Izwe lensangu liyathakazelisa njengoba lihlukahlukene. Lesi sitshalo, kuwo wonke umlando, besiyinto yokukhonzwa nokulahlwa, kodwa akekho ongaphika ukubaluleka kwembewu yaso, okuvumela ukusakazeka nokuqhubeka kwayo. Ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi inkulumo-mpikiswano, ukufundwa kwe- imbewu yensangu kanye nezindlela zayo zokutshala zakha isango lokutshala ngendlela efanele kanye nolwazi olujulile lwezakhi zofuzo zezitshalo. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona, zihluke kanjani, futhi ziqala kanjani ukukhula zisuka embewini? Uzothola konke odinga ukukwazi kulesi sihloko esibanzi nesinemininingwane.
Insangu ikhiqizwa kanjani futhi?
La insangu, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi I-Cannabis sativa, isitshalo saminyaka yonke se-herbaceous somndeni we-angiosperm. Umjikelezo wokuphila kwayo uphela esikhathini esingaphansi konyaka: iyamila, ikhule, izimbali, ikhiqize imbewu, futhi iyafa. Njengezinye izitshalo eziqhakazayo, insangu ingaveza izimbali ze-dioecious (kuhlukaniswe izitshalo zeduna nezinsikazi) noma izimbali ze-monoecious (zombili izitho esitshalweni esisodwa, nakuba zisezimbalini ezihlukene).
Izimbali ezikhethiwe
Ngokwemvelo, izinhlobo eziningi ze-cannabis ziyi-dioecious. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuze kukhiqizwe imbewu, ukuxhumana kwezitshalo zesilisa (ezikhiqiza impova) kanye nezitshalo zesifazane (ezithuthukisa amahlumela kanye nembewu) kubalulekile. Impova emvelweni ngokuvamile i-anemophilous (ngomoya), nakuba ekulinyweni okulawulwayo, abantu bangenza okufanayo. Impova ehlukahlukene Sisebenzisa izindlela ezinjengamabhulashi athambile ukudlulisa impova isuka embalini yesilisa iye embalini yesifazane, siqinisekisa ukuthi sithola imbewu esebenzayo enofuzo esiyifunayo.
Izimbali ezinomsoco
Kwamanye ama-cultivar, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokukhethwa okulandelanayo, kuvela izitshalo ze-monoecious, eziqukethe izimbali zesilisa nezinsikazi esitshalweni esisodwa kodwa kuma-inflorescence ahlukene. Inqubo yokuzala ilula kulokhu, njengoba impova ingenzeka kumuntu oyedwa, nakuba ukuhlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo ngokuvamile kuphansi.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zembewu yensangu
Noma ngabe ungumuntu osaqalayo noma ungumlimi onolwazi, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zembewu yensangu. Ngayinye iveza izici ezihlukile, izinzuzo, nezinselele, kokubili ngokofuzo nezidingo ezikhulayo kanye nemiphumela.
Ukuhlukaniswa okujwayelekile kwembewu yensangu
- Ngokusho kokuncika kwabo ekukhanyeni: photoperiodic noma autoflowering
- Ngokobulili: okuvamile noma okwenziwa ngabesifazane
- Ngokofuzo lwakho: indica, sativa, ruderalis noma hybrids
- Imbewu enothe ngama-phytocannabinoids: I-CBD, i-THC, njll.
Izimbewu ezincikene nezithombe
Lezi zinhlamvu zidinga umjikelezo wokukhanya othize ukuze uguquke ukusuka esigabeni sokumila ukuya esigabeni sokuqhakaza. Ziyizona zakudala kakhulu futhi zitholakala njenge njalo o okwenziwe abesimame:
- Izikhathi ezijwayelekile ze-Photoperiod: Ngokuvamile zikhiqiza izitshalo ezingama-50% zesilisa kanye nama-50% wezitshalo zesifazane. Ilungele abalimi noma ukugcina ukuhlukahluka kofuzo.
- I-Photoperiod yenziwe ngabesifazane: Ukuguqulwa kofuzo ukuze kuqinisekiswe cishe u-100% wezitshalo zabesifazane, okusho ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kanye nokuvuna kuphela imiqumbe, ngaphandle komzamo owengeziwe wokuqeda abesilisa.
Izinzuzo ezifakiwe: Ukulawula okuphelele ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukuba nokwenzeka kwezitshalo ezingumama kanye nokusikwa, isivuno esikhulu, nokuzinza okukhulu kwezakhi zofuzo ezixutshweni zesimanje.
Izinkinga: Zidinga isikhathi esengeziwe kusukela ekuhlwanyeleni kuya ekuvuneni kanye nokunakwa okukhulu ekuphathweni kwe-photoperiod.
Imbewu yokuhlanza ngokuzenzakalela
Imbewu i-autoflowering Ziwumphumela wokuwela i-cannabis sativa/indica kanye Insangu ruderalis. Isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi Azincikile emahoreni asemini ukuqala ukuqhakaza, kodwa kunalokho ekuthuthukiseni isitshalo. Lokhu kuvumela ukuvunwa okuningana ngonyaka uma izimo zemvelo zivuma, kanye nemijikelezo yempilo emifushane kakhulu (ngezinye izikhathi kusuka emavikini ayi-8 kuya kwayi-12 kusukela ekuhlanyelweni kuya ekuvuneni).
- Basiza ukuvuna okusheshayo: ilungele abaqalayo kanye nalabo abafuna ukuhlakanipha noma indawo elinganiselwe.
- Zivame ukukhula kancane kunezinye izinhlobo, ngakho zijwayela kahle ekukhuleni endlini noma kuma-balconi.
- Iningi lezimbewu eziqhakaza izimbali emakethe zenziwa abesifazane ukuze kuqinisekiswe izitshalo eziqhakaza.
Izinkinga: Ukukhiqizwa kwezithombo ngokuvamile kuphansi kunaleyo yezitshalo ze-photoperiod, ngokukhula okuphansi kwezitshalo ezingumama kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo okuphansi.
Ezinye izigaba zembewu
- Imbewu Esheshayo (Inguqulo Esheshayo): I-Photoperiod kanye ne-autoflowering hybrids ezinciphisa izikhathi zokuqhakaza. Iphelele ezindaweni ezinamahlobo amafushane.
- Imbewu enothe nge-CBD: Ikhethiwe noma ishintshiwe ukuze ikhiqize izitshalo ezinamazinga aphezulu e-cannabidiol kanye ne-THC ephansi. Zidumile ekusetshenzisweni kwezokwelapha kanye nokwelapha.
- Imbewu ye-Hemp: Izinhlobo ezisemthethweni emazweni amaningi ngoba ziqukethe ngaphansi kuka-0,2% we-THC. Ivunelwa i-fiber, imbewu enomsoco, namafutha.
- Imbewu ye-Landrace: Izakhi zofuzo ezihlanzekile ezivela ezifundeni ezithile, ezivumelana kakhulu nesimo sezulu sendawo.
- Imbewu ye-Heirloom: Ikhule futhi ilondolozwe ngaphandle kokuxutshwa izizukulwane ngezizukulwane, idume ngokwethembeka nokuvumelana kofuzo.
I-Genetics nezinhlobo zensangu: I-Indica, i-Sativa, i-Ruderalis kanye nama-hybrids
- Ibonisa: Itholakala ezindaweni ezibandayo nezinezintaba. Izitshalo ezihlangene, eziqinile, amaqabunga abanzi, nesikhathi esifushane sokuqhakaza (amaviki angu-7-9). Imiphumela yokuphumula, ilungele ukusetshenziswa ebusuku noma ukukhulula ubuhlungu.
- I-Sativa: Isuka ezindaweni zenkabazwe nezishisayo. Izitshalo ezinde, ezincane ezinamaqabunga amade nesikhathi eside sokuqhakaza (amasonto ayi-9-13). Imiphumela enika amandla nokudala, ama-flavour angavamile.
- Ruderalis: Itholakala ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu. Incane, iqinile, futhi i-autoflowering. Iphansi ku-THC futhi iphezulu ku-CBD. Isisekelo sofuzo sezinhlobo zesimanje ze-autoflowering.
- AmaHybrid: Iwela phakathi kwe-sativa ne-indica (ngezinye izikhathi nge-ruderalis). Zivumela umlimi ukuthi alungise imiphumela, isikhathi sokuqhakaza, ubukhulu, nokumelana nezifo ukuze kuhambisane nalokho abakuthandayo.
Uhlobo ngalunye lwembewu lungahlanganisa lezi zofuzo ngezilinganiso ezihlukene, okunqunywa kakhulu ulwazi kanye nendlela yokulima efanele.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi zohlobo ngalunye lwembewu
| Uhlobo lwembewu | Izinzuzo | nebubi |
|---|---|---|
| Kwenziwa abantu besifazane | Izitshalo zesifazane kuphela, ukusebenza kahle okukhulu nokukhiqiza, zisiza ukutshala | Ayivumelekile eziphambanweni, ukuhlukahluka kofuzo okuphansi, izindleko eziphezulu |
| Ngokuvamile | Ilungele ukuzalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha, izindleko eziphansi, ukumelana okukhulu | Abesilisa kumele basuswe, kunciphe ukulawula izici |
| I-Autoflowering | Fast, kulula, neqondayo, isivuno eziningana ngonyaka | Usayizi omncane nokukhiqizwa, amandla amancane (yize athuthukile) |
| I-CBD/Yezokwelapha | Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-CBD, imiphumela ephansi ye-psychoactive | Ukukhiqizwa kwehlumela eliphansi, imakethe ethuthuke kancane |
| Inguqulo Esheshayo | Iqhakaza ngokushesha okukhulu, ilungele isimo sezulu esibandayo/ingozi yemvula | Ukukhiqizwa okuphansi kanye nezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezitholakalayo |
Indlela yokukhetha imbewu efaneleka kakhulu yensangu
Izici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe
- Isikhala esitholakalayo: Ngaphakathi, izinhlobo ze-feminized noma autoflowering zingcono kakhulu. Ngaphandle, noma yiluphi uhlobo, kuye ngesimo sezulu.
- Okuhlangenwe nakho: I-Autoflowering kanye nezinhlobo zabesifazane zilungele abaqalayo.
- Injongo: Uma ufuna ukuhlukahluka kofuzo noma uzenzele iziphambano zakho, sebenzisa imbewu evamile. Uma ukhathazeke kuphela ngokukhiqizwa kwamahlumela, khetha imbewu eyenziwe ngabesifazane.
- Isimo sezulu: Ezindaweni ezinehlobo elifushane noma ingozi yemvula, khetha izinhlobo eziqhakaza ngokuzenzakalela noma eziqhakaza ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezifudumele, ama-sativas kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zingakhipha amandla azo.
- Inhloso yokwelapha noma yokuzijabulisa: Uma ufuna imiphumela yokwelapha, khetha imbewu ecebile nge-CBD ne-THC ephansi.
Izinhlobonhlobo nezibonelo ezivelele
I-Indica
- Bubba Kush: Umphumela onamandla wokuphumula, ikhofi kanye ne-spice flavour.
- I-Critical Plus: Ikhula ngokushesha, isivuno esikhulu, iphunga elimnandi.
Sativa
- I-Super Silver Haze: Imiphumela enika amandla, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kweTHC.
- I-Amnesia Yokuqala: Fast and ezikhiqizayo, okuphumuzayo nomphumela onamandla.
Izitshalo ezidumile ze-autoflowering
- I-Skunk Auto emnandi: Ukunambitheka okunamandla, umphumela ophumuzayo.
- I-Northern Light Auto: Iqinile, iqinile, ilungele ukusetshenziswa endlini.
- I-Moby Dick Auto: Ikhwalithi ephezulu kanye ne-lemon ne-haze flavour.
I-CBD/Yezokwelapha
- Iwebhusayithi ka-Charlotte: Enye yezindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-CBD.
- I-Medikit: I-THC encane, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-CBD, ilungele abasebenzisi bezokwelapha.
Inguqulo Esheshayo
- Inguqulo Esheshayo Ye-Green Poison: Ukuqhakaza okufushane kakhulu, imikhiqizo eminingi.
Izinyathelo zokutshala imbewu yensangu ngendlela efanele
- Ukukhetha i-seedbed: Sebenzisa amathreyi akhipha kahle amanzi. Amathreyi ehlathi noma engadini alungile. Ukuze ukhethe i-substrate engcono kakhulu, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu. Indlela yokukhetha i-substrate engcono kakhulu yensangu.
- Ukulungiswa kwe-substrate: I-coconut fiber emanzi iyindlela enhle kakhulu yokungenisa umoya nokugcina amanzi.
- Ukuhlwanyela: Beka imbewu eyodwa noma ezimbili emgodini ngamunye bese uzimboza kancane. Cindezela kancane i-substrate.
- Izimo zokukhanya: Beka ithreyi elangeni eligcwele ngaphandle noma ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhanyayo endlini. Izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-15°C. Ukuze uthole amathiphu engeziwe, vakashela.
- Ukuchelela kanye nomswakama: Gcina i-substrate imanzi, kodwa ungalokothi ugcwale amanzi. Ukuhluma kuvame ukuvela phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa kanye namathiphu abalulekile okukhula
- Iluphi uhlobo lwembewu okufanele ulukhethele endlini? Uncamela ukuqhakaza kwezimbali okuzenzakalelayo noma okufana nabesifazane, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezihlangene.
- Yiziphi izimbewu ezilungele ngaphandle? Izinkomba zesimo sezulu esibandayo/ esinomswakama, i-sativas yesimo sezulu esifudumele, sesizini ende. Izinhlobo ze-Autoflowering zivumela isivuno esiningi ngonyaka.
- Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ezifanele izimo zezulu ezibucayi? Izinhlobo ze-Ruderalis ne-indica zivame ukumelana kakhulu. Njalo hlola ulwazi lobunzima.
- Ingabe zingenziwa iziphambano zasekhaya? Yebo, usebenzisa imbewu evamile nokukhetha abesilisa nabesifazane abakhethiwe ukuze uthole imbewu yakho lapho ukuthenga imbewu yensangu.
- Nini ukuhlwanyela ukuthola izitshalo ezinkulu? Ekuqaleni kuya maphakathi nentwasahlobo, ukwandisa amahora okukhula kwezitshalo.
