Ingabe uyakwazi ukulinywa ku idwala uvoloLe substrate ye-inert mineral isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-hydroponic horticulture kanye nokulima okunembayo okunezidingo ezikhethekile. isakhiwo se-fibrous inikeza inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yokugcina amanzi, ukudonsa amanzi kanye nomoya-mpilo okhuthaza ukukhula okunamandla kwezimpande kusuka ezingadini zasekhaya kuya izinhlelo zokuhweba ezinokukhiqiza okuphezulu.
I-Rockwool inikeza izinzuzo eziningi zokukhula nokuphatha izitshalo, kuyilapho idinga ukuchelela ngokucophelela nokuphathwa komsoco. Lapha uzothola konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokukhula ku-rockwool: ukuthi iyini, ukuthi yenziwa kanjani, izakhiwo zayo, amafomethi, ukusetshenziswa, ukulungiswa, ukuchelela, i-pH ne-EC, i-microbiology, ukusimama, ukusetshenziswa kabusha, umehluko namanye ama-substrates, ukuphepha, kanye nokungalungi okuvame kakhulu kwezixazululo ze-rockwool.
Yini i-rock wool?
Uboya betshe (noma i-mineral wool) iyindawo yokukhula esekwe kumaminerali eyenziwe nge-basalt nedwala le-limestone. Nakuba kungeyona into ephilayo, Kubhekwa njengomkhiqizo wemvelo evela ematsheni namaminerali. Yazalwa njenge-insulator eshisayo ne-acoustic futhi yavela yaba enye yezindawo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-hydroponics Ngenxa yokuzinza, ukuhlanzeka, nokulawulwa kwendawo yezimpande, isetshenziswa ngempumelelo kumatamatisi, ukhukhamba, upelepele, ama-strawberry, amakhabe, amakhambi okupheka, kanye nasezimbalini ezisikiwe.
Yenziwa kanjani futhi yenziwe ngani
Itshe le-basalt kanye ne-limestone liyancibilika emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ibe yinqwaba efana ne-lava ephothwa ibe imicu emihle ngamarotha anesivinini esikhulu, ngenqubo eqhathaniswa noswidi kakotini. Ngemva kwalokho, amafayibha acindezelwa abe amacansi ezisikwa zibe amabhlogo, ama-slabs, noma ama-granulated. Ukuze zisetshenziswe ezolimo, zifakiwe ama-binder nama-hydrophilic agents okwenza ngcono ukumanzisa, ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi, nokuzinza kwesakhiwo. Ukuminyana okujwayelekile kwe-substrate kusuka ku-50 kuya ku-70 kg nge-cubic meter ngayinye, kuye ngesitshalo, ikhwalithi yamanzi, neminyaka yokuphila elindelekile. I-fiber orientation (evundlile noma eqondile) ithonya i- ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwamanzi kanye nokukhipha amanzi, kanye nasekuqineni kwezinto.
Izici ezenza kube i-substrate enembile
Igcina umswakama kahle kakhulu Ngenxa yenethiwekhi yayo ye-microfiber, yenza njengesipontshi esigcina amanzi atholakalayo nezakhi phakathi kokunisela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphuma ngokushesha ngokweqile, ukugwema ama-puddles.
I-porosity yayo elinganiselayo iqinisekisa umoya-mpilo omkhulu wezimpandeUkunisela ngakunye kuvuselela umoya ezimbotsheni, okuthuthukisa ukuphefumula kwezimpande namandla okukhula.
Ukuba impahla engasebenzi ngamakhemikhali futhi enamandla okushintshanisa i-cation ayiziro, ayinikezi usawoti noma izakhi futhi ayiphazamisi ibhalansi yekhambi lezakhi. Lokhu kudinga ukukhulelwa ngokucophelela, kodwa kuyakuvumela ukulawula okuphelele kwe-pH ne-EC.
Iqinile, ilula futhi izinzile, isekela i-architecture yezimpande ngaphandle kokubumbana, futhi isiza ukugcina izitshalo ziqondile ngisho nangesikhathi esidinga izigaba zokukhiqiza. Nokho, iyethula inertia ephansi yokushisa, ngakho izinga lokushisa layo lingashintshashintsha ngokushesha kuye emisebeni.
Amafomethi atholakalayo nobukhulu bezentengiso
- Ama-Tacos noma amapulakiAma-cubes amancane anembobo yokuhluma nokusika. Osayizi bethreyi lembewu abavamile bangama-7x7x6 cm; Amakhyubhu angu-10x10x6,5 cm nawo ayatholakala, awusizo njengesinyathelo sokuqala kuma-slabs.
- Amabhulokhi amakhulu nama-cubes: Zithatha izitshalo ezihlangene noma zisebenza njengesiteji esimaphakathi ngaphambi kwama-slabs.
- Ama-slabs noma ama-slabs: amabhodi angama-rectangular, ngokuvamile angu-100 cm ubude ngo-10×10, 15×10 noma 20×10 cm ububanzi naphezulu. Bafike sebegoqwe ngoplastiki Ukuze kuncishiswe ama-algae futhi kube lula ukuphatha, ama-drainage slits kufanele avulwe ngaphambi kokutshala.
- Kuklanyelwe: ukuxutshwa enhlabathini enzima, kuthuthukisa ukungena nokukhipha amanzi, noma amasistimu athile.
Ukusetshenziswa Main kwezolimo
- Ukuhluma kwembewu: Amapulaki agcina ukuswakama okulinganayo ngaphandle kokugcwala, isici esibalulekile sokuvula ama-enzyme embewu.
- Ukusabalala kwe-cuttings: indawo eyinyumba, engenzi lutho ethanda ukutshalwa kwezimpande; umswakama ophezulu ubalulekile ukuvimbela ukubola.
- Ukukhiqizwa kuma-slabs: ukulima okuphelele ngokunisela nge-drip i-high frequency; ilungele ukuzishintshanisa kanye nokujikeleza kabusha.
- Isithuthukisi somhlabathi: kuxutshwe ngobumba noma kuhlanganiswe, kwandisa i-porosity futhi andise ukutholakala kwamanzi ngaphandle kwezikhukhula.
Ukulungiselela, ukuchelela, i-pH kanye ne-EC
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, ama-hydrate kanye nezimo zoboya be-rock ngamanzi ane-asidi ukunciphisa i-alkalinity eyinsalela evela ekukhiqizeni. Ukucwiliswa emanzini isikhathi eside kungathatha imizuzu embalwa kumapulaki kuye emahoreni ambalwa noma ngosuku kuma-slabs, kuye ngokuminyana. Sebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile; uma kungenzeka, amaminerali aphansiGwema ukucindezela ama-cubes lapho uwasusa; uma kunamanzi amaningi, wanyakazise kahle ukuze ugweme ukubhidlika isakhiwo sawo esinezimbotshana.
Ekulimeni, lungisa i-pH yesisombululo sezakhi zibe uhla oluhambisana nohlobo ngalunye; amanani ajwayelekile acishe abe ngu-5,5-6,5. Qaphela i-EC Nsuku zonke ezinhlelweni ezijikelezayo: esimweni sezulu esishisayo, izitshalo ziphuza amanzi amaningi kunosawoti, futhi i-EC iphakama; esimweni sezulu esibandayo nesiswakeme, kungancipha ngenxa yokwanda kokumuncwa kwezakhi. Gcina ukugeleza kahle kwamanzi, vula iziteshi kuma-slabs, futhi uvimbele i-substrate ukuthi ivaleke. yehla ngaphansi komswakama ongamaphesenti angama-40, ngenxa yokuthi ukusetshenzwa kabusha kuba nzima futhi i-EC ishintshashintsha kungazelelwe.
Isu lokunisela elizinzile kakhulu kuma-slabs ngokuvamile izicelo ezimfushane nezivamile Ukuchelela ngamaconsi, ukulungisa imvamisa ukuvumela ukoma phakathi kokunisela. I-substrate ekhishwe kahle ivumela ukulima ukuthi kuqondiswe: ukwandisa ukomisa kanye EC Endaweni yezimpande iphusha izimo ezikhiqizayo (izimbali eziningi nezithelo), kuyilapho ukuchelela kaningi kanye ne-EC emaphakathi ivuna ukukhula kwezitshalo.
Ukuze unciphise i-algae ebusweni, vikela ama-tacos ekukhanyeni okuqondileAmathuluzi anezibali sikhathi, i-pH, EC, nama-humidity probes kunikeza ukungaguquguquki futhi kwenza kube lula ukuphindaphinda kwemiphumela.
I-Microbiology ku-inert medium
Uboya betshe bufika i-pathogen-free ngenxa yokukhiqiza kwabo izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziyakhula abantu abazuzisayo be-microbial ku-rhizosphere njengoba izimpande zikhipha ama-organic compounds. Le nqubo ihamba kancane kunakuma-substrates e-organic ngenxa yokuntuleka kwekhabhoni. Kungaba njalo gcoba nge-consortia ama-microorganisms awusizo afana ne-Trichoderma noma i-mycorrhizae ukusheshisa ukusungulwa nokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwezimpande, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezinomoya-mpilo omuhle.
Sebenzisa kabusha, ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokusimama
I-rock wool empeleni iyidwala futhi akehliseli isithunziAbanye abakhiqizi bayisebenzisa kabusha imijikelezo eminingana ngemva kwalokho bulala amagciwane ngesitimu noma ngamanzi ashisayo kakhulu futhi ugeze ngamanzi ahlanzekile noma izixazululo ze-enzymatic ukuze ususe usawoti. Abanye bakhetha ukungawasebenzisi kabusha amabhulokhi namabhakede ukuze basebenziseke. Ekupheleni kokuphila kwabo, ungakwazi ukuchotshozwa nokuxutshwa ngama-substrates ukuthuthukisa i-porosity noma ukusetshenziswa njenge-mulch engasebenzi. Ekuphathweni kwemvelo, ukutshala okungenamhlaba ngoboya bedwala kunganciphisa okokufaka: amanzi ancipha ngamaphesenti angama-50 y indawo engaphansi engamaphesenti angama-75 Uma kuqhathaniswa nezikimu ezibanzi, uma zihlanganiswa kumasistimu avaliwe, asebenza kahle kakhulu. Ayiboli, ngakho-ke ukulahlwa kwayo kufanele kwenziwe ezikhungweni zokugaywa kabusha uma ingekho okwesibili.
Ukungalungi kanye nendlela yokuyinciphisa
- Izindleko kanye Logistics: Yinkulu uma iqhathaniswa nama-substrates ahlanganisiwe; ipulani yokugcina nokuthutha.
- I-inertia ephansi eshisayo: Izinga lokushisa le-substrate lishintsha ngokushesha; uzinzise ngokunisela okusesilinganisweni nokulawulwa kwemvelo.
- I-gradient yomswakama: phezulu kungase kubonakale kumile futhi isisekelo simanzi; gwema amanzi ngokubukeka komhlaba futhi incike esilinganisweni noma esisindweni sesiqukathi.
- I-curve yokufunda: ukungabi nalutho, konke ukudla kungena endaweni yokuchelela; ngaphandle kohlelo lokuvundisa, imiphumela ingase ibe mibi ekuqaleni.
- Ukuqedwa: ngokungalulazi, ihlela yayo sebenzisa kabusha kuzingxube noma ukulethwa ezindaweni ezihlanzekile.
- Izidingo zokufaka: ama-slabs kumele aqhubeke izinga eliphezulu for drainage homogeneous.
Umehluko ngenhlabathi, i-peat kanye nokhukhunathi
Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-substrates e-organic, uboya bedwala buyinto amaminerali kanye ne-inert. Ayinikezi imisoco noma umphumela we-buffer, okusho ukulawula okwengeziwe kodwa futhi izinga eliphezulu lembuyiselo ngenxa yokunemba kokuphatha. Igcina amanzi isikhathi eside kune-coco noma i-peat yevolumu efanayo, ngenkathi ivumela ukufakelwa okuhlanzekile kusuka kumapulaki kuya kuma-cubes noma ama-slabs.
Ukuphepha nokuphatha
Usa imaski yothuli, ukuvikela amehlo, nemikhono emide lapho uphatha uvolo we-rock, ikakhulukazi kumafomethi we-granular noma izinto ezindala. Abakhiqizi bamanje basebenzisa Izibophezelo ezisekelwe esitshalweni kanye nezinqubo eziphephile Okokusetshenziswa kwezolimo. Gcina indawo yokusebenza ihlanzekile futhi ugweme ukuminyanisa okokusebenza uma kumanzi.
I-Rockwool iyindlela yokukhula enembayo ephezulu yokuthi, ngohlelo oluhle lokunisela nokudla, izinzwa eziyisisekelo, nokulungiswa kwe-substrate efanele, inikeza ukulawula kwendawo yezimpande engenakuqhathaniswa kanye nesivuno esichichima kakhulu kokubili kuzilungiselelo zasekhaya nezomsebenzi.
