I-vermicomposting yasekhaya Yethulwa njengendlela ehlukile yemvelo, eyongayo, futhi esebenza kahle kakhulu yokuphatha, ukugaywa kabusha, kanye nokutholwa kukadoti wezinto eziphilayo ezindaweni ezincane, njengamafulethi, ovulandi, amathala, namavulandi amancane. Nakuba abantu abaningi becabanga ukuthi badinga izindawo ezinkulu ukuze benze umquba, ngenxa ye-vermicomposting, kungenzeka ukuguqula ingxenye eningi kakhulu yemfucuza yethu (kufika ku-40-50% wesamba semfucuza yasendlini) Earthworm humus, umanyolo wemvelo wekhwalithi ephezulu, ukuphatha inqwaba yemfucuza eguqulelwe ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke futhi ngaphandle kwenkathazo yephunga noma izinambuzane.
Iyini i-vermicomposting futhi isebenza kanjani?
I-Vermicomposting siqukethe i- i-biooxidation elawulwayo yezinto eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi ngokusebenza kwezikelemu ezibomvu (i-Eisenia fetida) namanye amagciwane abolayo. I-organic matter efakiwe (izithelo, imifino, amakhadibhodi amanzi, izizathu zekhofi, njll.) iyagaywa futhi iguqulwe ibe i-humus ezinzile, ngaphandle kokubangela ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa noma iphunga elimnandi, ngenxa yomsebenzi we-aerobic wezibungu kanye nesakhiwo esifanele se-substrate. Ukuba khona kwezikelemu akusheshi nje kuphela inqubo kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomquba wokugcina, ukunikeza imisoco ebalulekile, ukwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, nokwandisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokungenisa umoya.
Izinzuzo ze-vermicomposting ezindaweni ezincane
El i-vermicomposting yasekhaya Ifaneleka ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezincane ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:
- Kuthatha indawo encane: Ama-vermicomposter asekhaya ngokuvamile aminyene, ayabekeka, futhi aguquleka kalula kunoma yiliphi ikhona lekhaya, ngisho nasendlini.
- Ayikhiqizi iphunga elibi: Uma kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, inqubo ihlanzekile futhi ayinaphunga, futhi ingafakwa emakhishini, kuvulandi, noma kumathala ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
- Uzonciphisa umthamo wemfucuza: Ngaphezu kuka-40% wemfucuza yasendlini ingagaywa kabusha ngale ndlela.
- Uthola umanyolo we-organic kanye ne-leachate: Umquba ovelayo nomanyolo owuketshezi ucebisa izimbiza zezimbali, izingadi zasemadolobheni, izitshalo zokuhlobisa nezingadi.
- Umnikelo wezemvelo: Ukugaywa kabusha ekhaya kunciphisa i-carbon footprint yakho, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo wamakhemikhali, futhi kunciphisa ukuphathwa kwemfucuza nokuthuthwa.
Izinto ezifanele nezimo ze-vermicomposting yasekhaya
Ukuqala i-vermicomposting ekhaya udinga:
- I-Vermicomposter: Lesi yisitsha lapho inqubo yenzeka khona. Ingathengwa noma yenziwe ekhaya kusetshenziswa amabhokisi epulasitiki, izinkuni, noma i-polystyrene. Kufanele ibe namathileyi anembobo noma ama-tier kanye nethreyi ephansi yokuqoqa ama-leachate.
- I-substrate yokuqala: Imicu kakhukhunathi, umquba ovuthiwe, noma ingxube yenhlabathi engenawo umoya onobulongwe obuvutshelwe ngaphambili kuyanconywa.
- Isibungu esibomvu saseCalifornia: I-Eisenia fetida iwuhlobo olusebenza kahle kakhulu ngenxa yokuvuvuka kwayo, ukuguquguquka, kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokuzala. Ibonakala ngombala wayo obomvu nosayizi, kusukela ku-5 kuya ku-9 cm.
- Udoti wemvelo wasekhaya: Amakhasi nezinhlamvu zezithelo nemifino, amabala ekhofi, amagobolondo amaqanda agayiwe, amakhadibhodi nephepha elingenabo oyinki bepulasitiki, izikhwama zetiye, izinwele, notshani obuncane.
I-Las izimo ezinhle ngoba izikelemu ziyi:
- Umswakamo oqhubekayo (70-80%); gcina i-substrate imanzi kodwa ingalokothi igcwale amanzi.
- Ukungabikho okuphelele kokukhanya okuqondile: Vikela umquba wezikelemu elangeni nasekukhanyeni okuqinile kokwenziwa; izikelemu zigwema ukukhanya.
- Izinga lokushisa elizinzile phakathi kuka-15 no-25ºC: Nakuba zingaphila phakathi kuka-4 no-30ºC, ziyakhula futhi zizalane kahle kakhulu ebangeni elifanele.
- I-pH engathathi hlangothi noma ene-alkaline kancane: Gwema izinsalela ezine-asidi eningi njengenani elikhulu lezithelo ezisawolintshi noma uviniga.
Yini ongayenza futhi ongakwazi ukuyenza umquba?
Imfucuza enconyiwe:
- Izinsalela zezithelo nemifino (okuluhlaza), amakhasi, izikhumba kanye nokugaywa kahle.
- Itiye elisele, infusions kanye nekhofi (kufakwe nezihlungi zephepha).
- Ikhadibhodi nephepha elingenaziyinki zepulasitiki, lihlale liswakanyiswe futhi lisikiwe.
- Amagobolondo amaqanda agaywe kahle (nikeza i-calcium).
- Izingcezu ezincane zotshani, amaqabunga aluhlaza kanye nezinwele.
Gwema ukungeza:
- Inani elikhulu lezithelo ezisawolintshi, u-anyanisi, izinongo noma ukudla okune-asidi ngokweqile.
- Amathambo, inyama, inhlanzi noma ukudla okuvela ezilwaneni (kudonsa izinambuzane futhi kukhiphe iphunga elibi).
- Ushizi, imikhiqizo yobisi, amasoso kanye nokudla okunamafutha kakhulu.
- Iphepha elaminyanisiwe noma elicwebezelayo, izinaliti zikaphayini, nezitshalo eziphathwa ngemikhiqizo enobuthi.
- Ama-Walnut, ama-chestnut noma ama-willow amaqabunga ngenxa yezinhlanganisela zawo ze-alelopathic.
Khumbula: Uma ukudla kuhlukahluka kakhulu, umphumela uba ngcono futhi i-hummus ekhiqizwayo izoba nokulinganisela.
Ukunakekelwa, ukuxazulula inkinga, namathiphu asebenzayo
- Ukuntuleka komswakama: Uma i-substrate yomile noma kuvela izintuthwane, manzisa ngobumnene enkungwini ecolekile futhi ugweme okomile okweqile.
- Umswakama omningi/Ukuminyana: Uma ubona ukuthi i-substrate iyaqina, iphunga kabi, noma izikelemu zikhuphukela phezulu, faka umoya ku-substrate, engeza amakhadibhodi omile, futhi unciphise ukuchelela.
- Iphunga elibi: Susa izinsalela ezibolayo, zikhiphe emoyeni, futhi unikeze izinto ezomile njengephepha nekhadibhodi.
- Izimpukane zezithelo: Njalo vala izinsalela ezintsha ngongqimba lwephepha, amakhadibhodi noma i-fiber ukuze uvimbele ukuthi zingaveli.
- Izinambuzane ezincane nezicabucabu ezincane: Abafaki nkinga; bayingxenye ye-ecosystem ye-vermicomposter.
- Amaholide: Shiya okunye ukudla, hlola umswakama, bese uvala i-substrate ngendwangu emanzi. Uma ungekho isikhathi eside, ibhodlela elinezimbobo ezincane lingagcina umswakama.
Ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-vermicompost
Ngaphansi kwezimo zasekhaya, njalo ngamakhilogremu angama-20 wemfucuza ephilayo ingakhiqiza phakathi kuka-6 no-10 kg Earthworm humus Cishe ezinyangeni ezi-4-5, kuye ngenani lezibungu, uhlobo lokudla, nomswakama nokuphathwa kwezinga lokushisa. Impahla yokugcina kuzoba umquba omnyama, onephunga elimnandi, onokwakheka okuxekethile, olungele izingadi zasemadolobheni, izingadi zamasitsha, izitshalo zokuhlobisa, kanye nemibhede yembewu. I-leachate eqoqiwe ihle kakhulu njengomanyolo owuketshezi, ohlale ehlanjululwa emanzini ngaphambi kokufaka.
I-Vermicompost Izonothisa inhlabathi yakho, ithuthukise ukwakheka kwayo nokuvunda, futhi yenze kube lula nokugcinwa kwamanzi. Kuphinde kugqugquzele ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kwenhlabathi futhi kusize ekunciphiseni ukuthengwa komanyolo wamakhemikhali, ukukhiqiza ukonga ngokwezimali kanye nokwenza ngcono impilo yezitshalo zakho. Konke lokhu, kusukela ekunethezekeni kwekhaya lakho kanye nomthelela omuhle kwezemvelo, okusiza ukushintshela empilweni eqhubekayo.