I-Petrea volubilis, owaziwa nangokuthi uFlor de Santa LucÃa, Machiguá noma uRamo de Reina, ungomunye wabaqwali abagqama kakhulu kunoma iyiphi ingadi, ngenxa yamaqoqo ayo ezimbali ze-lilac nokukhula kwayo ngamandla. Lesi sihloko sikhuluma ngazo zonke Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo zePetrea, ichaza izici zayo zesayensi yezitshalo, umsuka wayo, izimo ezingcono kakhulu zokukhula kanye nokusetshenziswa okuningi enakho kokubili engadini nemithi yesintu.
Umsuka, umlando kanye nezici ze-botanical zePetrea volubilis
I-Petrea volubilis Kuyisitshalo esingapheli esikhuphukayo somndeni wakwaVerbenaceae. Itholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zase EMexico, eMelika Ephakathi, eCaribbean naseNingizimu Melika, futhi ichuma ngokwemvelo emahlathini emvula nasemahlathini, lapho ikwazi ukukhuphuka kalula ezihlahleni futhi imboze izakhiwo.
Iziqu zayo eziguquguqukayo, ezinokhuni zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha amaningana uma zisekelwa, futhi zingamboza ngokushesha ama-pergola, ama-railing, amakholomu, izindonga, nama-trellises. Yaziswa kakhulu ekutshaleni ingadi kokubili ukuqina kwayo kanye nemvelo ebabazekayo yamaqoqo ezimbali zayo, okuthi, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, zingafika ngezithunzi ze-lilac, ezinsomi, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma, ezinhlobonhlobo ezingajwayelekile, ezimhlophe.
I-Las amaqabunga ePetrea volubilis Zilula, ziphambene, futhi zi-lanceolate, ezinokwakheka okuqinile kanye ne-margin yonke. Zingakala phakathi kuka-8 no-15 cm ubude futhi zibe nombala oluhlaza ojulile ophikisana nethoni ethambile, nenhle yezimbali. Ukukhula ngokushesha kanye nekhono lokukhuphuka kubenza balungele ukudala izikhala eziluhlaza eziqondile kanye nezakhiwo zokumboza ngesikhathi esifushane.
Isici esiyingqayizivele sePetrea ukuthi izimbali zangempela, ezincane ne-violet ngombala, zitholakala phakathi nendawo ye-lilac bracts enkulu, okuyizona ezinikeza isitshalo umbala nokubukisa. Le inflorescence ihlala amasonto ambalwa futhi ikhanga kakhulu kubo bobabili abantu kanye ne-pollinator, ikakhulukazi izinyosi nezimvemvane.
Izinhlobonhlobo namagama ajwayelekile kaPetrea
Uhlobo olulinywa kakhulu yi I-Petrea volubilis, nakuba ngaphakathi kohlobo lwePetrea kunezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo eziningana. Phakathi kwazo, i-"Petrea volubilis var. alba" igqamile, enezimbali ezimhlophe, ezingajwayelekile kodwa ezihlobisa ngokulinganayo. Ngezinye izikhathi i-Petrea ididaniswa ne-wisteria (Wisteria), njengoba womabili enamaqoqo ezimbali alengayo, kodwa iPetrea kulula kakhulu ukuyinakekela futhi ikufanelekela kangcono isimo sezulu esifudumele, esishisayo.
- Imbali yaseSaint Lucia: Igama lesifunda eCaribbean naseCentral America.
- I-Machiguá noma i-Queen's Bouquet: amagama adumile eNingizimu Melika nasezingxenyeni zaseMexico.
- I-Blue Bird Vine: igama elivamile ngesiNgisi lombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wezinye izinhlobo.
Izinzuzo zokuhlobisa nokwakheka kwezwe
Ngenxa yokukhula kwayo ngamandla nokumelana kwayo, iPetrea volubilis isetshenziselwa kabanzi:
- Ukumboza izindonga, uthango kanye ne-pergolas, okwenza umphumela wamakhethini wesitshalo.
- Izikhala ezihlukene ezingadini namavulandi, zinikeza ubumfihlo kanye nomthunzi oyingxenye.
- Khanga izinyosi, izimvemvane nama-hummingbirds ngenxa yokuqhakaza kwayo okuchichimayo nokuhlala isikhathi eside.
Ingatshalwa phansi noma ezimbizeni ezinkulu, inqobo nje uma ihlinzekwa ngosekelo lokukhuphuka. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezingadini zomphakathi nezizimele kuvumela ukumboza ngokushesha izakhiwo ezingathandeki, uthango olungenalutho, noma ukuvimba izindonga, ukudala indawo yemvelo neyokuphumula.
Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kwesitshalo sasePetrea
I-Petrea volubilis isitshalo esingenasidingo, nakuba ukufeza ubukhazikhazi bayo obugcwele, kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile okuhlobene nokukhanya, ukuchelela, uhlobo lwe-substrate, nokudla. Lokhu kunakekelwa kwenza iPetrea ibe yinhlobo efanelekile yabo bobabili abalimi abanolwazi nabaqalayo.
Indawo kanye nokuchayeka elangeni
Ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kubalulekile ngoPetro. Ithanda izindawo ezinelanga, nakuba ibekezelela umthunzi omncane, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele lapho ingavikelwa khona emisebeni yasemini enkulu kakhulu. Indawo lapho ithola khona 4 kuya ku-6 amahora welanga ngqo ngosuku ilungele ukugqugquzela ukuqhakaza okuchichimayo.
Ngaphakathi, iPetrea idinga ukuba seduze kwefasitela elikhanyayo, nakuba ikhule kahle ngaphandle, lapho ingathuthukisa khona amakhono ayo okukhuphuka agcwele.
Amazinga okushisa nokuqina
I-Petrea isitshalo esijwayele izimo zezulu ezifudumele nezipholile. Ibekezelela amazinga okushisa afudumele futhi ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphansi ngezikhathi ezithile, nakuba ayimelani nesithwathwa esideEzindaweni ezinamakhaza ashubile, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uyikhule ezimbizeni ezinkulu ezingafakwa endlini noma zivikelwe ngezingubo zokulala ezishisayo ebusika.
Imelana nesomiso kangcono kunokugcwala kwamanzi., ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthola ibhalansi yamanzi efanele isizini nesifunda.
Inhlabathi ekahle kanye ne-substrate
I-Petrea volubilis ithanda ukukhanya, inhlabathi evundile enamanzi amahle kakhuluUmhlabathi owudaka kanye ohlangene ungabangela ukubola kwezimpande, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo senhlabathi ngezinto eziphilayo, ezifana nomquba noma izikelemu. Emabhodweni, sincoma ukusebenzisa i-substrate yendawo yonke exutshwe ne-perlite noma isihlabathi esimahhadla ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kwamanzi.
I-pH efanelekile ye-substrate kufanele ibe ne-acidic kancane noma ingathathi hlangothi., okusukela phakathi kuka-6 no-7 ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumuncwa kwezakhi. Kubalulekile ukugwema inhlabathi ene-alkaline kakhulu noma enosawoti omningi.
Ukuchelela: imvamisa kanye nendlela efanele
Ukunisela ngendlela efanele kungenye yezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwePetrea. Nakuba ingamelana nezikhathi ezimfushane zesomiso, i-substrate akufanele ivunyelwe ukuba yome ngokuphelele phakathi nezigaba zokukhula nezimbali.
- Entwasahlobo nasehlobo: Nisela izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4 ngeviki, kuye ngesimo sezulu, uqinisekise ukuthi i-substrate ayimanzi kodwa ayigcwali amanzi.
- ekwindla nasebusika: Yehlisa imvamisa yokunisela kube kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15, ikakhulukazi uma kuvezwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
- Gwema ukuchelela ngaphezu kwamahlamvu Ukuvimbela izifo zesikhunta, kungcono ukunisela ngqo phansi kwesitshalo.
Ukuvundisa kanye nobulongwe
Ukudla okunomsoco kuyisihluthulelo sokukhula okunempilo nokuqhakaza isikhathi eside.I-Petrea isabela kahle kakhulu ekuvundiseni okuvamile phakathi nezinyanga ze-vegetative ephakeme kakhulu (entwasahlobo nasehlobo). Ungasebenzisa umanyolo wemvelo ofana nomquba, i-seaweed extract, noma i-worm castings, uwufake phezulu phansi kwesitshalo.
Ukuthena nokunakekela
Ukuthena kubalulekile ukulawula ukukhula kanye nokuma kwePetrea volubilisKunconywa ukwenza izihlahla zokwakheka ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza okukhulu, ukususa amagatsha omile, abuthakathaka, noma akhule. Lokhu kuvumela isitshalo ukuthi sihlale sihlangene futhi sihlobisa kakhulu.
- Ukuthena kabusha: Ekupheleni kobusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, nquma iziqu eziqhakazile ukuze ukhuthaze amagatsha amasha ukuba ahlume.
- ukuhlanza njalo: Susa izimbali ezibunile namaqabunga aphuzi ukuze uvimbele izifo futhi ugcine ubuhle.
- Ezifundeni lapho isitshalo silala khona ngesikhathi kubanda, yenza ukuhlanza okujulile ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Amagatsha okuqeqesha alula: vele ubophe noma uqondise amahlumela amasha ekusekeleni oyifunayo. IPetrea izothuthukisa ngokushesha inethiwekhi eminyene uma inikezwa indawo nesakhiwo sokukhuphuka.
Ukuqhakaza: inkathi, imibala kanye nobude besikhathi
Ukuqhakaza kwePetrea volubilis kuthatha isikhathi eside futhi kuyabukisa kakhulu.Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali ngokuvamile siqala ngokufika kwesimo sezulu esifudumele, sisuka entwasahlobo siye ekuqaleni kwekwindla ezindaweni ezifudumele. Kwezinye izifunda, ingakhiqiza ama-blooms angawodwa ngesikhathi sesizini engasebenzi uma ukukhanya okulungile nezimo zokushisa kuhlangatshezwana nazo.
Amaqoqo ezimbali alenga kahle eziqwini, ane-lilac, onsomi, noma ama-bracts amhlophe kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo. Izimbali zangempela zine-violet hue futhi ngokuvamile zikhipha iphunga elithambile, nakuba lingabi likhulu njengele-wisteria. Amaqoqo angafinyelela ubude obufika ku-20-30 cm futhi ahlale ekhanga amasonto.
Ukuthena nokuvundisa ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ukuze ujabulele ukuqhakaza izimbali eziningi unyaka nonyaka.
Izinkinga ezivamile nezisombululo
Nakuba i-Petrea volubilis iwuhlobo oluqinile, ezinye izinkinga zingavela uma izimo zokukhula zinganele. Izithiyo eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Amaqabunga aphuzi noma ukuwa kweqabunga: Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukunisela ngokweqile noma inhlabathi engakhami kahle. Lungisa imvamisa yokunisela futhi uqinisekise ukuthi i-substrate ayinamanzi.
- Ukuqhakaza okuncane: Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya, ukuthena okungafanele, noma initrogen eyeqile. Hlola ukuthi isitshalo sithola ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele futhi ulungise umanyolo.
- Izinambuzane: Ngezikhathi ezithile, ingase ihlaselwe ama-aphid, mealybugs, noma izibungu. Faka imithi yokwelapha ephilayo njengensipho ye-potassium noma amafutha e-neem uma uthola lezi zinambuzane.
- izifo fungalUma imvelo inomswakama kakhulu noma ukuchelela kwenziwa ngaphezu kwamahlamvu, isikhunta singakhula. Qinisekisa ukuthi kungena umoya omuhle kanye namanzi phansi.
Ukusatshalaliswa nokukhiqizwa kabusha kwePetrea volubilis
Ukusakazeka kwePetrea kungenziwa kokubili imbewu ngokwe ukusika, lena yakamuva iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yejubane nokwethembeka kwayo.
- Ngokusikwa kwe-semi-woodyEntwasahlobo noma ehlobo, sika izigaba zesiqu ezingaba ngu-15-20 cm ubude, susa amaqabunga aphansi, bese ubeka endaweni engaphansi enomanzi, engenawo umoya. Gcina emthunzini oyingxenye kuze kukhule izimpande.
- Ngezimbewu: Imbewu ingase iphuze ukumila (kungathatha amasonto ambalwa). Zitshale ematreyini noma emabhodweni amancane anenhlabathi elula futhi uwagcine emanzi ngaphandle kokunisela ngokweqile.
- Kuzo zombili izimo, ukusetshenziswa kwama-hormone e-rooting noma ama-biopreparations emvelo asekelwe ku-sinamoni noma i-willow extracts kunomthelela ekuqedeni okungcono.
Izitshalo ezincane kufanele zivikelwe ekushiseni okwedlulele futhi kancane kancane zivumelane nelanga eliqondile.
Ukusetshenziswa, izinzuzo kanye curiosities of Petrea volubilis
I-Petrea ayigcini nje ngokugqama ngenani layo lokuhlobisa, kodwa futhi inemisebenzi ehlukahlukene kanye nezakhiwo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithiKwamanye amasiko endabuko, amaqabunga nezimbali zisetshenziswa njenge-expectorant, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory. I-Petrea infusions ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukupholisa ukukhwehlela, ukukhulula izinkinga zokuphefumula, nokwelapha amanxeba amancane, nakuba kunconywa ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubonana nochwepheshe ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa ekwelapheni.
- Isihlanzi semveloNgenxa yamahlamvu ayo aminyene, iPetrea imunca izinhlayiya ezisemoyeni futhi isize ekwakheni ama-microclimate apholile ezingadini namavulandi.
- Izimonyo zemvelo: Izingcaphuno zesitshalo zisetshenziswa kweminye imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba nezinwele ngemiphumela yazo engaba khona yokupholisa kanye ne-antioxidant.
- SymbolismKwamanye amazwe, iPetrea ifanekisela ukuphila isikhathi eside nobuhle obuhlala njalo ngenxa yemvelo ebabazekayo kanye nobude bokuqhakaza kwayo.
Ukuqhathanisa nabanye abagibeli: kungani ukhetha Petrea?
I-Petrea volubilis ivame ukuqhathaniswa nabanye abaqwali abadumile njenge Wisteria noma i-glycine, i UJasminum (jasmine) kanye bougainvillea. Nokho, IPetrea ayifuni kakhulu inhlabathi nokunisela, futhi imelana kakhulu nezifo ezikhunta uma ithola ilanga elanele kanye nomoya omncane.
Umehluko omkhulu ku-wisteria ukuthi i-Petrea ayidingi ubusika obuqinile ukuze iqhakaze futhi ingachuma kahle ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene kakhulu uma inhloso kuwukumboza izindonga noma ama-pergolas ezindaweni ezifudumele.
Uma iqhathaniswa ne-bougainvillea, iPetrea ayihlaseleki futhi kulula ukuyilawula ngokuthena, futhi inezimbali ezintekenteke nezibukeka kahle.
Ukwengeza, ukumelana kwayo nesomiso okusesilinganisweni kanye nezidingo eziphansi zokunakekela kuyenza ibe inketho efanelekile kubalimi bawo wonke amazinga kanye namaphrojekthi esimeme wokulungisa indawo.
Amathiphu engeziwe okukhula ngempumelelo
- Lapho utshala iPetrea ebhodweni, sebenzisa iziqukathi ezinkulu ezinomhlabathi wobumba omncane futhi uye esitsheni esikhulu lapho ubona izimpande ziphuma emigodini yokukhipha amanzi.
- Nikeza ukusekela okuqinile noma ukwakheka—ama-lattice, ama-pergolas, amakhothamo, noma ama-wire mesh—lapho amagatsha engahlangana khona futhi akhule aqonde phezulu.
- Qaphela isithwathwa: Vikela isisekelo nge-mulch yemvelo, njengegxolo likaphayini, ngezikhathi zamakhaza amakhulu ukuze uvimbele ukulimala kwezimpande.
- Musa ukutshala lapho isitshalo siqhakaza, njengoba lesi yisigaba saso esintekenteke kakhulu.
- Gada ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane ngokuhlola okuvamile, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-Petrea volubilis
- Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi iPetrea iqhakaze embewini?
Ukukhula kusuka embewini kuhamba kancane. Kungathatha iminyaka ephakathi kuka-1 no-2 ukufinyelela usayizi omkhulu ngokwanele ukuqhakaza. Ngakho-ke, ukusabalalisa ngokusika kuyathandwa. - Ingabe ingatshalwa esimweni sezulu saseMedithera?
Yebo, inqobo nje uma ithola isivikelo emakhazeni asebusika. Ezindaweni ezineqhwa eliqinile, kungcono ukutshala ebhodweni noma endaweni evikelekile. - Okufanele ukwenze uma izimbali zingaveli?
Hlola indawo (kufanele ithole ilanga elanele), umanyolo (ungasebenzisi ngokweqile i-nitrogen), futhi uthene ngemva kokuqhakaza ukuze ukhuthaze amahlumela amasha. - Ingabe inobuthi ezilwaneni ezifuywayo?
Abukho ubufakazi obucacile bobuthi obunzima, kodwa kuhle ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwamaqabunga noma izimbali yizinja namakati. - Isiphi isakhiwo esilungele ukuqondisa iPetrea?
Noma yikuphi ukwesekwa okuqondile okuqinile (ama-trellises, ama-lattices, ama-pergolas aqinile) kufanelekile. I-wire mesh isebenza kahle futhi ivumela ukuqeqeshwa kwezitshalo okulula.
Ukukhula kwePetrea volubilis kufana nokugcwalisa ingadi yakho ngombala, impilo, nobuhle bemvelo. Isidingo sayo esiphansi, isikhathi sokuqhakaza okuhlala isikhathi eside, kanye nezinzuzo ezikhangayo kuyenza ibe umqansa okufanele ube nawo kulabo abafuna izindawo eziluhlaza ezigqamile, ezinhle ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezeqile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna ukumboza udonga noma wengeze ukuthinta okungavamile engadini yakho, i-Petrea izokuvuza ngokupha kwayo kanye nesizini yokuqina ngemva kwesizini.