Ungayinakekela kanjani i-cork oak bonsai: umhlahlandlela ophelele nochwepheshe

Ukujabulela ubukhosi bomuthi omkhulu endaweni encane kungenzeka ngenxa yobuciko be-bonsai. Endabeni ye-oki kakhokho (I-Quercus suber), ungakwazi ukufaka isandla ekhaya lakho ubuntu, umlando kanye nemvelo yaseMedithera Encane. Uma unqume ukugxumela futhi ube neyakho ibhonsai kakhokho we-oki, lo mhlahlandlela uzokunikeza imiyalelo ephelele, yokunakekelwa kochwepheshe ukuze uyigcine inamandla, inempilo, kanye nalokho kubukeka okuqinile.

Izici ezivelele ze-cork oak bonsai

I-oki kakhokho isihlahla ejwayelekile of the isifunda saseMedithera, aziwa ngamagxolo awo aminyene, amakhokho, osekungamakhulu eminyaka asetshenziswa ekwenzeni ukhokho. Uma isikhule njenge-bonsai, amagxolo ayo amabi namaqabunga amancane akhiqiza izibonelo zobuhle nobuntu obukhulu. Ukukhula kwayo kuhamba kancane futhi kuyalawuleka, kodwa kudinga ukunakwa njalo ezidingweni zayo ezithile, ikakhulukazi mayelana ne-substrate, ukuchelela, ukuchayeka, nokuqeqeshwa.

Indawo ekahle nokuchayeka kwe-cork oak bonsai

Esinye sezici ezifanele kakhulu empumelelweni yokutshalwa kwe-cork oak bonsai yikhona indawoI-oki kakhokho idinga ukukhulela ngaphandle, okungcono kakhulu elangeni eligcwele. Izakhi zalo zofuzo zaseMedithera ziyivumela ukuba ibekezelele izinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokukhanya kwelanga okukhulu, nakuba ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuthathwe phakathi nezinsuku ezishisa kakhulu zasehlobo.

• Intwasahlobo nekwindla: Ukuchayeka elangeni okuqondile isikhathi esiningi sosuku.
• Ehlobo: Ungazuza emthunzini oyingxenye phakathi namahora amaphakathi (phakathi kwemini naphakathi kwantambama), usebenzisa a 30% kuya ku-50% we-shading mesh Uma imisebe yelanga inamandla kakhulu, ukugwema ukushiswa kwamaqabunga nokucindezeleka kwamanzi.
• Ubusika: Uma isithwathwa sivamile endaweni yakini, vikela ibhonsai yakho endaweni ebamba ukushisa ebandayo noma uyibeke ekhoneni elivikelekile; ayiwathandi amazinga okushisa esikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezingaqhwa.

Uma kufanele uyigcine endlini, khetha iwindi elikhulu, elinelanga, eliqinisekisa amahora amaningana okukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kanye nomoya omuhle. Ngaphakathi endlini, kuvame ukuthinteka, ngakho-ke kunconywa kuphela njengesilinganiso sesikhashana nesidlulele.

Izinga lokushisa kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu

I-cork oak bonsai iyinhlangano i-thermophilic: Ithanda isimo sezulu esifudumele, esomile. Ibekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kahle uma iniselwa kahle, kodwa amazinga okushisa aphansi angaba yingozi. Ayikubekezeleli amaqhwa aqinileUma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kuka-2°C, izimpande namagatsha awo avame ukuhlupheka. Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni ezinobusika obubandayo noma isithwathwa esingapheli, kungcono ukuvikela i-bonsai endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma ukuyihambisa endaweni lapho kungekho khona ingozi yokuqandisa, ukugwema ithonya eliqondile lokushisa, elibangela ukoma okuzungezile.

I-substrate efanelekile kanye nezici zenhlabathi

Ukuphumelela ekukhuleni le bonsai kubangelwa kakhulu ukukhetha okufanele kwe-substrateI-Cork oak idinga ingxube ehlanganisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu, ukugcinwa komswakama okusesilinganisweni, kanye nokudla okunamaminerali. Gwema inhlabathi ene-calcareous ne-compact, njengoba izimpande zabo zingaminwa kalula.

• Imiksi enconyiwe: 50% i-akadama enohlamvu oluphakathi nendawo (ehamba phambili ekugcineni amanzi nomoya), i-pumice engu-30% (ihlinzeka ngokungenisa umoya kanye nesakhiwo esilula kungxube) kanye namatshe amatshe entaba-mlilo (noma i-Kiryu) angu-20% ukuze kukhanyiswe futhi kugaywe amanzi ngaphansi kwe-substrate.
• Uma uhlala endaweni enomswakama kakhulu, yehlisa i-akadama ibe ngu-40% futhi ukhuphule ipumice ibe ngu-40% ukuze ugweme ukuminyana.
• I-pH ene-acidic kancane ephakathi kuka-5,5 no-6,5 ilungele lesi sihlahla. Kokubili i-akadama ne-kanuma zisiza ukugcina lobu bubanzi obulungile.
• I-worm humus noma umquba ovuthiwe ungangezwa ngamaphesenti aphansi phezulu ukuze unikeze umsoco wemvelo.

Le substrate ikhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande ezinempilo kanye negxolo le-oki elidala likakhokho. Shintsha i-substrate kuphela ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, okufanele kwenziwe njalo ukugwema ukulimaza uhlelo lwezimpande.

Ukufakelwa: imvamisa, isikhathi kanye nendlela efanele

Ukutshala ibhonsai ye-oki kakhokho kuwumsebenzi obalulekile. Phakathi neminyaka eyi-15 yokuqala, isihlahla sikhula ngokushesha kakhulu, kodwa ngemva kwalokho, ukukhula kwaso kuncipha. Ukutshala kabusha Kwenziwa njalo eminyakeni emi-2 noma emi-3 ezihlahleni ezisencane futhi njalo eminyakeni emi-4 noma emi-5 emifanekisweni yabantu abadala., njalo ukubeka phambili ukuthi izimpande zigcwalisa ibhodwe noma ziqale ukuphuma.

• Isikhathi esikahle: Ekupheleni kobusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi nje kokuqhakaza kwe-bud. Gwema ukutshala kabusha uma kunengozi yesithwathwa sasebusuku noma uma isihlahla sesivele sesiqalile ukumila.
• Indlela Enconyiwe: Susa phakathi kuka-30% no-50% wesisindo sempande, ugxile ekuqedeni izimpande eziwugqinsi ezingabalulekile, ushiye njalo isitshalo esiqinile futhi esinamagatsha.
• Nikeza ungqimba olungezansi lwe-substrate eqinile futhi usebenzise i-drainage mesh efanelekile. Vikela isihlahla ngocingo ukuze uvimbele ukunyakaza ngemva kokutshala.

Khumbula ukuthi ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokufakelwa kungaba okuphawulekayo; gwema ukuvundisa emasontweni ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokutshala kabusha.

Ibhodwe elihle kakhulu le-cork oak bonsai yakho

Isitsha lapho ukhokho we-oki ukhula khona sithonya impilo nokubukeka kwawo. Sebenzisa njalo amabhodwe angacwebezeli, njengoba izimbiza ezicwebezelisiwe zigcina umswakama owengeziwe futhi zingalimaza izimpande zazo. Khetha ibhodwe elijule ngokumaphakathi ngokwanele ukuze likhuthaze ukukhula okuhle kwezimpande kanye nobuhle obushelelezayo obuhambisana namagxolo amabi esihlahla. Qinisekisa ukuthi inezimbobo ezimbalwa zokudonsa amanzi kanye ne-substrate emahhadla phansi.

Ukuphathwa kokunisela kanye nomswakama

Ukunisela ama-oki kakhokho kuwukulinganisela phakathi kokugwema isomiso nokunisela ngokweqile izimpande. Amanzi lapho ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-substrate luqala ukuma; neze ngokwekhalenda..

• Ehlobo, ukuchelela nsuku zonke kungase kudingeke, noma ngisho kabili ngosuku kumagagasi okushisa nokuchayeka okuqondile.
• Ebusika, lapho ukukhula kwemifino kuyeka, nciphisa imvamisa: ngokuvamile ukuchelela okungu-1-2 ngesonto kwanele.
• Ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa amanzi athambile noma ane-acidic kancane uma kungenzeka. Uma amanzi akho kampompi eqinile kakhulu, ungawenza i-asidi ngobumnene ngamaconsi ambalwa kaviniga noma usebenzise amanzi emvula ahlungiwe.
• Ungamanzisi i-canopy yesihlahla lapho unisela ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta nezifo.
• Ezimweni ezishisayo, ezomile, ungamboza ingaphezulu le-substrate nge-sphagnum moss noma u-moss ophilayo ukuze ugcine umswakama kangcono.

Kungcono ukunisela okuncane kakhulu kunokuningi: amanzi amaningi ayimbangela evamile yezinkinga zefungal ku-cork oak bonsai.

Ukubhalisa: izinhlobo, imvamisa nesikhathi esifanele

Ukuvundisa kungenye yezinsika zokugcina ubungqabavu bebhonsai. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa umanyolo oqinile okhishwa kancane (I-Biogold, i-Tamahi, noma efanayo) njengesisekelo, isetshenziswa entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ehlobo, khawula umanyolo ube imithamo ephansi noma usebenzise imikhiqizo ecebile ngama-amino acid ukukhuthaza izimpande ngaphandle kokuphoqelela ukuhluma.

• Umanyolo oqinile wezinto eziphilayo (i-NPK 3-5-5 noma efanayo) unikeza imisoco elinganiselayo kanye nama-microelements (insimbi, i-magnesium, i-zinc) ukuvimbela ukuntula okufana ne-chlorosis.
• Misa ukuvundisa ebusika uma isihlahla silele.
• Ungavundisi uma isihlahla siqhakaza ngenkuthalo, ukugwema ukushisa ama-inflorescences namahlumela amasha.
• Uma isihlahla sibuthakathaka, ungakwazi ukwengeza ngokufaka ama-foliar ensimbi noma i-magnesium entwasahlobo.

Ukuthena, ukupinwa kanye nokubumba ibhonsai ye-oki kakhokho

Ukuqeqeshwa kwebhonsai kudinga ukungenelela okuvamile, kokubili ukugcina ubukhulu bayo nokuthuthukisa ubuhle bayo. Ukuthena nokumpintsha kubalulekile futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngokunembile:

• Ukuthenwa kwesakhiwo: Ngaphambi kokuhluma kwentwasahlobo, thatha ithuba lokunquma amagatsha anokhuni, ususe izingxenye ezifile noma ezigulayo, futhi uchaze ukuma okuphelele kwe-bonsai. Yenza ukusikeka okuhlanzekile, okufakwe amagciwane.
• Ukuthena amahlumela amathenda namade: Ncinza amahlumela akhule kakhulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo naphakathi nesigaba sokukhula, lapho eseluhlaza futhi eguquguquka. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ukuminyana kwamaqabunga futhi kulawule ubukhulu besihlahla.
• Ukuncinza ngokuwohloka kwengxenye: Uma amahlumela esenamaqabunga aphakathi kuka-6 no-8, yenza ukusika ekugcineni bese ususa amaqabunga amakhulu kakhulu ukuze ukhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwamahlumela amasha futhi ugcine amahlamvu amancane.

Ama-oki kakhokho abekezelela ukuthenwa okuqinile, kepha kwabaqalayo kunconywa ukuthi uqhubeke kancane futhi bheka okokufundisa okubonakalayo ukuze ugweme amaphutha angenakuhlehliswa.

Izintambo: Kanjani futhi nini ukubiyela i-oki kakhokho

Uthango uyakuvumela imodeli yesakhiwo I-Bonsai, ikakhulukazi izibonelo ezincane. Sebenzisa i-anodized aluminium wire yegeji efanele amagatsha ohlela ukuwaqeqesha. Ucingo ngemva kokuthena noma ukuncinza, njengoba lokhu kusiza ukuhlonza kangcono i-silhouette yesihlahla. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthi ucingo aluwakhiphi amagxolo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinamakhohlo, ukuze kugwenywe amanxeba angaphazamisa ubuhle nempilo ye-bonsai.

• Uthango ungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, ukulungisa ingcindezi nokuqapha ngokwezinga lokukhula.
• Amagatsha kakhokho we-oki angaba ntekenteke: yiba mnene futhi ungalokothi usonte ngokweqile.
• Vikela amagxolo nge-raffia uma ufuna ukugwema ukulimala ezindaweni ezibucayi.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-oki kakhokho nesithelo sawo: Konke mayelana ne-acorn, ukusetshenziswa kwayo, umehluko, kanye nemvelo

Izinambuzane nezifo ezivame kakhulu

Nakuba i-oki kakhokho iyisihlahla esiqinile futhi esiqinile, ayikhululiwe ekusongweni kwesikhunta noma ukuhlaselwa yizinambuzane ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukubola kwezimpande okubangelwa ukuchelela ngokweqile kanye i-oki elomile (okubangelwa ukhunta njenge Phytophthora) izifo ezimbili eziyingozi kakhulu.

• Ukuze uvimbele, gcina i-substrate ehlanjululwe kahle futhi ugweme ukumanzisa isiqu namaqabunga lapho unisela.
• Sebenzisa ama-fungicides athile e-Fosetyl-Al noma ekhopha ngezikhathi ezithile, ikakhulukazi uma indawo ezungezile inomswakama kakhulu noma imvula.
• Ukubonakala kwe-powdery mildew (impuphu emhlophe emaqabunga) kubonisa umswakama oweqile. Nciphisa ukuchelela, thuthukisa umoya, futhi welaphe nge-anti-powdery mildew fungicide.
• Ama-oki kakhokho awavamile ukuletha izinkinga ezinkulu zezinambuzane, nakuba ama-mealybug noma ama-aphid angase avele ngezikhathi ezithile, alawulwa kalula ngensipho ye-potassium noma uwoyela we-neem.

Ukusabalalisa: Ungayisakaza kanjani i-cork oak bonsai yakho

Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokusabalalisa ye Thola i-bonsais entsha ye-cork oak Kungembewu, kusetshenziswa ama-acorn avuthiwe. Akudingekile ukuhlukanisa imbewu ye-oki kakhokho (yize kunconywa kwezinye izinhlobo ze-Quercus genus), kodwa kubalulekile ukuyihlwanyela isanda, njengoba ilahlekelwa amandla ngokushesha.

1. Qoqa ama-acorn avuthiwe bese uwatshala endaweni evulekile, emanzi, uwamboze kancane.
2. Gcina izinga lokushisa elipholile kanye nomswakama njalo kuze kube yilapho isithombo siyavela.
3. Lapho enamapheya amaningana amaqabunga eqiniso, awafake ebhodweni ngalinye bese uqala ukumpintsha nokuqeqesha ngemva konyaka wokuqala.

Ukusabalalisa ngokusikwa akukhuthazwa, njengoba izinga lokuphumelela liphansi kakhulu.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwegxolo nesiqu

Esinye sezici eziyinhloko ezihlonza i-cork oak bonsai yiyona igxolo eliwugqinsi nelimangelengeleUkuthuthukisa lesi sici:

• Vumela isihlahla ukuthi sikhule emabhodweni amakhudlwana eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala ukuze thuthukisa ukuqina kwe-trunk kanye nokuphuma kwamagxolo.
• Gwema ukuthenwa okuvamile noma okunolaka kwezibonelo ezincane.
• Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amagxolo azoqhekeka futhi athuthukise ukukhululeka kwesici okufaka inani elibonakalayo kanye nobuqiniso esihlahleni.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile kanye namathiphu asebenzayo engeziwe

• Ungafaki amanzi ngokweqileAmanzi eqile ayisitha esikhulu salolu hlobo. Hlola umswakama we-substrate ngaphambi kokuchelela.
• Ungabeki esiqwini esishubile: Vikela ezindaweni ezibandayo nge-greenhouse noma ngokuthuthela endlini okwesikhashana.
• Ungakunaki ukufakelwa kabusha: Shintsha i-substrate uma ubona izimpande zibhoboza noma izinkinga zokudonsa amanzi. Sebenzisa isikelo esifakwe isibulala-magciwane ekusikeni ngakunye.
• Ungajahi ucingoUma usaqala, bheka kuqala bese ucela iseluleko uma ungabaza ukuze ugweme ukulimaza amagxolo.
• Ungakhohlwa umanyolo: Umanyolo olinganiselayo, ophilayo ubalulekile, uvumelanisa umthamo ukuze uhambisane nenkathi kanye nesimo sesihlahla.
• Hlola i-bonsai yakho njalo: Ikakhulukazi ngemva kwemvula, izinguquko zenkathi noma ukufakelwa kabusha, ukuze kutholwe isikhunta noma izinambuzane ngesikhathi.

Ukugcina ibhonsai ye-oki kakhokho akuyona inkimbinkimbi uma uhlonipha izidingo zayo zaseMedithera, sebenzisa i-substrate efanelekile, futhi uqaphe ibhalansi yokunisela nokufaka umoya omncane. Ngalokhu kunakekelwa, uzojabulela isihlahla esiqinile esinamagxolo amangalisayo kanye nomlingiswa oyingqayizivele iminyaka eminingi ezayo. Uma unemibuzo ecacile mayelana nesifanekiso sakho, ungangabazi ukusishiya amazwana futhi sizokusiza mathupha ukuthi uyixazulule.