Izitshalo zenhlobo ICrassula Angelinye lamaqembu ama-succulents aziswa kakhulu yizimfundamakhwela kanye nochwepheshe bezingadi, ngenxa yabo ukuhlukahluka okukhulu kwezinhlobo, ukutshala kwabo kalula kanye nekhono labo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo eziningi. Uma ufuna izitshalo eziqinile, ezikhangayo, nezihlukile zeqoqo lakho, ingadi, noma indawo yasendlini, yazi okuyinhloko. izinhlobo zeCrassula futhi ufunde ngabo ukunakekela Kubalulekile ukuzuza izibonelo ezinempilo nezinamandla unyaka wonke.
Izici ezijwayelekile ze-Crassula
Ubulili ICrassula Ingowomndeni wakwaCrassulaceae futhi idabuka ikakhulukazi e-Afrika, nakuba kunezinhlobo ezisatshalaliswa kwezinye izifunda zomhlaba. Lezi zitshalo zihlukaniswa ngokugcina amanzi emaqabunga awo, iziqu, nezimpande, okuzivumela ukuba zikwazi phila ezindaweni ezomile nezinganiselwe kahleAnamahlamvu awugqinsi, ayinyama, anenqwaba yomumo nemibala kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni, kusukela kokuluhlaza okotshani kwe-jade kuya kokubomvu, okumpunga, noma amathoni anamabula.
Ezinye zezici zayo eziyinhloko yilezi:
- wakhe ezikhula iminyaka futhi ingatholakala ngesimo sezihlahla ezincane, izitshalo ezihlangene, izitshalo zekhava yomhlabathi kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezilengayo.
- Zikhula ngokulingene, zinesakhiwo esihlangene namaqabunga aphikisanayo noma athandele.
- Kakhulu, qhakaza ngesikhathi sokukhula, ikhiqiza izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe, eziphinki noma ezibomvana kumaqoqo agcinayo.
- I-Crassula kulula ukukhiqiza kabusha ngokusika, iqabunga noma ukuhlukanisa.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko nezinhlobo zeCrassula
Ubulili ICrassula Ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200 ezihlonziwe, eziningi zazo ezinama-hybrids nezinhlobo ezikhethiwe, ezinikeza uhla olubanzi kakhulu lwamathuba okuhlobisa. Lapha sibuyekeza ezinye zezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ezidume kakhulu nezihlonishwayo, ngaphakathi nasezingadini:
I-Crassula ovata (Isihlahla SeJade)
Ngokungangabazeki, iwuhlobo oluqashelwa kakhulu lweCrassula. Lesi sitshalo, esaziwa nangokuthi i-jade noma isitshalo semali, sibonakala ngendawo yaso amaqabunga awugqinsi, acwebezelayo, ayindilinga, okuluhlaza okujulile okunamaphethelo abomvu ngaphansi kokukhanya okuhle. Ingakhula ibe isihlahla esincane sokhuni esingamamitha ambalwa ubude ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Izimbali zawo zimhlophe ngokubomvu futhi zivela ngamaqoqo ekugcineni.
Kukhona anhlobonhlobo ama-cultivars I-Crassula ovata:
- I-Crassula ovata 'i-Hummel's Sunset': enamaqabunga aluhlaza kanye nemiphetho esagolide noma ebomvu.
- I-Crassula ovata 'Gollum' ne-'Hobbit': amaqabunga amise okwe-tubular noma "indlebe".
- I-Crassula ovata 'Crosby's Compact': usayizi ohlangene, olungele amabhodwe amancane.
I-Crassula perforata
Waziwa ngokuthi inkinobho umgexo plant ngenxa yokuhlelwa kwamaqabunga awo angunxantathu, ahlelwe ngokuzungeza eduze kweziqu. Zinemiphetho ebomvana kanye nemithambo ekhangayo, elungele obhasikidi abalengayo noma njengesitshalo sekhava yomhlabathi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe ngalolu hlobo, ungabheka ikhasi lethu ku I-Crassula perforata.
I-Crassula arborescens
Ifana kakhulu ne-ovata, kodwa inamaqabunga ibanzi futhi iyindilinga, ithoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi inomkhawulo obomvuLezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhula njengesihlahla esihlangene futhi zilungele izingadi ze-xerophytic kanye nokuhlelwa kwamadwala. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngokunakekelwa kwayo, vakashela I-Crassula arborescens.
I-Crassula muscosa (i-Curly Cactus noma i-Princess Pine)
Ineziqu ezincane, ezincanyana, ezinamathelene eziyenza ibonakale isihlahla esincane sikaphayini. Iyathandeka kakhulu ezimbizeni noma njengesembozo somhlabathi ngamalungiselelo amnandi. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokutshalwa kwayo, bheka isigaba sethu esinikezelwe I-Crassula marnieriana.
I-Crassula 'Ithempeli likaBuddha'
Izinhlobonhlobo zangempela kakhulu futhi ezifunwa kakhulu ngabaqoqi. Amaqabunga awo akhula abe yizinsika ezinamathelene, akheke izakhiwo zejometri okukhumbuza i-pagoda noma ithempeli lase-Asia.
I-Crassula capitella 'Campfire'
Kubonakala nge amaqabunga amade Ziba nombala obomvu ogqamile lapho zithola ilanga elanele, okwenza zibe nombala omangalisayo. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nokunakekelwa, ungavakashela I-Crassula pellucida.
Isikhathi sasentwasahlobo saseCrassula
Yakha ama-rosette ahlangene amaqabunga ayinyama futhi ikhiqiza izimbali ezipinki ezigqamile. Ilungele amabhodwe namalungiselelo amancane. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nalezi zinhlobonhlobo, vakashela Isikhathi sasentwasahlobo saseCrassula.
Ezinye izinhlobo eziphawulekayo nezinhlobonhlobo
- I-Crassula marginalis: Amaqabunga anwabuzelayo, amise okwenhliziyo, nokukhula okulengayo. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, bheka ICrassula multicava.
- I-Crassula tetragona: ukuthwala okuqondile, amaqabunga aqondile kanye neziqu ezinokhuni, ezilungele ukulingisa ibhonsai.
- I-Crassula Falcata: Amaqabunga ampunga kanye nezimbali ezibomvu ezibukisayo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Imininingwane eminingi ku IGraptopetalum.
- I-Crassula lactea: amaqabunga abanzi, amhlophe nezimbali ezimhlophe ngamaqoqo.
Ukunakekelwa okubalulekile kwe-Crassula
La ICrassula Kuyisitshalo esiphelele sabaqalayo nalabo abafuna izitshalo ezinganakekeli kahle, eziqinile, kodwa sidinga ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo ukuze sibukeke simangalisa futhi sigweme izinkinga zokubola noma izinambuzane. Ngezansi, uzothola izici ezibalulekile zokutshala ngempumelelo:
Ukukhanya nendawo
I-Crassulas idinga ukukhanya okuningi kwemvelo ukukhula okuhlangene, ukuthuthukisa amathoni abomvu, kanye nembali. Okufanelekile yilokhu:
- Zibeke endaweni ekhanyayo kakhulu, enamahora ambalwa ilanga eliqondile (ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezifana ne-Crassula ovata noma i-capitella). Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, vakashela izinhlobo zezitshalo ezinoshukela.
- Ngaphakathi endlini, kuhle kakhulu ukuzibeka eduze kwewindi elibheke empumalanga, entshonalanga, noma eningizimu ukuze usebenzise inani eliphezulu lokukhanya okungenzeka.
- Gwema ilanga elishisa kakhulu emini ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu ukuze uvimbele ukushiswa kwamaqabunga amathenda.
Ukunisela
Ukuchelela cishe kuyiphuzu elibangela izinkinga eziningi kuma-succulents, kanye ICrassula akunjalo. Amanzi amaningi abangela kalula ukubola kwezimpande, kuyilapho ukuntuleka kwamanzi kubonakala njengamaqabunga ashwabana noma awa. Ukuze uthole umhlahlandlela ophelele, bheka Yini ongayitshala kwizingilazi zekristalu.
- Entwasahlobo nasehlobo: ukuchelela okumaphakathi, okuvumela i-substrate ukuthi yome kahle phakathi kokunisela.
- Ekwindla nasebusika: Nciphisa imvamisa, ukunisela kuphela lapho inhlabathi yomile kuze kuthintwa.
- Ungamanzisi amaqabunga lapho unisela futhi ugweme ukugcwala esosoni lebhodwe.
Amaqabunga athambile noma ashwabene abonisa ukuntuleka kwamanzi; amaqabunga aphuzi, asobala, noma alengayo ngokuvamile abonisa umswakama oweqile.
I-substrate nebhodwe
I-Crassulas idinga a i-substrate evulekile, ekhishwe kahle. Ungasebenzisa:
- Izingxube ezikhethekile ze-cacti nama-succulents ziyatholakala kuma-nursery nasezikhungweni zengadi.
- Lungiselela i-substrate yakho enezingxenye ezintathu zenhlabathi yobumba, izingxenye ezimbili zesihlabathi esimahhadla, nengxenye eyodwa ye-perlite noma igravel.
Ibhodwe kumele libe nalo izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi futhi akufanele igcine amanzi ngaphansi. Iziqukathi zeTerracotta zenza kube lula ukuhwamuka komswakama owedlulele. Lapho isitshalo sikhula ngaphandle kwebhodwe noma ukukhula kuncipha, sekuyisikhathi sokusiphinda.
izinga lokushisa nendawo ezungezile
Iningi lama-Crassulas libekezelela izinga lokushisa elibanzi, kodwa liyawazisa amazinga okushisa aphansi. Zibekezelela ukushisa nesomiso, nakuba zingalimala uma ziba nesithwathwa esinamandla isikhathi eside. Uma amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu ebikezelwa, kuhle ukuwavikela noma ukuwahambisa endlini. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana nokunakekelwa kwabo ezimeni ezahlukene, hlola Ukunakekelwa kwe-Aeonium.
Ukuvundisa kanye nobulongwe
Azidingi ukuvundiswa njalo. A umanyolo owuketshezi olinganiselayo we-cacti noma ama-succulents, asetshenziswa entwasahlobo nasehlobo njalo emavikini angu-4-6 anele. Gwema ukufaka umquba ekwindla nasebusika, lapho isitshalo sithule.
Ukuthena nokuhlanza
I-Crassulas iyakwazisa ukususwa kwamaqabunga omile noma awonakele ukuvimbela izinambuzane nokugcina ukubukeka okunempilo. Uma isitshalo sikhula kakhulu, singasikwa ngesikelo esihlanzekile ukukhuthaza amagatsha amasha kanye nokubukeka okuhlangene. Ukuze uthole amathiphu athuthukile, vakashela Sempervivum tectorum.
Ukuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo
I-Crassula iqinile, kodwa ingathinteka yi-mealybugs, aphid, noma ukubola kwezimpande. Bheka amaqabunga nentamo yesitshalo:
- Susa mathupha ama-mealybugs ngeswabhu efakwe utshwala.
- Faka insipho ye-potassium noma izibulala-zinambuzane eziphilayo ukuze ulwe nezinambuzane eziphikelelayo.
- Uma kwenzeka ukubola, nciphisa ukuchelela futhi uthuthukise umoya kanye nokukhipha amanzi.
Izimbali ze-Crassula
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-Crassula, ikakhulukazi i-ovata, zingaqhakaza uma zinokukhanya okwanele nezimo ezifanele. flores Mancane, amise okwenkanyezi, ngokuvamile amhlophe noma apinki, futhi avela ngamaqoqo. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuvame ukuvela ngemuva kokulala kwasebusika, lapho ukukhula kuqala futhi. Ukugqugquzela ukuqhakaza:
- Gcina isitshalo endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle.
- Nciphisa ukuchelela kanye nomanyolo phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo.
- Hlonipha izikhathi zokuphumula ukuze ulingise izimo zemvelo.
Ukuphindaphinda nokusakazwa kweCrassula
I-Crassula ingenye ye-succulents elula kakhulu ukusabalalisa. Ungayiphindaphinda ngokuthi:
- Ukusika iziqu: Sika ucezu lwesiqu esinempilo, uyeke inxeba usuku noma ezimbili, bese utshala endaweni emanzi kuze kube yilapho izimpande zikhula.
- Izithelo zeLeaf: Hlukanisa iqabunga eliphelele esitshalweni sikamama, yeka isisekelo somile, bese usibeka ku-substrate ukuze usivumele ukuba simile.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwezihlahla: Kwenziwa ngokufakelwa kabusha ama-specimens amakhulu, ukuhlukanisa amaqembu eziqu ngezimpande zawo.
Ukusakazeka ngembewu akuvamile futhi kuhamba kancane, kodwa futhi kungenzeka.
I-Crassula: izinhlobonhlobo zangaphakathi nangaphandle
I-Crassulas ingatshalwa kokubili Ingaphakathi njengoba ku Ingaphandle kuye ngohlobo nesimo sezulu. Ezimweni ezipholile noma ezifudumele, zingakhanya ezingadini zamadwala, imibhede ye-succulent, amabhodwe amakhulu, noma ngqo emhlabathini. Ezimweni zezulu ezinobusika obubandayo, inketho engcono kakhulu ukuyikhulisa ebhodweni bese uyihambisa endlini phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo, eduze kwefasitela elikhanyiswe kahle. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngokubanakekela ezindaweni ezahlukene, hlola.
Ezinye izincomo zezinhlobo ezifanele kakhulu endaweni ngayinye:
- Okwangaphakathi: I-Crassula ovata ngezinhlobo zayo ezihlukene, iCrassula perforata, intwasahlobo yaseCrassula.
- Okwangaphandle (izindawo ezifudumele): Crassula arborescens, Crassula tetragona kanye Crassula muscosa.
I-Crassula elengayo futhi ehlangene
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zeCrassula, kunezinhlobo ze inqola elengayo kanye nezinwabuzelayo, ezilungele obhasikidi, amashalofu, noma ukusetshenziswa njengezembozo zengadi. Izibonelo zifaka:
- I-Crassula marginalis: amaqabunga amancane, angama-triangular anemiphetho ebomvu, ukukhula okunwabuzelayo nokulengayo.
- I-Crassula pellucida 'Variegata': amaqabunga amise okwenhliziyo neziqu ezilenga ngomusa.
Izinhlobo ezihlangene ezifana 'neThempeli likaBuddha' noma 'Isikhathi Sasentwasahlobo' zinhle kakhulu kumabhodwe aphansi, amalungiselelo amancane kanye nezingoma ezimnandi.
I-Crassula namanye ama-succulents: umehluko nokufana
I-Crassulas iyingxenye yeqembu elikhulu lama- emnandi, izitshalo ezijwayele ukugcina amanzi futhi ziphile ngokunganaki. Babelana ngezici nezinye izinhlobo ezidumile njenge Echeveria, Sedum, Aloe noma Kalanchoe, kodwa ziyahlukahluka ngemininingwane yokuma, uhlobo lwembali, nezimfuneko zokukhanya. Zilungele izinhlanganisela ezingadini ezinganakekelwa kahle.
Amathiphu athuthukile we-Crassula kanye nama-FAQ
- Kufanele nginisele kangaki i-Crassula? Kuphela uma i-substrate yomile. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, lokhu kuvame ukuba njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10, futhi ebusika, njalo emavikini angu-3-4.
- Ngenzenjani uma amaqabunga eshwabana noma ewa? Hlola ukuchelela: uma zithambile noma zishwabene, kukhona ukuntuleka kwamanzi; uma zibonakala zisobala noma ziconsa, kuba nomswakama oweqile.
- Ingabe i-Crassula ingaphila nokukhanya okwenziwa kuphela? Ibekezelela ukukhanya okuvela kuma-LED, kodwa ihlale ichuma kangcono ngokukhanya kwemvelo okuchichimayo.
- Ingabe i-Crassula inobuthi ezilwaneni ezifuywayo? Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zingabangela ukungakhululeki okuncane uma zidliwe ngokweqile, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuba zingafinyelelwa ezilwaneni ezinelukuluku.
Amaphutha ajwayelekile nokuthi ungawagwema kanjani lapho ukhula i-Crassula
Ukuze ugcine i-Crassula yakho isesimweni esihle, gwema amaphutha alandelayo avamile:
- Ukunisela ngokweqile: Beka kuqala ukugeleza kwamanzi bese ulinda kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi yomile ngaphambi kokunisela futhi.
- I-substrate enzima: Sebenzisa ukukhanya okuxubene netshe, i-perlite noma isihlabathi esimahhadla.
- Ukukhanya okuphansi: Ngaphandle kokukhanya okwanele, isitshalo siba nemilenze futhi silahlekelwa umbala.
- Izimbiza ezingenawo amanzi: Amanzi amaningi ngaphansi abangela ukubola ngokushesha.
- Ukuvundisa ngokweqile: Faka umanyolo kuphela ngenkathi esebenzayo futhi ungadluli.
I-Crassula, enezinhlobonhlobo zazo ezingavamile zomumo nemibala, ingenye yemindeni emnandi eguquguqukayo futhi enakekela kalula. Zengeza ubuhle nesakhiwo kunoma iyiphi indawo, zilungele kokubili abaqalayo nabaqoqi, futhi zinikeza ukwaneliseka ukuzibuka zikhula futhi ziqhakaza. Ngokuqonda ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo nokuthuthukisiwe okuchazwe lapha, ungajabulela izibonelo eziqinile nezinempilo, ujabulele ukukhanga okungenakuqhathaniswa kwalawa ma-succulents athakazelisayo ekhaya lakho noma engadini.
