Vale Constructions ingaphezulu kakhulu kwenkampani yokwakha nokunyakazisa umhlaba. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu kuhlanganisa ukudalwa kwezingadi nezindawo zokudlala, ikakhulukazi esifundazweni sasePontevedra. Ubuwazi ukuthi kunemfihlo yokujabulela ingadi enempilo, enempilo, nenhle unyaka wonke? Leyomfihlo ithi... i-negra, i-substrate yemvelo engashintsha noma iyiphi indawo eluhlaza ibe yi-oasis yenhlalakahle nemvelo.
Yini umhlaba omnyama?
Umhlaba omnyama a inhlabathi enombala omnyama Isuka ekuboleni kwezinto eziphilayo, okuhlanganisa izinsalela zezilwane namaqabunga awela ezihlahleni, ezazo izakhi zimuncwa umhlabathi. Umbala wayo owuphawu ubonisa ukunotha kwezinto eziphilayo ezibolayo zaba izinhlayiya ezinhle kakhulu, ezinikeza izici eziyingqayizivele.
Lesi sakhiwo siyakuvumela gcina amanzi anele futhi kuthuthukise umoya-mpilo wezimpande, izici ezimbili ezibalulekile zokukhula kwesitshalo, amandla, nokuqina. Njengoba ama-microorganisms ebola indaba yezitshalo, inhlabathi ivundiswa ngemisoco, kuhlanganise i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium, izihluthulelo zengadi enempilo noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo.
Izakhiwo kanye nezinzuzo zomhlaba omnyama
1. Ukuzala OkuveleleUkunotha kwenhlabathi emnyama izakhi ezifana ne-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potassium kwenza kube umsizi obalulekile ekukhuleni okunamandla kwezitshalo notshani. Umhlabathi ovundile ukhiqiza izitshalo ezinamandla, ezinempilo ezikwazi ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
2. Ukugcina umswakama nokonga: Ukuthungwa kwayo okunezipontshi, okuthambile kanye nezimbotshana kuvumela amunce futhi agcine amanzi kahle, okuholela ekuniseleni okuncane kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza eziphansi. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezomile noma ngezikhathi zesomiso.
3. Ukukhipha amanzi ngendlela efanele: Naphezu komthamo wawo wokugcina amanzi, inhlabathi emnyama ithanda a i-drainage efanele, ukugwema amanzi amaningi, angabolisa izimpande. Ibhalansi phakathi komswakama nomoya-mpilo ilungele ukukhula kwezimpande.
4. Ithuthukisa ukuthungwa kanye nokwakheka komhlabathiUkwengeza umhlabathi omnyama kunikeza ukuthungwa okuxekethile, okunomoya, ukwenza ngcono ukungeneka kanye nokwenza lula ukukhula kwezimpande. Lokhu kusiza futhi ekusindeni kwezinambuzane nezikelemu ezinenzuzo, umsebenzi wazo ogcina inhlabathi ixega futhi inempilo.
5. Ukwanda kokuphila kwe-microbial: Ukwakheka kwe-organic kukhuthaza ukuba khona kwe ama-microorganisms amahle njengamabhaktheriya nesikhunta, okubalulekile ekuboleni kwezinsalela eziphilayo kanye nokukhululwa okuqhubekayo kwemisoco, okunikela esimisweni semvelo esinokulinganisela nesemvelo.
6. Ukuhlukahluka nokuhambisana
7. Ukusebenzisa kalulaIngasetshenziswa ngokuqondile emhlabathini, ixutshwe namanye ama-substrates ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zayo, noma isetshenziswe njengendawo yokumboza engaphezulu. Akudingi ulwazi olukhethekile ukufaka isicelo futhi kungenziwa ngabaqalayo noma abalimi abanolwazi.
Ukwakheka nezici ezinhle zomhlaba omnyama
Inhlabathi emnyama yekhwalithi kufanele ibe nayo phakathi kuka-5% no-15% wezinto eziphilayo (i-humus, imfucumfucu yezitshalo, ama-microorganisms), amaminerali (isihlabathi, udaka, nobumba ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo), i-pH engathathi hlangothi noma ene-asidi kancane (phakathi kuka-6.0 no-7.0), umthamo omkhulu wokubamba amanzi, ukuthamba okuthambile, kanye nokungenisa umoya okuhle kakhulu. Lezi zimfanelo ziqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande zithola indawo ekahle yokumunca izakhi kanye nokukhula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunikezwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezibolile ukuqhubeka nokuzala, njengoba ezinye izilwanyana ezincane zize zilungisele izitshalo initrogen emoyeni. Amaminerali alinganiselayo avimbela ukucinana kwenhlabathi futhi kusiza kokubili ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi ngendlela efanele.
Izakhiwo ezithile zenhlabathi emnyama ngokusho kohlobo lwesitshalo
- Izitshalo zokuhlobisa nemifino: Bakhetha inhlabathi emnyama enothile nge-humus futhi enomsoco ophezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokushesha kanye nenala yezimbali noma amaqabunga.
- Ama-Succulents kanye ne-cacti: Badinga izingxube ezinokuqukethwe kwesihlabathi esiphezulu ukuze bagweme umswakama oweqile kanye nokubola kwezimpande.
- Utshani nezihlahlaUmhlabathi omnyama usiza ukwakha izimpande ezijulile, eziqinile, okwenza utshani nezihlahla zikwazi ukumelana nesomiso nezifo.
Ithebula elilandelayo lifingqa izilinganiso ezifanele zezinto eziphilayo, ukuthungwa, kanye nomswakama wezinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo:
| Uhlobo Lwezitshalo | I-Organic Matter Level | I-Ideal Texture (Isihlabathi/Udaka/Ubumba) | I-pH enconyiwe | Ukugcina Amanzi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imifino | Phezulu (10-15%) | Kulinganisiwe (40/40/20) | 6.0 - 7.0 | Alta |
| Izitshalo eziqhakazayo | Okumaphakathi (8-12%) | Isihlabathi nesihlabathi esimaphakathi | 6.0 - 7.0 | Maphakathi ukuya phezulu |
| Ama-Succulents/cactus | Phansi (5-7%) | Isihlabathi esiphezulu (60%), ubumba oluphansi (10%) | 6.0 - 7.5 | Okuphansi kuya kokuphakathi |
Amathiphu okuthuthukisa nokugcina inhlabathi emnyama
1. Ukunothisa njalo: Ukwengeza umquba wasekhaya kuthuthukisa ukuvunda komhlabathi futhi iqinisa izakhiwo zayo. Vuselela ungqimba lomhlabathi omnyama ezimbizeni zakho njalo ngesizini, ikakhulukazi uma utshala izitshalo ezinezidingo eziphezulu zomsoco.
2. Gwema ukuminyana: Khipha futhi ungenise umoya emhlabathini ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ugcine ukwakheka okuxekethile, okunezimbotshana. Ngale ndlela, izimpande ziphefumula kangcono futhi ukwandisa ukugcinwa kwezakhi.
3. Ukulawula i-pH: Yenza izivivinyo zasekhaya ukuze uqinisekise i-pH yakho efanelekile. Lungisa nge-lime uma ine-asidi kakhulu noma nesibabule uma ine-alkaline kakhulu.
4. Ukuvimbela izinambuzaneSebenzisa kuphela inhlabathi emnyama eqinisekisiwe engenazo izinto ezingcolisayo nezilokazane. Uma wenza owakho, qiniseka ukuthi uyawuhlunga ukuze ukhiphe amatshe angafuneki kanye nemfucumfucu.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko komhlaba omnyama
- Umanyolo wezitshalo nezingadi: Kuyinto ukusetshenziswa okuvamile, ngcono kokubili inzalo njengokuthungwa okujwayelekile komhlabathi.
- Ukugcwalisa ukulinganisa umhlaba noma ukulungisa izindawo zotshani: Inikeza i-substrate efanele yezimpande ezijulile, ezikhulayo.
- Izimbiza nezitsha zasendlini: Inikeza indawo ekahle yezitshalo zasendlini, ngenxa yomswakama wayo namandla okugcina izakhi.
- Izingadi zasemadolobheni nezingadi zasekhaya: Yandisa isivuno sezitshalo zokudla (imifino, amakhambi, izithelo) futhi ikhuthaza ukukhula kokudla okunempilo ezindaweni ezincane.
- Izindawo zokudlala nezindawo eziluhlaza zomphakathi: Ukwakheka kwayo kanye nokuhlanzeka kwemvelo kuyenza ibe into ephephile uma isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezivame ukuvakashela izingane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
- Hlunga ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ukuze ususe izinsalela ezingadingeki.
- Uma ihlanganiswe ne-perlite, i-vermiculite noma i-coconut fiber, ukugeleza kwamanzi kuyathuthukiswa.
- Gwema amanzi amile, angabolisa izimpande. Nakuba inhlabathi igcina umswakama kahle, amanzi amaningi ayingozi.
- Ukuhambisana nokuchelela okuvamile ngokwezidingo zezinhlobo zezilwane, khumbula ukuthi kuzodinga imvamisa encane ngenxa yomthamo wayo wokugcina.
- Kuma-succulents nezinhlobo ezinamanzi aphansi, lungisa isilinganiso sesihlabathi ne-organic matter ukuze wenze imiksi ngokwezifiso.
Inhlabathi emnyama edayiswa izingadi ePontevedra
En Vale Constructions Sisebenza ngokukhethekile ekuthengisweni kwe inhlabathi emnyama ephezulu Yenziwe kusetshenziswa umanyolo wemvelo futhi ayinazo izithasiselo zamakhemikhali ngokuphelele. Singahlinzeka amanani athile kuklayenti ngalinye, ukuzivumelanisa nakho kokubili amaphrojekthi amancane okuhlobisa kanye namaphrojekthi amakhulu okuhlelwa kwezwe.
Uma usePontevedra noma endaweni ezungezile futhi ungathanda ukuthenga inhlabathi emnyama yengadi yakho, inkundla yokudlala, isiqephu semifino, noma indawo eluhlaza, sicela usithinte ngaphandle kwesibopho. Ithimba lethu lizokunikeza isicaphuna esiqondene nawe kanye nezeluleko ezingcono kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele izindawo zakho zangaphandle.
- Inhlabathi emnyama kufanele ivuselelwe kangaki? Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu njalo ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 kuye kweziyi-12 uma kusetshenziswa ezimbizeni ezitshalwe kakhulu noma izitsha zokutshala.
- Ingabe inhlabathi emnyama ifanele zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo? Ilungele kakhulu izitshalo zokuhlobisa, utshani, nemifino, nakuba ingalungiselelwa ama-succulents kanye ne-cacti ngokungeza isihlabathi esiningi.
- Indlela yokubona uma iphelile? Ukulahlekelwa iphunga lomhlaba, ukuncipha kokukhula kwezitshalo, noma ukuvela kwezingqimba ezihlangene kuyizimpawu zokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuzivuselela.
La i-negra Ithuthukisa impilo namandla anoma iyiphi indawo eluhlaza, ihlinzeka ngesixazululo esilula nesihambisana nemvelo ukuze inothise inhlabathi empofu noma enesihlabathi, ithuthukise ukugcinwa kwamanzi, futhi andise impilo yezitshalo. Ukusebenziseka kalula kwayo kuyenza ibe yinsiza efanelekile yabo bobabili ochwepheshe bokulungisa umhlaba kanye nezimfundamakhwela abafuna ukubona ingadi yabo ikhula inempilo futhi iqinile.