I-chard (I-Beta vulgaris) iyimifino enamahlamvu eyaziswa kakhulu ekhishini ngenxa yayo ukunotha komsoco kanye nalo nokuguquguquka. ISu ezikhula ezimbizeni Ikuvumela ukuthi ujabulele amathenda, amaqabunga amasha cishe unyaka wonke, ngisho nasezindaweni ezincane noma kovulandi basemadolobheni. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sichaza ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokukhulisa i-chard ebhodweni, kusukela ekuhlwanyeleni kuya ekuvuneni, ukumboza ukunakekelwa, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, kanye nezixazululo zezinkinga ezivamile, ukuhlanganisa izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu nezeluleko zochwepheshe.
Izimpawu kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-Swiss Chard
I-chard Ingowomndeni we-Chenopodiaceae futhi iyisitshalo esihlala iminyaka emibili: ikhula amaqabunga ngonyaka wokuqala kanye nezimbali kanye nembewu kowesibili. Itshalwa ikakhulukazi amahlamvu ayo kanye nesiqu, ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphekeni. Baningi izinhlobo, okungahlukaniswa ngombala wamaqabunga awo noma iziqu (ezimhlophe, eziphuzi, ezibomvu, noma eziluhlaza ngokujulile). Ezinye zezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ezingadini zasemadolobheni yilezi:
- I-Yellow Lyon chard, ukukhetha kuka-Linda: amaqabunga amaningi, anamanzi anokukhiqiza okuphezulu.
- Ishadi eliluhlaza elinezinhlanga ezimhlophe: imelana nokubholting, ilungele izitshalo zasehlobo.
- I-green chard ongayisika: ikhiqiza kakhulu futhi inamaqabunga amhlophe.
- Ichard leqabunga elibomvu noma eliphuzi: ezikhangayo ezingadini ngombala wazo futhi ezidliwayo.
Kungani Ukhulisa I-Swiss Chard Emabhodweni?
Ukutshala i-chard ezitsheni kunezinzuzo eziningi:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala: Ungaba nengadi yakho ngisho nakumavulandi amancane noma amasimu.
- Ukulawula kalula: Ukulawula izinambuzane, ukuchelela kanye nokukhulelwa kulula.
- Ukukhiqizwa kwezigaba: Ungakwazi ukuqoqa amaqabunga njengoba kudingeka, ukuthola ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo.
- Ikhwalithi nobusha: dla amahlamvu akho ngalolo suku lokuvuna.
Izidingo Zokukhulisa I-Swiss Chard Emabhodweni
I-Swiss chard iguquguquka kakhulu, kodwa ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu emabhodweni, gcina lokhu okulandelayo engqondweni:
- Uhlobo lwebhodwe nosayizi: Sebenzisa iziqukathi ezinomthamo okungenani wamalitha angama-25 esitshalweni esidala. Ukuze uthole amahlumela amancane, ungasebenzisa amabhodwe angu-3-litre futhi uvune amaqabunga amancane njalo.
- Ukujula okuncane: okungenani u-30 cm, njengoba, nakuba i-chard ingenayo izimpande ezijulile kakhulu, idinga isikhala ukuze ikhule ngamandla.
- Isendlalelo: Kufanele icebile nge-organic matter (umquba, i-worm castings) futhi ibe nokugeleza okuhle. Incamela inhlabathi enobumba oluncane, entsha, futhi evulekile. I-pH ephakathi kuka-6,5-7,5 ilungile.
- Umbukiso: Ikhula kahle elangeni eligcwele nasemthunzini oyingxenye. Ezimweni ezishisayo kakhulu, ikhetha umthunzi oyingxenye ukuze ivimbele ukubopha ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Kunini Futhi Kanjani Ukutshala I-Swiss Chard Ezitsheni
La ukuhlwanyela i-chard Ingatshalwa ngezikhathi ezimbili ezibalulekile: intwasahlobo nekwindla. Ezimweni ezipholile, kungenzeka ukuhlwanyela cishe unyaka wonke, ukugwema izinyanga ezishisa kakhulu uma izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-28-30°C, njengoba isitshalo singase siqine ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Ukuhlwanyela okuqondile: Beka imbewu noma i-glomeruli (ngayinye iqukethe imbewu eminingi) ijule ngo-2-3 cm ku-substrate eswakanyiswe. Beka imbewu eyodwa njalo ngo-30 cm. Uma uhlwanyela ezitshalweni ezinkulu noma ematafuleni akhulayo, tshala indawo engaba ngu-30 cm ukuhlukana futhi imigqa eqhelelene ngamasentimitha angama-40.
- Embhedeni wezimbewu: Lena inketho enconyiwe yekwindla. Hlwanyela i-glomerulus engu-1 isokhethi ngalinye ekujuleni kuka-2-3 cm. Gcina inhlabathi imanzi kuze kuhlume, futhi lapho izithombo zinamaqabunga eqiniso angama-5-6 noma zifinyelela ku-10-15 cm ukuphakama, zifake ebhodweni lazo lokugcina.
Imbewu ye-Swiss chard iqhuma ngokushesha; amaqabunga okuqala ngokuvamile avela ezinsukwini ezingu-7 kuya kweziyi-14. Izithombo eziningana zivame ukuvela esigaxeni ngasinye. Uma sezihlumile, khetha kuphela eziqine kakhulu kuqoqo ngalinye bese ulahla okunye.
Ukunakekelwa Okubalulekile kwe-Healthy Chard
- Ukunisela: Izidingo ze-Swiss chard umswakama njalo kodwa ayikubekezeleli ukugcwala kwamanzi. Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo futhi kube lula, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ama-drip noma ama-exudate systems alungele ukugcina umswakama ngisho.
- Okuhlanganisiwe: Mboza ingaphezulu le-substrate ngohlaka, amaqabunga omile noma i-comfrey ukuze unciphise ukuhwamuka kwamanzi futhi uvimbele ukhula.
- Obhalisile: I-Swiss chard ifuna i-nitrogen. Faka umquba noma izikelemu njalo. Uma usebenzisa ama-organic liquid fertilizer, gcoba njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-10 kuya kweziyi-15 ukuze ukhuthaze ukukhula kwamaqabunga amakhulu, athambile.
- Ukukhipha amaqabunga: Sika amaqabunga aphuzi noma awonakele njalo ukuze uvimbele izifo futhi ukhuthaze ukukhula kwamaqabunga amasha.
- Ukutshala: Uma ungazange umboze ukhula, susa ukhula ngezikhathi ezithile.
Izinambuzane Ezivamile Nezifo Ekulimeni kweSwiss Chard
I-Swiss chard imelana nezinambuzane eziningi, kodwa kufanele unake:
- I-Aphid: Amakoloni amancane ezinambuzane emaqabunga amancane. Ungalwa nabo ngensipho ye-potassium noma uwoyela we-neem.
- Isikhutha: Isikhunta sithandwa umswakama owedlulele kanye nokungaphumi kahle kwamanzi. Gwema ukumanzisa amaqabunga, nisela i-substrate kuphela, futhi uthuthukise umoya.
- Ama-slugs kanye neminenke: Ekhangwa umswakama, angase adle amaqabunga. Sebenzisa izicupho zemvelo noma izithiyo ezenziwe ngamagobolondo amaqanda noma umlotha.
- Ukubola kwesiqu namaqabunga: Okuhlobene nokunisela ngokweqile kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Yenza ngcono ukugeleza kwamanzi futhi ususe izindawo ezithintekile.
Ukuvuna I-Potted Chard
Isivuno se-chard si ediyazelaUngaqala ukuvuna amaqabunga angaphandle uma esebude bungama-20-25 cm (imvamisa ezinyangeni ezi-2 kuya kwezingu-3 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela). Ukusikwa kufanele kwenziwe phansi kwesiqu, kushiye isikhungo sesitshalo siphelele ukuze sihlume futhi. Uma ugcina uhlelo lokuvuna, ungajabulela i-chard entsha unyaka wonke. Ezimweni ezipholile noma ezifudumele, ukukhiqizwa kungahlala izinyanga ezi-4 kuya kweziyisi-6. Ezimweni ezibandayo, vikela izitshalo kusithwathwa ngengubo yokulala eshisayo ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala.
Izinhlangano kanye Nokushintshaniswa Kwezitshalo
I-Chard ikhula kahle eduze kwezaqathi, ama-radishes, amatheniphu, u-anyanisi, i-broccoli, nolethisi. Akunconywa ukutshala eduze kwama-beet noma isipinashi, njengoba ziqhudelana ngemisoco efanayo. izakhamzimbaFuthi, gwema ukubeka i-chard eduze kukatamatisi, ama-leeks, i-basil, noma i-asparagus.
Amathiphu Angeziwe Wokukhula Okuphumelelayo Kwe-Potted Swiss Chard
- Sebenzisa ngokunenzuzo amahlumela noma i-baby chard ukuze ungeze kumasaladi uma utshala kakhulu.
- Khetha izinhlobo ezihlinzeka ngokukhiqiza okuhle ngokwesimo sezulu sakho nendawo etholakalayo.
- Qinisa inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile ngomquba noma i-humus ukuze ugcine ukukhula okunamandla.
- Uma unesikhala samabhodwe ambalwa kuphela, izitshalo ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4 zinganele. ukusetshenziswa komndeni.
- Amaqabunga avuniwe angagcinwa ebanda noma eqandiswe izinyanga ezimbalwa.
Izakhiwo Zomsoco ze-Swiss Chard
I-Swiss chard iwumthombo omuhle kakhulu we Amavithamini A, C no-K, i-folic acid, i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-calcium, insimbi ne-fiberIne-diuretic ne-laxative emnene, isiza ukugaya, futhi iqinise amathambo kanye namasosha omzimba.
Ukukhula kwe-chard ebhodweni kuyindlela ekahle kulabo abafuna ukuqala ingadi yasemadolobheni futhi basebenzise kakhulu izindawo ezincane. Ngokulandela lezi zincomo futhi ulungise ukuchelela nokufaka umquba ngokuya ngesizini, ungajabulela amaqabunga aluhlaza amasha, anomsoco izinyanga, ngokwanelisa ukuzikhulisela ukudla kwakho ekhaya.
