Ukwazi I-Bromeliads: Izimpawu Nokwehlukahlukana
Ama-bromeliads Ziyizitshalo zomndeni wakwaBromeliaceae, ezinezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane ezitholakala emahlathini ashisayo eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu. Izinhlobonhlobo zazo ezingavamile ziyahlukahluka kusuka emvelweni kuya ezinhlobonhlobo ze-epiphytic, okusho ukuthi ezinye zimila phansi kanti ezinye zinamathela ezihlahleni, zimunca umsoco endaweni ezungezile ngamahlamvu azo. Okukhangayo okukhulu kunakho konke kusesimweni samaqabunga awo aqoqwe nge-rosette. kanye nama-bracts awo anombala ogqamile, okuwenza abe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu endlini nasezingadini. Iningi Zikhula njengama-epiphyte ngaphansi komthunzi zezihlahla, zizisebenzisa njengezisekelo ngaphandle kokuzidlalisa, futhi ngokuvamile zishintshanisa uhlaza lwamaqabunga azo zibe nemibala emihle phakathi nenkathi yokuqhakaza.
Ama-bromeliads anjalo izitshalo ze-monocarpic, okungukuthi, ziqhakaza kanye kuphela, futhi ngemva kokuqhakaza, isitshalo sikamama siyafa. Kodwa-ke, zivame ukukhiqiza inzalo noma ama-suckers angatshalwa kabusha futhi akhule abe yizitshalo ezintsha, okuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwawo ekhaya iminyaka eminingi.
Izidingo Eziyisisekelo Zokukhula kwe-Bromeliads
Impumelelo yokukhula kwe-bromeliad incike ekuphindaphindeni izimo zendawo yazo yemvelo. Nakuba uhlobo ngalunye lunama-nuances, izinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukukhanya nokudla kubalulekile enhlalakahleni yabo:
- Ukukhanya: Badinga ukukhanya okuchichimayo kodwa okungaqondile, njengoba ilanga eliqondile lingakhona shisa amahlamvu awo. Ukuwabeka eduze kwefasitela elibheke empumalanga noma enyakatho, elivikelwe ekukhanyeni kwelanga okunamandla, kuhle.
- Ithempelesha: Ibanga elilungile libanzi, phakathi 15°C no-29°CGwema ukushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa noma okusalungiswa. Azikubekezeleli ukushisa okude okungaphansi kuka-12°C.
- Umswakama: Indawo yayo yemvelo yihlathi lemvula elishisayo, ngakho-ke umswakama ophezulu we-ambient we-65-75% Kuyazuzisa. Uma indawo yomile, sebenzisa amathreyi amatshe amanzi, ibhodlela lesifutho, noma isihwamuli, noma uwabeke endlini yokugezela ukuze udale kabusha lezi zimo.
- Isendlalelo: funa a inhlabathi evulekile, enomoya omuhle kakhuluSebenzisa ingxube ye-peat nesihlabathi somfula, ne-gravel ngaphansi kwebhodwe ukuvimbela ukugcwala kwamanzi.
Ukunisela Nokunakekela: Ungazigcina Kanjani Zinempilo
Ukunisela ama-bromeliad kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zokunakekelwa kwazo. Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ungachithi i-substrate, njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukubola kwezimpande. Ukunisela isitshalo cishe njalo ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa kuvame kwanele, okwandisa imvamisa ngezikhathi ezishisayo noma ezomile. Indlela engcono kakhulu yile:
- Ukunisela ku-central calyx: I-Bromeliad imunca amanzi ngokuyinhloko phakathi nendawo yerosette yawo. Faka amanzi kurosette bese uyishintsha njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ukuvimbela ukugcwala kwamanzi nokukhula kwefungal.
- Ukufafaza kwansuku zonke: Sebenzisa ibhodlela lesifutho elinamanzi amaminerali noma emvula ukuze ugcine amaqabunga emanzi.
- Ukuhlola isimo se-substrate: Amanzi kuphela uma inhlabathi yomileUma kusemanzi noma isitshalo sihlala sipholile, phuza ukuchelela.
Khumbula ukukhipha noma imaphi amanzi amile kurosette ngaphambi kokuyigcwalisa futhi, njengoba amanzi agciniwe angabangela isikhunta nezifo. Ungalayishi kakhulu izimpande futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ibhodwe linamanzi amahle.
I-Bromeliad Ekhaya: Izinzuzo, Indawo, namathiphu
Bala Ama-bromeliads ekhaya awagcini nje ngokunikeza ubuhle, kodwa futhi ukuthintwa kwemvelo engavamile. Akumelana nokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa nokunisela, okuwenza afaneleke kwabasaqalayo nochwepheshe ngokufanayo. Amathiphu alandelayo azokusiza ukuthi uthole okuningi kuwo:
- Zibeke ezindaweni ezikhanyayo kodwa ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Amakamelo okuhlala akhanyiswe kahle, iminyango yokungena, noma amagumbi okugeza ayizinketho ezinhle kakhulu.
- Gwema ukomisa kwemvelo usebenzisa ama-humidifiers noma izitshalo zokuqoqa ukukhulisa umswakama wendawo.
- Vundisa ngokusesilinganisweniUmanyolo okhethekile wama-orchid owengezwe emanzini okunisela kanye ngenyanga phakathi nezinyanga ezifudumele ukhuthaza izimbali ezikhangayo.
- Ukufakelwa kabusha izingane Lapho sezifinyelele ku-15 cm, khipha izimpande eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka, uzibeke ezimbizeni zazo.
Izinkinga Ezivamile ku-Bromeliads kanye Nezixazululo Ezisebenzayo
Nakuba ukumelana, I-Bromeliads ingahlushwa izinkinga ezifana nesikhunta, amanzi amaningi noma izinambuzane. Nasi isifinyezo sezimbangela ezivame kakhulu, izimpawu zazo, nokunakekelwa kokulandelela okunconyiwe:
| Izimbangela | Izici | Control |
| Amakhowe | Amaqabunga aphuzi, isikhungo esibolile, kwesinye isikhathi anezinto ezincibilikayo | Sika amaqabunga athintekile bese ubulala amathuluzi asetshenzisiwe. |
| Ukweqisa kwamanzi | Iphunga elibi, amaqabunga aphuzi | Yehlisa imvamisa yokunisela |
| Ukukhanya okweqile | Ukubukeka okubolile, ukusha kwamaqabunga | Beka isitshalo endaweni enomthunzi |
| Izinambuzane (i-mealybugs, aphid) | I-rosette ephakathi eyonakele noma edliwe | Hlukanisa isitshalo esithintekile futhi usisuse uma umonakalo mkhulu. |
Khumbula ukuthi lezi ziyiziqondiso ezijwayelekile, futhi ukuxilongwa okunembile kuzokuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokushesha futhi ulondoloze i-bromeliad yakho. Kuyanconywa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasendlini, ukuhlola njalo amaqabunga kanye ne-central calyx.
Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko zama-Bromeliad okufanele zikhule
Ukunikezwa kwe-bromeliads ekhaya kubanziEzinye zezinhlobo ezinconyiwe kakhulu zokuzijwayeza nobuhle yilezi:
- I-Aechmea Fasciata: Inamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, anombala ompunga. Iqhakaza ngama-spikes futhi inama-bracts anemibala.
- I-Guzmania: Amaqabunga aluhlaza kanye nama-bracts aphenduka abebomvu ngokujulile. Ama-Inflorescence angahlala amasonto ambalwa.
- I-Vriesea splendens: Amaqabunga aluhlaza acwebezelayo, ama-inflorescence amise okwe-spike anama-bracts abomvu naphuzi.
- I-Neoregalia: Idume ngerosette emaphakathi, enemibala egqamile, ikakhulukazi onsomi nobomvu. Ihlangene futhi ihlobisa kakhulu.
Kulabo abafuna ukuhlukahluka, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo nama-cultivar, ngayinye enezidingo ezithile zokukhanya nokuswakama, nakuba ukugcinwa kwazo okuyisisekelo kufana kakhulu.
Inani lokudla okunomsoco kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-Bromeliads
Ngaphezu kwevelu yayo yokuhlobisa, Amanye ama-bromeliad akhiqiza izithelo ezithakazelisayo Icebile ku-vitamin C, i-calcium, i-potassium, ne-magnesium. Izinhlobo ezithile zaziswa embonini yokudla ngokuqukethwe kwazo kwe-cysteine ​​protease, ikakhulukazi uphayinaphu (Ananas comosus), nakuba ungavamile kakhulu njengesitshalo sasendlini. Lezi zithelo zingathuthukisa ukudla kwakho futhi zinikeze izinzuzo ze-antioxidant nezomsoco.
I-Bromeliads inikeza ikhaya ukuthinta okungavamile, ukuqina kanye nomjikelezo oyingqayizivele wokuvuselela wemvelo.Ngokunakekelwa okulula, uzojabulela umbala nokuba khona kwayo iminyaka, kuletha ukuphila nokusha kunoma iyiphi indawo.
