Umhlahlandlela ophelele wezinkinga nezixazululo ze-bromeliads: ukunakekelwa, ukuvimbela, nokwelashwa

I-Bromeliad, ngokukhanga kwayo okungavamile nokuqina, iyisitshalo esiyintandokazi sasezindaweni ezishisayo kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ugcine lezi zitshalo zibukeka zinempilo futhi zinempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokugcwele izici zazo. Ukunakekelwa, izinkinga ezivamile, kanye nezixazululo ezingcono kakhuluNgezansi, sethula umhlahlandlela owandisiwe nobuyekeziwe osuselwe kokuhlangenwe nakho nezincomo zabalimi abangochwepheshe kanye nemibuzo evame kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi be-bromeliad.

Ukunakekelwa okubalulekile kwe-bromeliad

Isuka ezindaweni ezishisayo, I-Bromeliad igqamile ngokuguquguquka kwayo okumangalisayo, ikakhulukazi ezindlini lapho zinganikeza khona umbala wonyaka wonke. Kodwa ukuze uzigcine zisesimweni esikahle ngaphandle kwendawo yazo yemvelo, kubalulekile ukuphindaphinda okuthile izimo futhi zazi izidingo zazo ezithile zokukhanya, amanzi, umswakama, i-substrate kanye nezinga lokushisaUma ufuna ukufunda kabanzi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwabo okuqondile, sincoma ukuthi uxhumane nomhlahlandlela wethu onemininingwane ku ukunakekelwa kwe-bromeliad.

indawo nokukhanya

Indawo ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile impilo ye-bromeliads. Lezi zitshalo zidinga ukukhanya okuningi kwemvelo, kodwa njalo zihlungiwe noma zingaqondile. Ukuwabeka elangeni eliqondile, ikakhulukazi phakathi nosuku, kungabangela ukusha kwamaqabunga kakhulu. Ukuze ufunde ngezinhlobo ezahlukene nezidingo zazo ezithile, ungavakashela izinhlobo ze-bromeliads.

• Beka ibhodwe eduze kwefasitela elikhanyayo, okungcono ngamakhethini akhanyayo.
• Gwema ukuzibeka eduze kwemithombo yokushisa njengama-radiator, izitofu noma ama-air conditioner, njengoba kunjalo Umoya owomile kanye nokushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa kungenza buthaka..
• Zungezisa isitshalo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uqinisekise ukukhula futhi uvimbele amaqabunga ukuthi ancike ohlangothini olulodwa.

Izinga lokushisa elizungezile kanye nomswakama

Ibanga elifanele lokutshala ngempumelelo kwe-bromeliads phakathi kuka-18 °C no-24 °CLawa magugu abahlinzeka ngezimo ezifanayo nalezo zemvelaphi yabo. Gwema okusalungiswa okubandayo kanye noshintsho oluzumayo endaweni ezungezile. Futhi, uma ungathanda ukwandisa ulwazi lwakho lokuthi ungazixazulula kanjani izinkinga ezihlobene nokunakekelwa kwe-bromeliad, siphakamisa ukuthi ubuyekeze ukunakekelwa kwe-bromeliad.

Mayelana nomswakama wemvelo, I-Bromeliads ithokozela indawo enomswakama, okungcono cishe ama-60%.Uma umoya ekhaya lakho womile, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokwandisa umswakama:

• Beka isitsha esinamanzi eduze kwesitshalo.
• Sebenzisa amathreyi anamatshe namanzi, uqiniseke ukuthi ibhodwe alicwiliki ngokuqondile.
• Sebenzisa ama-humidifiers uma isimo sezulu sikudinga.

Ukunisela okulungile kanye ne-substrate efanele

I-Bromeliads, nakuba isendaweni eshisayo, Bakhetha ama-substrates avulekile ane-drainage enhle kakhuluI-substrate ehlanganisiwe noma amanzi amaningi angabangela ukubola. Nawa amathiphu okunisela ngendlela efanele:

• I-substrate kufanele ibe manzi kancane, kodwa ingalokothi ifakwe emanzini.
• Ukunisela kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ku-rosette emaphakathi yesitshalo. Yigcwalise ngamanzi futhi uyivuselele njalo ukuze uvimbele ukugcwala kwamanzi kanye nokukhula kwesikhunta.
• Endabeni ye-epiphytic bromeliads, kunconywa ukufafaza amanzi ezimpandeni namaqabunga awo esikhundleni sokunisela i-substrate.
• Sebenzisa amanzi ahlungiwe, acwecwe, noma emvula; i-chlorine ne-fluoride ingalimaza isitshalo futhi ibangele amabala amaqabunga. Uma ungathanda ukufunda okwengeziwe mayelana nokuxazulula izinkinga zezinambuzane nezifo, vakashela izitshalo zamakamelo amancane.
• Imvamisa incike ezingeni lokushisa kanye nomswakama: kanye noma kabili ngeviki ngokuvamile kwanele.

Izimbiza kanye nokutshala

Izinto zebhodwe zithinta ukugcinwa komswakama. Izimbiza zepulasitiki zigcina amanzi engeziwe, ilungele ezindaweni ezomile. Ezindaweni ezinomswakama, kungcono ukukhetha izimbiza zobumba ezinezimbotshana okuvumela umswakama owedlulele ukuba uhwamuke. Imigodi yokukhipha amanzi ibalulekile. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuvimbela izinkinga ezivamile kuma-bromeliads, ungabonisana ukukhula kwe-bromeliads ngaphandle.

Ukuze wenze kabusha, sebenzisa izingxube ezithile ze-bromeliad noma inhlanganisela yamagxolo kaphayini, i-peat, ne-perlite. Ungalokothi usebenzise inhlabathi evamile yasengadini ngoba iminyene futhi ingaminyanisa izimpande..

Izinkinga ezivamile ku-bromeliads nezixazululo zazo

Naphezu kokuqina kwawo, ama-bromeliad angabhekana izifo, izinambuzane kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuphila uma izimo zingezinhle. Ukuthola nokwelapha lezi zinkinga, kubalulekile ukwazi izimbangela ezivame kakhulu nezisombululo. Uma ufuna ukujula, tillandsias kanye bromeliads ezifanayo ungathola ulwazi oluwusizo.

Amaqabunga aluhlaza naphuzi

El okuphuzi futhi ukuwohloka kungavela ngezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Ukunisela ngokweqile: Amanzi amaningi abangela ukuminya nokubola kwezimpande. Vumela i-substrate yome ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokunisela futhi.
• Ukuntuleka kwamanzi noma umoya owomile: Uma isitshalo sibuna futhi amathiphu omile, kungase kudinge umswakama owengeziwe.
• Amaqabunga aphuzi aphansi: Ziyingxenye yomjikelezo wemvelo; zisuse ngobumnene uma isitshalo sinempilo.

Amabala ansundu kanye nokuba mnyama kwamaqabunga

I-Las Amachashaza ansundu owomile ngokuvamile abonisa ukushiswa yilangaHambisa isitshalo endaweni enokukhanya okuhlungiwe. Uma amabala anomswakama futhi esabalele, angaba yisikhunta: sebenzisa isibulali sikhunta esithile futhi uthuthukise umoya. Ukusebenzisa amanzi kampompi ane-chlorinated nakho kungangcolisa amaqabunga: sebenzisa amanzi ahlungiwe noma emvula uma kunokwenzeka.

Ukubola kwezimpande noma isisekelo

La ukubola komqhele noma impande Ingenye yezinkinga ezimbi kakhulu. Izimpawu zihlanganisa:

• Indawo emaphakathi ithambile, insundu futhi inephunga elibi.
• Izimpande ezimnyama noma ezinamathelayo.

Ikhambi ukukhipha isitshalo ku-substrate, kuqedwe izingxenye ezithintekile bese ufaka kuphela izicubu ezinempilo emhlabathini omusha. Qinisekisa ukuthi isitsha sidonsa kahle.

Ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane nezinambuzane

I-Bromeliads ingathinteka ama-aphid, ama-mealybug, izibungu nezicabucabu ezibomvuIzimpawu zihlanganisa amachashaza, ama-webbing amahle, namahlamvu anamathelayo noma akhubazekile. Ukuze ulwe nabo:

• Hlanza amaqabunga ngebhola likakotini elifakwe utshwala noma insipho ye-potassium.
• Gcoba uwoyela we-neem uma ukuhlasela kubanzi.
• Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, sebenzisa ama-insecticide athile e-bromeliads, njalo uhloniphe umthamo kanye nemiyalelo yokusetshenziswa.

Ukuntuleka kwezimbali

Ama-bromeliads Ziqhakaza kanye kuphela empilweni yazo, ngokuvamile lapho eneminyaka emibili noma emithathu ubudala. Uma isifanekiso sakho singaqhakazi:

• Qiniseka ukuthi ithola ukukhanya okwanele, kodwa ungalokothi uqondise ukukhanya.
• Gwema umanyolo oweqile; olinganiselayo kanye ngenyanga entwasahlobo nasehlobo kwanele.
• Ngemva kokuqhakaza, isitshalo sikamama siyafa kodwa sishiya ama-suckers noma "imidlwane" phansi. Zishiye eduze kwesitshalo sikamama zize zibe zinkulu ngokwanele ukuba zikwazi ukuzimela.
• Umjikelezo we-bromeliad uhlanganisa isikhathi sokuqhakaza okuphezulu kanye nokukhula okulandelayo kwenzalo, okuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwesitshalo ekhaya lakho.

Amaqabunga abunile, axhugayo, noma ashona phansi

Ukulahlekelwa kwe-turgor kungase kube ngenxa:

• Ukuntuleka kwamanzi: Khulisa ukuchelela ngokulingene, ngaphandle kwezikhukhula.
• Ibhodwe lincane kakhulu: Shintshela esitsheni esikhulu kancane.
• Izinkinga zezimpande noma zomoya owomile: Hlola ukubola futhi wandise umswakama ngokusebenzisa amathreyi noma ngokufafaza amanzi eduze kwesitshalo.

Ukuhlanzeka kwamaqabunga kanye nempilo

Ukunqwabelana kothuli noma i-calcareous deposit emaqabunga kuthinta i-photosynthesis. Hlanza amaqabunga masonto onke ngendwangu emanzi kanye namanzi acwecwe. ukuvimbela amamaki futhi uwagcine egqamile futhi enempilo. Ukuze uthole amathiphu amaningi okunakekelwa kwe-bromeliad nokuxazulula izinkinga, hlola ubuhle bezitshalo zasezindaweni ezishisayo.

I-Bromeliads emazingeni okushisa aphansi

Ngaphandle, ama-bromeliads angakwazi ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi kafushane, kodwa ungalokothi uwachaye esithwathweni noma amaconsi abukhali. Ebusika:

• Zivikele ngokuzemboza ngengubo yokulala eshisayo.
• Zifake endlini uma isibikezelo sezulu sibiza amakhaza amakhulu.
• Qaphela umswakama we-substrate, njengoba isimo sezulu esibandayo singanciphisa ukugeleza kwamanzi.

Amathiphu ajwayelekile okuthuthukisa kahle

• Hlola izitshalo okungenani njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili ukubona izinambuzane noma izimpawu zesifo kusenesikhathi.
• Yenza ukunakekelwa kwakho kuhambisane nohlobo oluqondile lwe-bromeliad, njengoba kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2.800 ezibhalisiwe, futhi ezimbalwa zinezidingo ezithile. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, vakashela Zingaki izinhlobo ze-bromeliad ezikhona?.
• Gwema izinguquko ezingazelelwe endaweni kanye nezimo zemvelo.
• Ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa amathuluzi ahlanzekile nafakwe inzalo ukuthena noma ukususa amaqabunga omisiwe nezimbali.

Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngokuya ngohlobo nendawo

Ama-bromeliads angaphakathi

• Bakhetha izindawo ezifudumele nezikhanyiswe ngokungaqondile. Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi ungazigwema kanjani izinkinga ngezitshalo zasendlini, hlola izitshalo zasendlini eziqhakaza unyaka wonke.
• Ivimbela ukunqwabelana kwamanzi esitsheni futhi njalo ukhiphe isoso eliningi ngaphansi kwebhodwe.
• Ezindaweni ezomile, sebenzisa amathreyi amatshe amanzi, ama-humidifiers, noma inkungu evamile ukuze ugcine umswakama ofanele.

Ama-bromeliads angaphandle

• Zibeke emthunzini omncane, ungalokothi ube ngaphansi kwelanga elishubile emini.
• Ezimweni ezipholile ezingenayo ingozi yesithwathwa, zingakhula kahle engadini, okungcono kakhulu ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Ukuze ufunde ukuhlobisa izikhala ngazo, hlola Indlela yokuhlobisa i-terrarium ngezitshalo.
• Ezifundeni ezibandayo, tshala ama-bromeliad ezimbizeni bese uwangcwaba kancane. Ngale ndlela, ungaziletha endlini uma izinga lokushisa lehla.

Uma uthanda ama-bromeliad futhi ufuna ukuthi ahlale enempilo futhi ekhangayo, thatha isikhathi sokuwagcina: Ukuvimbela kanye nokutholwa kusenesikhathi kwezinkinga kuyisiqinisekiso esingcono kakhulu sempumeleloKhumbula ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lungase lube nama-nuances alo kanye nezidingo ezithile, ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukucwaninga izidingo ezithile zezinhlobonhlobo onazo ekhaya.