Ama-azaleas Zingesinye sezihlahla eziqhakaza umbukwane futhi ezaziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi ngemibala ehlukahlukene, ukwakheka nobukhulu bezimbali zazo. Eyohlobo I-RhododendronAma-Azalea ahlobisa izingadi, amathala, nengaphakathi ngezimbali eziqhakazayo, aguqule noma iyiphi indawo ibe indawo enomlingo, enempilo. Nakuba abantu abaningi bazi izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela, kunezinkulungwane zezinhlobo nama-cultivars, ngayinye enezici ezihlukile ezizenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa okuhlukene kokuhlobisa nezimo zokukhula. Kulesi sihloko, uzothola izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zama-azaleas emhlabeni, ukuthi yini ewahlukanisayo, nokuthi ungawakhulisa kanjani ukuze ajabulele ubuhle bawo unyaka nonyaka.
Umsuka kanye nezici ezijwayelekile ze-azaleas
I-Azalea isitshalo esinjalo Angaba ama-deciduous noma aluhlaza, kuye ngezinhlobo. Indawo edabuka kuyo ihlanganisa izifunda ze I-Asia (ikakhulukazi iChina, iJapan neKorea), iYurophu neNyakatho Melika. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo, manje sezivame ukutholakala ezingadini emhlabeni jikelele. I-Azaleas ikhula kancane futhi ingahluka ngosayizi ukusuka Amasentimitha angama-20 ezinhlobonhlobo ezincane kuze kufinyelele Amamitha angu-4 ohlotsheni olukhulu kakhulu, nakuba kunamarekhodi ama-rhododendron afinyelela kumamitha angu-30 endle.
Ukuqhakaza kwe-azalea kuwukukhanga kwayo okuyinhloko. Ikhiqiza izimbali eziningi eziqoqwe ngamaqoqo., emithunzini esukela kokumhlophe okumsulwa kuya kokubomvu okujulile, edlula emithonjeni ehlukahlukene ebomvana, e-lilac, ewolintshi, ngisho nephuzi. Imbali ngayinye ingakala phakathi kwamasentimitha angu-2 no-6 ububanzi, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo. Amaqabunga awo, ngokuvamile amancane futhi aluhlaza okumnyama, angaba yi-lanceolate noma i-oval, futhi ebusika uma evundile, noma ashintshwe kancane kancane uma ehlala eluhlaza.
Isici esithakazelisayo sama-azaleas ukumelana kwawo nokushisa okulinganiselwe, okubavumela ukuba batshalwe ezimbizeni ezingaphakathi endlini nasezindaweni ezipholile noma zaseMedithera, inqobo nje uma zigcinwa zinomswakama futhi zithola umthunzi oyingxenye.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-azaleas ne-rhododendron
Kuvame ukudidanisa ama-azaleas nama-rhododendron, kusukela I-Azaleas empeleni i-subtype ye-rhododendron. Nokho, kunomehluko ophawulekayo:
- Usayizi weqabunga nembali: I-Azaleas ivame ukuba namaqabunga amancane nezimbali kune-rhododendron.
- Uhlobo lwamahlamvu: Ama-azalea amaningi aluhlaza, kuyilapho ama-rhododendron amaningi ehlala eluhlaza.
- Ukubekezelela isimo sezulu: I-Azalea ibekezelela ukushisa nesomiso esisesilinganisweni kangcono, iyenza ilungele amabhodwe kanye nezindawo ezingaphakathi endlini noma ezimbozwe kancane.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezitshalo: izigaba eziyinhloko
Ukuze kube lula ukukhonjwa kwawo, izazi zezitshalo zihlukanise ama-azalea abe yizigaba ezimbili ezinkulu:
- tsutsusi: Ihlanganisa cishe izinhlobo eziyikhulu ezidabuka e-Asia. Angaba ama-deciduous noma aluhlaza. Rhododendron inkomba, ezihlale ziluhlaza kanye nezimbali ezibomvana, ziyisibonelo esitshalwa kabanzi.
- I-Penthanthera: Kufaka phakathi ama-azalea akhula e-Europe naseNyakatho Melika. Isibonelo yilesi I-Rhododendron luteum, enezimbali eziphuzi nephunga elimnandi.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-azalea amahle kakhulu emhlabeni
Ubuhle be-azaleas bubaluleke kakhulu kangangokuthi bukhona izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zasendle kanye namacultivar angaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi nama-hybrids Ithuthukiswe ukuze ivumelane nezinhlobonhlobo zokuthandwa nezimo ezikhulayo. Ngezansi, sethula ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo ze-azalea eziphawuleka kakhulu, zombili izinhlobo ezihlanzekile nama-cultivars aziswa kakhulu ekulima:
1. I-Azalea yaseNdiya (I-Rhododendron isitshalo)
Yaziwa ngezimbali zayo eziningi ezingaba mhlophe, pink, noma ezibomvu, le azalea idabuka eMpumalanga Asia futhi ilungele izindawo zangaphakathi nezingadi ezipholile. Ingafinyelela kumamitha ama-2 ukuphakama futhi inamaqabunga amancane, aluhlaza ngokumnyama. Ijwayelana kahle ne-semi-shade futhi igcina amahlamvu awo cishe unyaka wonke endaweni epholile.
2. Azalea Japonica (I-Rhododendron japonicum)
Lolu hlobo lungolunye olulinywa kakhulu ezingadini. Ihlangene (amamitha angu-1-2 ubude), i-pink kuya kwezimbali ezibomvu. Ivumelana ngokuphelele nezimo zezulu ezipholile futhi ukutshalwa kwebhodwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumelana kwayo nokubanda kuyenza ibe nezinto ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezivande.
3. I-Azalea Ephuzi (I-Rhododendron luteum)
Lesi sihlahlana esinama-deciduous sigqama ngaso izimbali zayo eziphuzi eziqinile nephunga elimnandiIngafinyelela kumamitha angu-4 ubude, iyenze ilungele izingadi ezinkulu. Itholakala eMpumalanga Yurophu nase-Asia, yaziswa kakhulu ekulungiseni indawo ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kanye nezimbali zayo ezikhangayo.
4. I-Royal Azalea (I-Rhododendron schlippenbachii)
Indabuko yaseKorea, eChina naseJapane, i-azalea yasebukhosini ibonakala izimbali ezinkulu ezipinki ezikhanyayo namaqabunga abanzi. Iwuhlobo lwezihlahla ezivuthulukayo, ezilungele izingadi lapho ukuthintwa okuhle nokuyinkimbinkimbi kufiswa entwasahlobo.
5. I-Korean Azalea (I-Rhododendron yedoense)
Yaziswa kakhulu ngu ukumelana kwayo nokubandaI-azalea yaseKorea ikhiqiza izimbali ezipinki ezijulile noma ezi-violet futhi ingamelana nesithwathwa esimaphakathi. Ikhula kahle emthunzini oyingxenye futhi ilungele uthango oluphansi, olunemibala.
6. Ixhaphozi i-Azalea (I-Rhododendron viscosum)
Lolu hlobo luyakhiqiza izimbali ezimhlophe ezinephunga elimnandi ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Ilungele izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi kanye nonqenqema lwechibi, futhi ibonakala ngokubekezelela okuphezulu kwenhlabathi egcwele amanzi.
7. Azalea Makinoi (I-Rhododendron makinoi)
Isuka eJapan, yaziwa ngamahlamvu ayo amade, amancane nezimbali ezibomvana. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezingadini zesitayela saseJapane futhi njengento yokuhlobisa kuma-rockeries.
8. Azalea Calendula (I-Rhododendron calendulaceum)
Indabuko yase-United States, i-calendula azalea iveza izimbali eziwolintshi noma ezibomvu-owolintshi cishe amasentimitha angu-4 ububanzi. Ivumelana kahle nezingadi zasehlathini kanye nezindawo ezinomthunzi kancane.
9. I-Canadian Azalea (I-Rhododendron yaseCanada)
Lesi sihlahlana esiphansi (kufika ku-1,2 amamitha) sikhula enyakatho-mpumalanga yeNyakatho Melika. Iqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo enezimbali ezi-violet-pink, ezilungele labo abafuna umbala engadini kusukela ekuqaleni kwesizini.
10. Azalea Karen
I-hybrid ethandwa kakhulu, i-Karen Azalea ivelele ngayo amaqoqo e-lavender noma izimbali ezipinki ezikhanyayoAyizweli emakhazeni futhi ingafinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-1,2. Ilungele umthunzi omncane kanye nezindawo ezinomswakama.
11. I-Azalea Satsuki ne-Kurume (Njengebhonsai nebhodwe)
I-Las I-Satsuki azaleas y Kurume Lezi yizinhlobo ezimbili ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukulima ibhonsai namabhodwe. I-Satsukis ifaka izimbali ezimise okwefaneli ngemibala ehlukahlukene, kuyilapho i-Kurumes iqhakaza kakhulu entwasahlobo enezimbali ezincane, ezifana ne-rose. Zombili zingakhula kusuka ku-30 cm kuya ku-2 amamitha.
12. I-Azalea Bloom-A-Thon
Lona uhlobo lwe-hybrid oluthi Iqhakaza ngemibala ehlukene (i-lavender, epinki, emhlophe nebomvu) kokubili entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Igqame ngokumelana kwayo nezifo kanye nokutshala kalula.
13. Azalea Golden Lights
Yenzelwe izimo zezulu ezibandayo, i Izibani Zegolide khiqiza izimbali eziphuzi-orange futhi ingafinyelela ku-1,8 amamitha ukuphakama. Ilungele ikakhulukazi izingadi lapho amazinga okushisa ehla kakhulu ebusika.
14. I-Azalea Emhlophe
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Perennial zaziswa kakhulu ngenxa yazo izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe Zifanekisela ubumsulwa futhi zingavela izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Zilungele amabhodwe futhi zibekezelela isimo sezulu esifudumele kahle, inqobo nje uma i-substrate igcinwa inomswakama.
15. I-Rosebud Azalea ne-Crimson Azalea
La I-Rosebud azalea Kuyisihlahla esikhulu esingafinyelela kumamitha ama-2 ngezimbali ezinamathoni aphuzi-igolide ekwindla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i- i-zalea ebomvu Igqama ngokubukeka kwayo kwe-shruby, ifinyelela kumamitha ama-3 futhi izimbali ezibomvu eziqhakazile ibekezelela kakhulu ilanga.
Imibala nezincazelo ze-azaleas
I-Las azaleas Ziza ngemibala ehlukahlukene: emhlophe, ebomvana, e-lilac, ebomvu, ewolintshi, ephuzi, nenhlanganisela yamathoni amabili (isb., emhlophe ne-violet noma emhlophe nepinki). Umbala ngamunye unophawu olukhethekile:
- Okumhlophe: Ukuhlanzeka, uthando lwaphakade kanye nobuqotho.
- IRosa: Ubuhle besifazane, ubuhle kanye nothando.
- Bomvu: Passion, amandla kanye nokuvikelwa.
- Okuphuzi: Injabulo, ubungane kanye nempumelelo.
- I-Orange ne-lilac: Okwangempela kanye nokudala.
Ngokwesiko lamaShayina, ama-azalea abhekwa "njengembali yemicabango yasekhaya," efanekisela i-nostalgia nezibopho zomndeni. Ukunikeza i-azalea kungadlulisela umlayezo wokunakekela, izifiso ezinhle, noma ukuncoma okujulile.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa okubalulekile kwama-azaleas
- Indawo: Bakhetha ukukhanya okuncane noma ukukhanya okungaqondile. Ukukhanya okuningi okuqondile kungashisa amaqabunga nezimbali.
- Isendlalelo: Zidinga inhlabathi ene-asidi (pH 4,5-6), ekhanyiswe kahle futhi enothile ngezinto eziphilayo. Kunconywa ukuthi ungeze izinaliti zikaphayini noma usebenzise ama-substrates akhethekile ezitshalweni ze-acidophilic.
- Ukunisela: Bathanda umswakama ovamile, kodwa hhayi ukugcwala kwamanzi. Ukunisela ngamanzi emvula noma amanzi athambile kuyanconywa, okungcono ukusebenzisa indlela yokucwiliswa.
- Ithempelesha: Zidinga izindawo ezipholile, zigwema isithwathwa esinamandla nokushisa okukhulu. Ngaphakathi, zigcine zikude nemithombo yokushisa noma isiphephetha-moya.
- Ukuthena: Kwenziwa ekupheleni kokuqhakaza ukuze kugcinwe ukukhula futhi kukhuthaze amahlumela amasha. Zibekezelela ukuthenwa okulingene.
- Ukuvundisa: Vundisa entwasahlobo nasekwindla ngemikhiqizo eklanyelwe izitshalo ezithanda i-asidi. Faka insimbi uma amaqabunga ephenduka aphuzi.
- Izinambuzane: Qaphela ukuvela kwe-mealybugs kanye nesikhunta, usebenzisa ama-fungicides okuvimbela uma kunesidingo. Gwema umcako oweqile emanzini naku-substrate.
Ukuphindaphindeka kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid
I-Las azaleas Ikakhulukazi iphindaphindwe ngokusikwa, okuye kwaholela ekudalweni kwenani elikhulu ama-hybrids nama-cultivarsEziningi zazo zinezici ezithuthukisiwe: ukuqhakaza okude, ukumelana nezifo okukhulu, imibala ehlukile, kanye namaphethini okukhula ahlangene noma alandelanayo, alungele amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene okulima.
Uma ufuna isitshalo sokugcwalisa ikhaya lakho noma ingadi ngombala, i-azalea iyisinqumo esingenakunqotshwa. Ngokunakekelwa kwayo okukhethekile kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo nemibala, kukhona i-azalea elungele zonke izimo nokunambitha komuntu siqu.