Isingeniso se-Festuca rubra grass
La I-Festuca rubra, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-red fescue, i-red fescue, noma i-red fescue, ingenye yezinhlobo zotshani ezaziswa kakhulu futhi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezingadini, emapaki, nasezindaweni zezemidlalo. Kuhle kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, ukumelana nomthunzi kanye nekhono lokwakha okuminyene, amacansi afanayo akwenza kube yisinqumo esifanele esimweni sezulu esibandayo, esishisayo nesomile, kanye nokusetshenziswa ekuxubeni nobunye utshani. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko uzothola umhlahlandlela ophelele, ophelele futhi onemininingwane ku- izici, izinhlobo, izidingo kanye nokusetshenziswa izici eziyinhloko ze-Festuca rubra, kanye neseluleko esisebenzayo sokulinywa nokugcinwa kwayo.
Incazelo ye-botanical ye-Festuca rubra
La I-Festuca rubra I-perennial herbaceous yomndeni wakwaPoaceae. Ibonakala kalula nge yayo amaqabunga amancane, amade, acijile, nge-hue eluhlaza kakhulu kanye nokuthungwa okubushelelezi, okwengeza ukubukeka kokuhlobisa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kunoma iyiphi indawo. Igama elithi "rubra" noma "bomvu" livela kumbala obomvu kancane ongaphansi kwama-pods awo, obonakala ezimeni ezikhulayo ezihlukene.
Kusatshalaliswa ngokwemvelo kuyo yonke indawo IYurophu, i-Asia, iNyakatho Melika kanye nezinye izifunda zase-Afrika, okuwuhlobo olusabalele futhi olungokwemvelo kwezinye izindawo zomhlaba ngenxa yezakhiwo zalo ezimangalisayo zokumelana.
Izici eziyinhloko ze-Festuca rubra
I-Festuca rubra igqama ngochungechunge lwezimfanelo ezisiza ukuhlanganiswa nempumelelo yayo engadini nasezindaweni zezemidlalo:
- Ishidi elincanyana kakhulu: Amaqabunga awo mancane, athambile uma uwathinta futhi aminyene ekukhuleni, okuwunikeza a ikhwalithi yokuhlobisa enhle kakhulu.
- Ukubekezelela ukunyathela okumaphakathi: Isekela ukusetshenziswa okusesilinganisweni, okwenza ilungele izingadi zokuhlala, nakuba ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi kunconywa ukuyixuba nezinhlobo ezimelana kakhulu.
- Ukumelana okuphezulu nokubanda: Ilungele kakhulu izimo zezulu ezibandayo nezipholile, lapho iphila khona futhi ikhule kangcono kunezinye izinhlobo.
- Ikhono lokuzivumelanisa nomthunzi: Obunye botshani obumbalwa okukhula kwabo ezindaweni ezinomthunzi kuyagculisa.
- Ukumelana nesomiso okumaphakathi: Nakuba lesi kungesona isici sayo esiyinhloko, ingakwazi ukumelana nezikhathi zokuntuleka kwamanzi okusesilinganisweni.
- Imfuneko ephansi yokuvundisa: Ikhula kahle enhlabathini engavundile kancane, ibekezelela inhlabathi empofu kanye ne-saline.
- Ukukhiqizwa kwama-stolons nama-rhizomes: Ikhono layo lokuzibamba, ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni ezinwabuzelayo kanye ne-semi-creeping subspecies, lihlinzeka ngekhava elihle, nakuba lingabangela ukungaqhubeki okuthile uma kungahambisani nobunye utshani.
- Ukwakheka okuhle: Ngenxa yobude bayo obuphansi kanye nokuminyana, inikeza isiphetho sokuhlobisa kakhulu, esilungele utshani obusezingeni eliphezulu.
Izinhlobonhlobo kanye nezinhlobo ezingaphansi ze-Festuca rubra
Ukuhlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo ze-Festuca rubra kuye kwabangela ukuhlukahluka subspecies nezinhlobonhlobo ijwayele ukusetshenziswa nezimo zezulu ezithile. Kubalulekile ukuwaqonda ukuze ukhethe okufanele kakhulu esimweni ngasinye:
- I-Festuca rubra rubra (ehuquzelayo): Ibonakala ngokuthuthuka kwayo ngokusebenzisa ama-stolons nama-rhizomes, ikhiqiza i-turf enhle kakhulu, esezingeni eliphezulu. Ilulama kahle ekulimaleni futhi ibekezelela isomiso nokushisa okusesilinganisweni kahle.
- I-Festuca rubra commutata (utshani): Ithuthukisa iziqu ezincane zesibili ezakha ukhaphethi ominyene, ukubekezelela kangcono ukusikeka okuphansi nomthunzi. Ukuthungwa kwayo kuhle kakhulu, ilungele izindawo zokuhlobisa nezingadi ezinganakekelwa kahle.
- I-Festuca rubra trichophylla (i-semi-reptant): I-hybrid emaphakathi phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi, ezinama-rhizomes amafushane, ukumelana nomthunzi omuhle, nokubekezelela usawoti okuphawulekayo. Iphumelela kakhulu ezindaweni ezinomswakama, nezipholile futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni izinkundla zemidlalo kanye nezindawo ezisogwini.
Phakathi kwe izinhlobo zezentengiselwano Okuphawuleka kakhulu yilezi:
- IGONDOLIN: Inconyelwe izingxube, utshani obucolekileyo nobuqinile.
- I-JASPER: Ikhethelwe umbala, ubuhle nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-endophyte.
- I-RUFI: Uhlobo lwaseMedithera, oluluhlaza okumnyama ngombala futhi olukwazi ukuzivumelanisa nehlobo elishisayo.
- I-DARWIN kanye ne-INTRIGUE: Ukumelana nezifo nokujwayela isimo sezulu esifudumele nesinomswakama.
- I-TIFFANY: Isizukulwane esisha, ukuminyana okuphezulu nokujwayela ukusikeka okuphansi.
- U-SAMANTHA no-CEZANNE: Ezimweni zezulu ezipholile nezinomswakama, ukubekezelela kahle umthunzi nosawoti.
- I-SEABREEZE: Ngokumelana nezifo kanye nosawoti, ilungele izifunda ezisogwini.
Ukunakekelwa kotshani be-Festuca rubra kanye nezidingo
Ukuze i-Festuca rubra iveze amandla ayo aphelele, kubalulekile ukucabangela umhlabathi othize, ukuchelela, ukukhanyisa kanye nezidingo zokunakekela:
- Izitezi: Incamela inhlabathi evulekile, ekhanyiswe kahle ene-pH ene-acidic kancane (phakathi kuka-5,5 no-6,5), nakuba ibonisa ukuguquguquka okukhulu emhlabathini ompofu, oyisihlabathi, nosawoti. Ungakwazi futhi ukubonisana indlela yokutshala utshani obuqinile.
- Umbukiso: Iwubekezelela kahle umthunzi, okwenza ibe yinhle kakhulu ngaphansi kwezihlahla, izindawo ezakhiwe, noma izingadi ezinamahora ambalwa okukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
- Ukunisela: Idinga ukuchelela njalo ngesikhathi sokusungulwa kanye nezigaba zokukhula, kodwa uma isimisiwe, ibekezelela izikhathi zesomiso esisesilinganisweni kangcono kunobunye utshani. Ukugwema ukugcwala kwamanzi kubalulekile ukuvimbela izifo zesikhunta.
- Ukuvundisa: Ayifuni kakhulu; kwanele ukusebenzisa umanyolo olinganiselayo osuselwa ku-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla sekwephuzile.
- I-Altura de corte: Ubude obunconyiwe buphakathi kuka-5 no-7 cm. Ayikubekezeleli ukusikeka okuphansi kakhulu, njengoba kungawenza buthaka ukhaphethi.
- Ukulawula okuzizwayo: Ukwakheka kokuzizwa noma ukuhlangana ngokuvamile kuwukungalungi okukhulu, okudinga ukukhishwa kwaminyaka yonke ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwayo.
Ukuhlwanyela nokusungulwa
Ukuqinisekisa a utshani obunamandla nobuhlala isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo ezithile ekuhlwanyeleni nasekusungulweni kwe-Festuca rubra:
- Isikhathi sokutshala: Kungcono ukuhlwanyela ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukugwema izinyanga zokushisa okukhulu noma amakhaza amakhulu.
- Ukulungiswa kwendawo: Hlanza imfucumfucu, linganisa, khipha amatshe, futhi uhlakulele umhlabathi ukuze uxegise ukucinana kwenhlabathi.
- Ukujula kokuhlwanyela: Imbewu kufanele itshalwe cishe ngo-6 mm ukushona. Ingasakazwa noma itshalwe ngokuphambana kusetshenziswa i-seeder ukukhulisa ukuminyana.
- Ukuchelela ngemva kokuhlwanyela: Gcina umhlabathi uswakeme kuze kuvele ukuhluma nokugunda kuqala.
- Ukuminyana kokutshala: Inani eliphelele livame ukuba phakathi kwama-25 kanye nama-30 amagremu embewu ngemitha-skwele ngayinye ezixubeni, noma ngaphezulu kancane ku-monoculture.
Indlela yokufakelwa ingenziwa futhi omata botshani (imibhede yotshani), okunikeza umphumela osheshayo inqobo nje uma ukuthintana okuhle nomhlabathi nokunisela njalo kokuqala kuqinisekiswa.
Izingxube kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-Festuca rubra
La I-Festuca rubra iyingxenye evamile ye izinga eliphezulu lokuxutshwa kotshani bokuhlobisa noma ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuvame kakhulu kuhlanganiswe nezinye izinhlobo ezifana I-Cynodon dactylon, I-Pratensis o utshani, njenge:
- Ithuthukisa ukumelana nokunyathelwa.
- Ithuthukisa ukujwayela izinhlobo ezahlukene zesimo sezulu nomhlabathi.
- Yandisa ukubekezelela izifo fungal.
Izicelo zayo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Izingadi zokuhlala: Ngenxa yokuthungwa kwayo okuhle nokugcinwa kwayo okuphansi.
- Izifundo zegalofu: Ngaphambili kwemifino nezihlahla, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomthunzi noma ezinomswakama.
- Izindawo zezemidlalo ezilula: Njengengxenye yezingxube zamandla nokululama ngemva kokusetshenziswa.
- Ukubuyiselwa kokwakheka kwezwe: Emithambekeni, amapaki omphakathi kanye nama-medians, ngenxa ye-rusticity yayo.
- Izindawo ezisogwini: Ngenxa yokubekezelelana kwezinye izinhlobo kusawoti kanye namanzi asezingeni eliphansi.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwe-Festuca rubra grass
- Ventajas:
- Ukumelana nezimo ezimbi (okubandayo, umthunzi, umhlabathi ompofu kanye nosawoti).
- Ukuthungwa okuhle nokuminyene, ukuhlobisa kakhulu.
- Izidingo eziphansi zokuvundisa kanye nokugcinwa kwazo.
- Impilo yeshelufu ende ezixubeni ezifanele.
- Izinkinga:
- I-Propensity to felting edinga ukuqedwa konyaka.
- Ayikubekezeleli ukusikeka okuphansi kakhulu noma ukunyathelwa okunamandla ku-monoculture.
- Ukukhula kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nobunye utshani obufana ne-ryegrass.
Izifo eziyinhloko nezinambuzane
I-Festuca rubra ine izivikelo ezinhle zemvelo ezifweni eziningi, kodwa ingathinteka yilokhu:
- Izifo ze-fungal: I-Helminthosporiasis, ukugqwala, indawo yamaqabunga, nendawo yedola. Izinhlobo zanamuhla ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukumelana nezakhi zofuzo kulezi zifo.
- Izinambuzane: Akuvamile ukuhlaselwa kanzima, nakuba amazinga aphezulu okuzizwa angavuna ukuba khona kwezinambuzane ezinjenge-larva ye-tipula.
Ukufakwa kwe ama-endophytes Embewu yezinhlobo zamanje, kwandisa kakhulu ukumelana nezifo kanye nezinambuzane ezithile ezimuncayo.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-Festuca rubra
- Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhluma? Ngokuvamile phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 neziyi-14, kuye ngezinga lokushisa lomhlabathi kanye nomswakama.
- Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusungula? Kucatshangwa ukuthi itshalwe ngemva kwamasonto angu-6-8 ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokukhanya, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama.
- Ngingayisebenzisa njengokuphela kwezinhlobo zezilwane? Kuyenzeka, kodwa kuvame ukutuswa ukuxutshwa nobunye utshani ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumbozwa kanye nokumelana nokunyathelwa.
- Ingabe idinga ukuchelela njalo? Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa yebo, kamuva kuphela ngezikhathi ezinde zesomiso.
- Ingabe bayayibekezelela inhlabathi ene-asidi? Yebo, ngisho nenhlabathi ene-acidic kancane ilungele ukukhula kwayo.
