Indlela yokukhipha, ukulondoloza, kanye nokuhluma imbewu katamatisi ukuze uthole isivuno esiphumelelayo njalo ngesizini

Ukuqoqa nokugcina imbewu katamatisi kuyisiqalo sokujabulela izitshalo njalo ngesizini ngekhwalithi, ukunambitheka, nokuqina okukhethile ngokwakho engadini noma engadini yakho. Uma ubonile ukuthi utamatisi owuvunayo unokwakheka, iphunga, kanye nokunambitheka okudlula lokho okutholakala ezitolo, ukonga eyakho imbewu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze futhi ngcono lezo zimfanelo phakathi neminyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinqubo elula engakhuthazi kuphela ukuzimela, kodwa inomthelela ekongiweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezolimo futhi ikuxhumanise nomjikelezo wemvelo wokutshala nokukhiqiza kabusha.

Kungani ugcine imbewu katamatisi?

Ukonga eyakho imbewu akuwona nje umbuzo wokonga noma wokusimama. Izimbewu ezizikhiqizayo zikunikeza ukulawula okuphelele kofuzo, ukujwayela isimo sezulu sendawo, nokumelana nezinambuzane nezifo.Ngokungafani nembewu ye-commercial hybrid (F1), engakhiqizi kabusha ngokwethembeka izici zesitshalo esingumzali, imbewu elondoloziwe evela ezinhlobonhlobo zendabuko noma zendawo zijwayela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nezimo zakho zokukhula, ziba ngcono unyaka ngamunye.

• Ukulondolozwa kwezinhlobonhlobo kanye ne-flavour: Ugcina ukunambitheka kweqiniso kukatamatisi wakho oyintandokazi.
• Ukonga ngokwezomnotho: Unciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwembewu yezohwebo.
• Ukumelana nokuzivumelanisa nezimo: Ukhetha izitshalo ezinempilo, eziqinile isizini nesizini.
• Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo: Ufaka isandla ekongiweni kwezinhlobo zasendaweni nezendabuko.

Ukukhetha utamatisi ophelele wembewu

Isinyathelo sokuqala sibalulekile: ukukhetha utamatisi ofaneleAkuzona zonke izithelo esitshalweni ezidalwe zilingana, ukuze ukwazi ukuthola imbewu yekhwalithi. Naka lezi zici ngokukhethekile:

1. Okunhlobonhlobo: Qinisekisa ukuthi utamatisi awuyona ingxube yezohwebo eyingxube uma ufuna ukugcina izici zayo ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Imbewu yeHybrid ivame ukukhiqiza izitshalo ezihlukene, ezingakhiqizi kakhulu, noma ezisezingeni eliphansi ngesizini elandelayo.
2. Isimo sokuvuthwa: Khetha utamatisi ovuthiwe ngokuphelele, esezifinyelele umbala wokugcina futhi anenyama ethambile, kodwa engaboli. Utamatisi kumele ngabe usukhule ngokugcwele esitshalweni.
3. Impilo nobungqabavu: Khetha izithelo ngaphandle kwezifo, izinambuzane kanye nokulimala ngokomzimbaImbewu etholakala kutamatisi ogulayo ingadlulisela izinkinga esizukulwaneni esilandelayo.
4. Umumo nosayizi: Khetha utamatisi omele lokho okufunayo: izithelo ezinkulu, ezinomzimba, eziqinile, ezinambithekayo, njll.
5. Ufuzo oluhlukahlukene: Uma unezitshalo eziningana zohlobo olufanayo, kuhle ukuqoqa utamatisi ezitshalweni ezahlukene ukuze ugweme ukuzalanisa futhi uqinise ukuhlukahluka kofuzo.

Ithiphu: Ungakwazi futhi ukulondoloza imbewu yezinhlobo eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, inqobo nje uma uzigcina zikhonjiwe ukuze ungazixubi.

Indlela yokuqoqa nokukhipha imbewu isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukukhipha nokuhlanza ngendlela efanele kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi imbewu iqhuma kahle ngonyaka olandelayo futhi ayithwali amagciwane. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: indlela elula futhi i indlela yokuvutshelwaOkwesibili kuphephe kakhudlwana futhi kusebenza kangcono ekususeni i-mucilage ezungeze imbewu, equkethe ama-germination inhibitors futhi engafukamela isikhunta noma amagciwane.

Indlela yokuvubela yokukhipha imbewu katamatisi

1. Sika utamatisi: Kwenze kangcono ngokuvundlile (eceleni “kwenkabazwe”), ngoba ngale ndlela udalula zonke izindawo noma imigodi ngembewu.
2. Khipha i-pulp ngembewu: Sebenzisa isipuni noma usizo olufanayo ukuze ususe imbewu kanye ne-gelatinous mucilage ezungezile. Gwema ukufaka i-pulp eningi.
3. Faka esitsheni sengilazi: Faka wonke ama-pulp ngembewu engilazini noma embizeni. Uma i-mucilage iminyene kakhulu, engeza amanzi amancane ekamelweni lokushisa futhi kungcono uma amanzi amaminerali (gwema i-chlorine ne-lime).
4. Ivumele ibile: Vala isitsha ngephepha (hhayi ngokuqinile), usishiye ekamelweni lokushisa futhi uvikeleke ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Izinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyi-2. Isikhathi siyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa elizungezile: ngokufudumala, ukuvutshelwa kuyashesha. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuvela ifilimu engaphezulu yesikhunta futhi iphunga lingase libe namandla kodwa lingabi nobuthi.
5. Buyekeza inqubo: Uma ubona ungqimba lwesikhunta esimhlophe noma amabhamuza, ukuvutshelwa kususe ama-mucilage kanye nama-germination inhibitors.
6. Geza imbewu: Engeza amanzi, ugovuze futhi uvumele uhlale. Lahla imbewu entantayo, njengoba ingasebenzi.Thela amanzi engeziwe ezinhlamvu ezintantayo bese uphinda inqubo yokuhlanza izikhathi eziningana kuze kube yilapho amanzi egijima ecacile.
7. Hlunga futhi ugeze: Sebenzisa i-fine mesh strainer ukuze ugeze imbewu ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo, ugovuze ngobumnene ngesipuni noma ngeminwe yakho ukuze ususe noma iyiphi i-gelatin esele.
8. Yomisa imbewu: Zisakaze zibe ungqimba olulodwa ephepheni elimuncayo, ithawula, noma indwangu ehlanzekile endaweni efudumele, eyomile, enomthunzi, nendawo engenisa umoya. Evita the solar ngqo.

Isikhathi namathiphu okomisa imbewu

Ukomisa kuvame ukuthatha phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-5 neziyi-7, nakuba lokhu kungase kuhluke kuye ngomswakamo we-ambient. Ukuze uhlole ukuthi zomile yini, zama ukugoba imbewu: uma iphuka kalula, isilungile. Ngesikhathi somisa, shukumisa imbewu nsuku zonke ukuze uvimbele ukuthi inganamathelani, futhi ushintshe iphepha uma liba manzi kakhulu.

Indlela esheshayo (encane enconyelwe ukugcina isikhathi eside)

Hlukanisa imbewu nge-gelatin, igeze ngqo ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo esisefweni se-wire mesh, khipha iningi lomucu, futhi uyeke zome ephepheni elimuncayo emthunzini. Le ndlela ingase ishiye izinsalela ze-mucilage futhi ayiwaqedi amagciwane, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthi imbewu itshalwe ezinyangeni ezizayo, hhayi ukuthi igcinwe kusukela kwesinye isizini kuya kwesinye.

Indlela yokukhetha imbewu esebenzayo

Ngemva kokugeza, Akuzona zonke izimbewu eziqoqiwe ezizoqhuma. Ukuze ugcine okuhle kuphela:

1. Gcwalisa ingilazi ngamanzi ahlanzekile bese wengeza imbewu ehlanziwe.
2. Lahla lezo ezintantayoYilezo ezicwilayo kuphela ezivame ukugcwala futhi ezifanele ukuhluma.
3. Zikhiphe ku-colander bese uphinda ukugeza uma kunesidingo.
4. Wabeke futhi ephepheni elimuncayo ukuze ome futhi uwasakaze ukuze anganqwabelani.

Ukupakishwa ngendlela efanele kanye nokugcinwa kwembewu katamatisi

Ukugcinwa ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ukuze imbewu katamatisi ihlale ikhona iminyaka. futhi iqhume ngamandla uma ufuna ukutshala. Imbewu eyomiswe kahle egcinwe ezingeni lokushisa elizinzile, ivikelwe kumswakama nokukhanya, ingahlala ihluma kuze kube iminyaka engu-4-5 (kunconywa ukuthi isetshenziswe ngaphambi konyaka wokuqala noma wesibili ukuze uthole amandla aphezulu).

Izinyathelo zokugcina imbewu:

1. Qinisekisa ukuthi zome ngokupheleleNoma yimuphi umswakama ungadala isikhunta futhi ucekele phansi isivuno sembewu.
2. Khetha isitsha esifanele:
   • Izikhwama zephepha ze-Kraft: Gcoba umswakama osele.
   • Izikhwama ze-Ziploc noma izimbiza ezincane zengilazi ezinezivalo: Lezi zivikela emanzini angaphandle. Ungakwazi ukwengeza ingcosana kashoki, irayisi elingaphekiwe, noma ijeli ye-silica ukuze umunce umswakama owedlulele.
3. Hlala ulebula ngezinhlobonhlobo kanye nedethi yokuvunaUma unezinhlobo ezimbalwa, zigcine zikhonjiwe.
4. Gcina imbewu endaweni epholile, eyomile, emnyama: Ikhabethe lasendlini, ibhokisi elikhanyayo, isikhwama, noma imbiza ekhabetheni elikude nemithombo yokushisa kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe. Isiqandisi akudingekile ngaphandle kwalapho kushisa kakhulu futhi kunomswakama.

Gwema ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni ukuze uvimbele inqubo yokuhluma ngaphambi kwesikhathi.Ukukhanya nomswakama izitha ezinkulu zokuphila isikhathi eside kwembewu yakho egciniwe.

Imbewu katamatisi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani futhi wazi kanjani ukuthi isasebenza?

Uma izimo zokomisa nezokugcina bezilungile, Imbewu katamatisi ingagcina amandla ayo okuhluma iminyaka emi-4 noma emi-5., nakuba izinga lokuhluma liqala ukwehla kancane kancane ngemva konyaka wesibili. Ungenza ukuhlolwa okuncane ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela: thatha imbewu eyi-10 futhi uyibeke phakathi kwephepha elimanzi izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma iningi lihluma, kuseyinqwaba efanelekile.

Kanjani futhi nini ukutshala imbewu elondoloziwe?

Imbewu katamatisi ivamise ukuhlwanyelwa emibhedeni yembewu evikelekile, cishe amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokugcina endaweni yangakini:

• Hlanza imbewu: Gcoba imbewu amahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-24 ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukuhluma.
• Lungiselela i-substrate: Sebenzisa umbhede wembewu noma ithreyi elinokukhanya, i-substrate ekhishwe kahle.
• Ukuhlwanyela okungajulile: Gcwalisa imbewu kancane nje ngaphansi komhlaba, uyimboze kancane ngenhlabathi ekahle.
• Gcina umswakama kanye nezinga lokushisa: Utamatisi uqhuma kahle kakhulu phakathi kuka-20ºC no-27ºC. Nisela ngobumnene ukugwema ukususa imbewu.
• Inikeza ukukhanya okuningi: Izithombo zikatamatisi zidinga ukukhanya okuningi ukuze zikhule ziqine.

Amathiphu kanye nama-FAQ mayelana nokukhipha Imbewu Katamatisi kanye Nesitoreji

Ngingakwazi ukulondoloza imbewu kunoma yimuphi utamatisi?

Ungakwenza inqobo nje uma kungewona amahybrids okuhweba.Utamatisi owuthenga ezitolo ezinkulu ngokuvamile uyingxube, futhi imbewu yawo ingakhiqiza izitshalo ezingakhiqizi kakhulu noma ezehlukile kutamatisi wokuqala.

Ingabe kuyadingeka njalo ukuvubela imbewu?

Ukubilisa kuyindlela enconyiweI-gelatinous mucilage ezungeze imbewu ivimbela ukuhluma futhi ingaba nama-pathogens. Inqubo yokuvutshelwa isusa lokhu kunamathela futhi inciphisa ukudluliswa kwezifo.

Ngingakwazi ukutshala imbewu entsha noma kufanele yomiswe?

Imbewu ingahluma uma ihlwanyelwe ingakasuswa futhi igezwe, kodwa Ukuze uzigcine futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza kwazo, ukomiswa okufanele ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubalulekile..

Ungakwazi yini ukugcina imbewu katamatisi efrijini?

Akunconyiwe: Imbewu ingonakaliswa umswakama kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Kungcono zigcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile.

Ungavimbela kanjani isikhunta ezinhlamvini ezigciniwe?

Iqhinga ekomisweni nasekugcinweniQinisekisa ukuthi zome ngokuphelele futhi usebenzise ama-desiccant uma ungabaza. Ungagcini imbewu eswakeme ezitsheni ezingangeni moya.

Zingaki izimbewu engingazithola kutamatisi?

Kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo, kodwa Utamatisi ophakathi nendawo ngokuvamile ukhiqiza imbewu ephakathi kuka-30 nangaphezulu kuka-100..

Yini okufanele uyenze uma imbewu inephunga elibi ngemva kokuvutshelwa?

Iphunga elimuncu livamile ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa kodwa uma iphunga linamandla kakhulu noma uma kuvela amakhowe anombala ongajwayelekile, lahla lezo zimbewu bese uphinda inqubo ngokuhlanzeka okwengeziwe kanye nesikhathi esincane sokuvutshelwa.

Ngingakwazi ukusebenzisa imbewu ye-tomato yasesitolo?

Ungathola izitshalo, kodwa iningi ngama-hybrids Futhi izithelo zabo cishe ngeke zifane notamatisi abaphuma kuwo ku-flavour noma ukuma. Kunalokho, bheka izinhlobo ze-heirloom noma ukushintshanisa imbewu nomakhelwane nabalimi.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukungcola phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo?

Utamatisi uvame ukuzitholela impova.Kodwa-ke, uma utshala izinhlobo eziningi ezihlobene eduze, kunengozi encane yokudluliselwa kwempova. Ukuqinisekisa ubumsulwa, ungahlukanisa izimbali ngezikhwama ezinezikhala ngaphambi kokuvula noma ukuvuna ezitshalweni ezihlukene.

Amaphutha avamile lapho ulondoloza imbewu katamatisi

• Ungavumeli imbewu yome kahle: Umswakamo yisitha esikhulu. Ungajahi.
• Ungalebuli iziqukathi: Ngaso sonke isikhathi qaphela ukuhlukahluka nosuku.
• Isitoreji ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kumswakama nokukhanya: Sebenzisa iziqukathi ezingacacile, ezomile.
• Ungabili: Ukweqa lesi sinyathelo kungabangela ukuhluma okuphansi kanye nokudluliselwa kwezifo.
• Ukusebenzisa imbewu yezithelo ezinesifo: Hlala uvuna utamatisi onempilo kuphela.
• Gcina imbewu kupulasitiki omanzi: Lokhu cishe ngokuqinisekile kubangela isikhunta.

Ngingazitholaphi izimbewu ezinhle engingazigcinela isizini ngayinye?

• Imibukiso yezolimo nezimakethe: Bheka abakhiqizi bendawo.
• Amanethiwekhi namabhange embewu: Bheka amaphrojekthi esifundeni sakho; bavame ukukhuthaza izinhlobo zomdabu.
• Shintshanisa nabanye abalimi: Abangane, omakhelwane, nemiphakathi eku-inthanethi.
• Izitshalo zakho ezikhethiwe: Uzogcina ingadi yomndeni wakho ehamba phambili iminyaka ezayo.
• Gwema izinhlobo ezixubile (F1) uma ufuna ukugcina izici ezifanayo.

Izincomo ezengeziwe kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lukatamatisi

Indlela yokukhipha kanye neyokuvubela ivumelekile zonke izinhlobo zikatamatisi: utamatisi we-cherry, utamatisi wepheya, utamatisi olengayo, utamatisi wenhliziyo yenkomo, utamatisi obomvana, utamatisi we-Marmande, njll.

Uma unezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene, gcina imbewu ngokuhlukana bese ulebula kahle isiqukathi ngasinye.

Futhi ngemva kokulondoloza imbewu?

Uma isikhathi sokutshala sisilungele isimo sakho sezulu, thola imbewu yakho egciniwe bese uqala umjikelezo futhi. Uzojabulela isivuno esinezakhiwo ezifanayo (noma ezingcono) ozithandayo kakhulu., unyaka nonyaka.

Ukukhulisa izitshalo zakho zikatamatisi ngembewu oyikhethile futhi wazigcina kuwumsebenzi olula, onomvuzo kanye nesinyathelo esibalulekile sanoma yimuphi umthandi wezingadi we-organic. Ukonga nokwabelana ngembewu nakho kuyindlela enhle yokuthuthukisa umuzwa wakho wokulima. inomthelela ekugcinweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezolimo futhi iqinisa ukuzimela kwengadi yakho yasekhaya.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Indlela yokuvuna, ukugcina, kanye nokutshala imbewu katamatisi isinyathelo ngesinyathelo (Umhlahlandlela ophelele)

Usenemibuzo mayelana nendlela yokulondoloza imbewu katamatisi yokutshala? Shiya imibuzo yakho kumazwana futhi sizokusiza ukuthi uzenzele ibhange lembewu ekhaya, ukuze ungaphelelwa utamatisi onempilo, omnandi olungele umhlabathi wakho.