Isingeniso se-Moricandia arvensis
I-Moricandia arvensis, evame ukwaziwa ngokuthi iqoqo, isitshalo sasendle esomndeni wakwa Brassicaceae (esiphambanweni). Igqama ngekhono layo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezingezinhle kanye nenani layo lokuhlobisa kanye nemvelo. Kuvamile ezindaweni ezomile kanye nenhlabathi empofu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zaseNyakatho Afrika naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia. I-collejón iyaziswa kakhulu ekulimeni izingadi ngenxa yayo izimbali zokubukisa kanye nokulinywa kwayo kalula, kanye neqhaza layo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zendawo.
Incazelo ye-botanical nezici
La I-Moricandia arvensis kuwumusa i-herbaceous, yonyaka noma ingapheli, ebonakala ngokuthi Iziqu eziqondile neziguquguqukayo engafinyelela kumasentimitha angama-80 ukuphakama ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo. Yabo ukukhula ngokushesha futhi umjikelezo wayo wempilo omfushane uwuhlukanisa njengesitshalo se-therophyte. Iveza a izimpande okunomthelela ekuzijwayeleni kwayo ezindaweni ezomile nezingavundile.
I-Las amaqabunga e-basal Ngokuvamile ziba nenyama futhi zicwebezelayo, ezinohlaka olumise okwenhliziyo kanye ne-obtuse apex, ziba zikhomba kakhudlwana futhi zihlanganise isiqu esisekelweni njengoba ziphakama. Amaqabunga awahlelwanga nge-rosette, isici esiza ukuyihlukanisa kwezinye izitshalo ze-cruciferous.
Esinye sezici ezigqama kakhulu ze-Moricandia arvensis yikho inflorescence: iyatholakala ku amaqoqo apical yiliphi iqembu eliphakathi kwezimbali eziyi-10 nezingama-20, ngayinye enamacembe amane athatha umumo we-cruciform. amacembe Zingafinyelela ku-3 amasentimitha ubude futhi zibe nemithunzi i-lilac, emhlophe noma e-pink ephaphathekile, enokuhlukahluka kwezinkathi ezithile zonyaka ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okuhle kwe-phenotypic, ngisho nokunikeza izimbali ezimhlophe enkathini eyome kakhulu noma eshisa kakhulu.
El isithelo esijwayelekile Kuyinto a i-silique eqondile futhi ecindezelwe, isici kakhulu somndeni, esiqukethe eziningi imbewu encane, ukuvumela ukuhlakazwa nokusungulwa kwezifanekiso ezintsha ezindaweni ezinzima.
Ukusabalalisa kanye nendawo yokuhlala yemvelo
I-Moricandia arvensis idabuka khona izindawo ezomile neziwugwadule, njenge- Ugwadule iSahara, eNyakatho Afrika kanye nezifunda ze eningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana ne-Murcia, Almería noma i-Alicante. Indawo yayo ethandwayo ihlanganisa nenhlabathi i-calcareous, i-gypsum noma isisekelo, i-marly ne-ruderal, lapho ezinye izitshalo zingachumi neze.
Su ukuzivumelanisa nezimo Ivumela ukuthi ichume emhlabeni owonakele, yenze kube lula ukwenziwa kwamakoloni kwenhlabathi empofu futhi ibe negalelo ekubuyiselweni kwemvelo. Ibuye yabonwa emasimini angafunyelwe nangaseceleni kwemigwaqo, lapho ingakha khona okhaphethi abaluhlaza bangempela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, okubonisa ukufika kwentwasahlobo kwezinye izindawo zaseMedithera.
Izimbali kanye nomjikelezo wezinto eziphilayo
Ezimweni zezulu ezipholile, ukuqhakaza kwe-Moricandia arvensis kungabonwa cishe unyaka wonke, nokuqhakaza okuphezulu phakathi nezinyanga zezinguquko phakathi kwezinkathi zonyaka. Ezindaweni ezisogwini, izitshalo zingakhiqiza izimbali unyaka wonke, nakuba izikhathi zokuqhakaza eziphakeme ngokuvamile ziqondana nentwasahlobo nekwindla.
Ikhophi ngayinye iyathuthuka ngokushesha umjikelezo wayo wokuphila, imila ngemva kwemvula yokuqala futhi ikhule ngamandla ize ifinyelele ekuvuthweni. ipulasitiki ngombala Ukukhula kwezimbali zayo kusabela ezimweni zemvelo ezifana nezinga lokushisa nokutholakala kwamanzi. Ukuphila kwesitshalo kungaba unyaka owodwa noma emibili, kuye ngezici ezifana nokutholakala kwamanzi kanye nezinga lokushisa elibi kakhulu.
Ukubaluleka kwemvelo kanye nobudlelwano nezilwane
I-Moricandia arvensis idlala indima evelele endaweni eyomile kanye ne-semi-arid ecosystem. Izimbali zayo ukuheha izinambuzane ezimpova njengezinyosi nezimvemvane, ezithola kokubili ukudla nendawo yokuhlala emaqoqweni ezimbali. Ngakho-ke, ubukhona babo buvuna eziphilayo kanye nempilo ye-ecosystem lapho itholakala khona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokukhula kwayo emhlabathini ompofu, lesi sitshalo siyasiza lungisa umhlabathi, ukunciphisa ukuguguleka nokuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-substrate, kube lula ukuphindaphinda kwezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo. Kuvame ukubonwa ezindaweni lapho umhlabathi uphazamisekile, udlala indima yokuqala ekuvuseleleni imvelo.
Umhlahlandlela Wokunakekela: Ukukhula Nokugcina
Ukukhulisa i-Moricandia arvensis kuwumsebenzi olula, olungele abalimi abasaqalayo noma labo abafisa ukucebisa izindawo ezinganakekeli kakhulu izinhlobo ze-rustic nezimelana nazo. Nansi indlela yokufeza lokhu:
- Ukuchayeka nokukhanya kwelanga: Idinga izindawo ezinelanga kakhulu, okungcono ukuthola okungaphezu kwalokho Amahora angu-6 okukhanya okuqondile kusesikhathini.
- Uhlobo lwaphansi: Ayifuni ngenkani, nakuba ithanda inhlabathi kukhishwe kahle kanye ne-calcareous, gypsum, noma i-alkaline nature. Ibekezelela ngokuphelele izimo zobumpofu bomsoco kanye nenhlabathi eyonakele.
- Ukunisela: Umswakama we-substrate kufanele ube ngokulinganisela. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukuzindlaUmhlabathi akufanele wome ngokuphelele, kodwa futhi akufanele uhlale umanzi isikhathi eside. Kunconywa ukunisela kuphela uma ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-substrate lomile kuze kube yilapho luthinta.
- Ukuvundisa: Ayidingi umanyolo, okwenza kube uhlobo lwe ukugcinwa okuphansiUkuthuthukiswa kwayo okunamandla kwenzeka ngisho nalapho kungekho manyolo noma izithako zokudla okunomsoco.
- Ukuthena: Ayidingi ukuthenwa njalo, nakuba iziqu ezomile noma ezilimele zingasuswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubukeka kwayo kokuhlobisa futhi kuvimbele izifo.
- Ukumelana: Ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu, izikhathi zesomiso kanye nosawoti ophakathi.
Ukuhlwanyela nokusabalalisa
Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Moricandia arvensis kwenziwa kakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa imbewu. Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, kuyanconywa cwilisa imbewu emanzini amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Lokhu kuthuthukisa amazinga okuhluma, ngokuvamile aphezulu kakhulu. Bese zihlwanyelwa ngqo ku-substrate, zigcina izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo (15°C ebusuku futhi lifike ku-20°C emini).
Ukuphuma kwezithombo kuyashesha futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele a Ukukhula okusheshisiweLesi sitshalo singakhula ezimbizeni, ezingadini, nasemingceleni, okusenza sibe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu ezindaweni ezinzima lapho ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zingachumi khona.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Moricandia arvensis ibonisa okuphawulekayo ukumelana nezifo kanye nezinambuzane ezivamile zasengadini. Ukuqapha okukhulu kakhulu kufanele kuthathwe ama-aphid namacimbi, okungase kuvele ngaphansi kwezimo zomswakama owedlulele noma phakathi nezikhathi ezomile ezinde. Kunconywa ukuthi uvamise ukuhlola amaqabunga neziqu futhi usebenzise izindlela eziphilayo njengensipho ye-potassium noma infusions yemvelo ukuze ulawule ukuhlasela kokuqala.
Ngokuvamile, ukuqina kwayo kuyivikela ezinkingeni eziningi ze-phytosanitary, okwenza kube lula ukugcinwa kwayo.
Inani lokuhlobisa kanye nokusetshenziswa engadini
I-collejón isitshalo esaziswa kakhulu eMedithera kanye ne-xeric gardening, ngenxa yaso imfuneko yamanzi aphansi kanye nekhono layo loku lungisa izindawo ezinzima. Ilungele izingadi ezisimeme, amarokhethi, imigwaqo kanye nezindawo okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo. Yakho izimbali zokubukisa kanye nomjikelezo wayo omude wokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuyenza ibe yinsiza ebalulekile yokuheha abathwali bempova nokufaka imibala endaweni yemvelo noma yasemadolobheni.
Endaweni yayo yasendle, iphinde isetshenziselwe ukubuyisela inhlabathi kanye nokwenza ngcono izindawo zokuhlala ezonakele, okunomthelela omkhulu ukugcina izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zendawo.
Ulwazi olwengeziwe: taxonomy kanye curiosities
- Igama lesayensi: I-Moricandia arvensis
- Umndeni: I-Brassicaceae noma iCruciferae
- Omqondofana Botanical: Kufaka phakathi i-Brassica arvensis, i-Brassica moricandia, i-Turritis arvensis, i-Agrosinapis arvensis, phakathi kokunye.
- I-Etymology: Igama lohlobo I-Moricandia ihlonipha isazi sezitshalo saseSwitzerland uMoïse Étienne Moricand, kuyilapho i-epithet i-arvensis lisho "insimu" ngesiLatini.
- Ukusabalalisa: ENyakatho Afrika, iSahara, eningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, ikakhulukazi izindawo ezisogwini nezomile.
Phakathi nePhasika, kuvamile ukubona amasimu amakhulu afakwe i-lilac, ngenxa yobuningi bezimbali eziqhakazayo. Lokhu kuqhakaza okumangalisayo kubonisa ukuqala kwentwasahlobo ezindaweni eziningi zaseMedithera futhi kuwumbukwane obonakalayo oqinisekisa ukubaluleka kokuhlobisa kwalolu hlobo.
I-Moricandia arvensis, ngenxa yokuqina nobuhle bayo, isizimise njengenketho ebalulekile kukho kokubili izingadi ezisimeme kanye namaphrojekthi okubuyisela imvelo, enikeza izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele: ukunakekelwa okuphansi, ukumelana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu, kanye negalelo eliqhubekayo ezilwaneni zasendle zendawo.
