikeze izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ngaphezu kokuxhumana nemiphakathi kanye nochwepheshe.
Lobu buchwepheshe bungahambisana nokubuka, kodwa akukho lutho oluthatha indawo yolwazi lwezimo ezivamile zohlobo ngalunye kanye nokunaka okuvamile, okuqaphela izitshalo zakho.
Isitshalo ngasinye sihlukile, futhi inhlalakahle yaso incike ebhalansini phakathi kwamanzi, ukukhanya, imisoco, ukulawula izinambuzane, kanye nezimo zemvelo ezanele. Ukunaka i izinguquko ezincane futhi uthathe isinyathelo Ukwelashwa okuvimbelayo nokusheshayo ezimpawini zokuqala zenkinga kungenza umehluko phakathi kwengadi enempilo kanye nebuthakathaka.