Utshani buyisisetshenziswa esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ubuhle nokusebenza kwanoma iyiphi indawo yangaphandle, kungaba ingadi, ivulandi, noma indawo yomphakathi. Phakathi kwezinketho ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo, Utshani be-Kikuyu ngokuya igqama izici zayo ezingavamile, ikakhulukazi ku Isimo sezulu esishisayo nesomileKodwa kungani ukhetha utshani beKikuyu kunezinye izinhlobo? Nawu umhlahlandlela ophelele, ngaphezu kokunikeza lonke ulwazi olubalulekile, ohlanganisa imininingwane ethuthukisiwe nesebenzayo ethathwe ezinsizeni ezinedumela elihle embonini ukukusiza wenze isinqumo esingcono kakhulu.
Buyini utshani be-Kikuyu futhi yiziphi izici zabo?
El Utshani be-Kikuyu, ogama lakhe lesayensi ngu I-Pennisetum clandestinum, a utshani obungapheli obudabuka eMpumalanga AfrikaIgama layo livela esizweni samaKikuyu esihlala kuleso sifunda. Lolu hlobo lujwayelene ngokugcwele nezimo zezulu ezifudumele nezinomswakama, okwenza lulungele izingadi ezindaweni ezinehlobo elishubile noma eduze nolwandle.
Kubonakala nge:
- Amaqabunga aminyene, aluhlaza ngokukhanyayo: Amaqabunga awo athi aminyene futhi anoboya obuncane amboza ngokushesha umhlabathi, ahlinzeke ngokuhlanganisa okufanayo nobuhle.
- Isistimu yezimpande ezijulile: Lokhu kuyinikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kwayo isomiso futhi ivumela ukuthi ibuyise umbala namandla ngisho nangemva kwezikhathi zokushoda kwamanzi.
- Ukusakazeka kwama-rhizomes nama-stolons: Ibonisa ukukhula okusheshayo nokunolaka, isakazeka kalula futhi ihlanganisa yonke indawo ngesikhathi esifushane.
- Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo: Ivumelana kahle nenhlabathi evundile, enesihlabathi, noma ngisho nekhwalithi ephansi futhi iyabekezelela usawoti, okwenza ifanelekele izingadi zasogwini.
Lobu tshani bungena i-latency Uma amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphansi kuka-4°C noma ku-5°C, iphenduka ibe phuzi futhi iyeke ukukhula. Lapho intwasahlobo ifika futhi amazinga okushisa efudumele, iphenduka ibe luhlaza ngokushesha.
Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Ze-Kikuyu Grass
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani Kikuyu Ikhuphukele phezulu ohlwini lotshani obudume kakhulu. Lapha sichaza izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko ngolwazi olwandisiwe nezincomo ezintsha:
- Ukumelana nokushisa nesomiso: Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo kanye nesistimu yezimpande, iyabekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nezikhathi ezinde zesomiso, okunciphisa isidingo sokunisela njalo futhi kwenze kube indawo ekahle ezindaweni ezinomkhawulo wamanzi.
- Ukululama ngokushesha emonakalweni: Ezindaweni zomphakathi, amapaki, izingadi, nezindawo ezinabantu abaningi, imelana nokunyathelwa futhi ilulama ngokushesha, igcina ukubukeka kwayo okuminyene nokunempilo.
- Ukukhula okusheshisiwe nokufakwa okuphelele: Ukusakazeka kwayo ngama-stolons nama-rhizomes kuyivumela ukuthi yakheke ukumbozwa okuminyene, ukuvimbela ukwanda kokhula nokonga isikhathi nomzamo ekunakekeleni.
- Ukunakekelwa okuphansi: Uma ususunguliwe, ngokuvamile udinga ukunakekelwa okuncane kunezinye izinhlobo zotshani, odinga ukuchelela kancane nokuvundiswa. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, ezikhanyiswe kahle, ingakhula ngokufaka okuncane.
- Ivumelana nezimo ezahlukahlukene: Ingakhula kahle enhlabathini enezinga eliphansi ngisho namanzi anosawoti noma amanzi okunisela asezingeni eliphansi, yingakho ijwayeleke ezindaweni eziseduze nolwandle.
- Ukubekezelela usawoti: Iwusizo ngokukhethekile ezingadini ezisogwini lapho ezinye izitshani zingaphumeleli ngenxa yosawoti omningi ku-substrate noma ukuchelela.
- Ingozi ephansi yezifo nezinambuzane: Inokumelana okuphezulu kwemvelo futhi inciphisa isidingo samakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa kwe-phytosanitary.
Le nhlanganisela yezinzuzo yenza i-Kikuyu ibe inketho ekahle kulabo abafuna ingadi eluhlaza, ekwazi ukuqina, futhi enganakekelwa kancane, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu saseMedithera, esishisayo, noma esisogwini.
Okunye ukungalungi kanye nezici okufanele zicatshangelwe
Akuyona yonke into engenaphutha, futhi i-Kikuyu nayo inezihibe ezithile okufanele uzicabangele ngaphambi kokuyifaka:
- Ukubekezelela okuphansi emakhazeni: Ezifundeni lapho amazinga okushisa evamise ukwehla ngaphansi kuka-5°C, amaKikuyu ayangena i-latencyUkubukeka kwayo okuphuzi kubangela ukukhula okuqinile, okuyenza ingafaneleki indawo ebandayo epholile noma izindawo ezineqhwa elivamile.
- Umlingiswa ohlaselayo: Ukusabalala kwayo ngokushesha kungenza kanjalo ungenayo, ekugcineni ikoloni izindawo ezingafunwa futhi ikhiphe ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Kubalulekile ukufaka imingcele noma imingcele ukuze uyilawule.
- Isidingo sokusika okujwayelekile: Nakuba ukugcinwa kwayo ngokunisela nokuvundiswa kuphansi, ukukhula kwayo ngokushesha kudinga ukusikwa njalo ukuze kugwenywe ukubukeka okungcolile noma ukwakheka komcamelo wemifino (ngotshani), okungenza kube nzima ukuthi umoya, amanzi nezakhamzimba zingene emhlabathini.
- Ukuthungwa kweqabunga eliwugqinsi: I-Kikuyu akubona utshani obuthambile kakhulu ekuthinteni, obungase bukhululeke kancane emisebenzini ethile noma kulabo abakhetha i-turf ecolekile.
- Ukuzwela ku-shading: Kudinga amahora amaningi okukhanya kwelanga ukuze kugcinwe amandla nombala walo oshubile. Ezindaweni ezinomthunzi, iba buthaka futhi ingase ibe phuzi.
- Izindleko zokuqala zembewu: Imbewu ye-Kikuyu ivamise ukubiza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo, nakuba lokhu kulungiswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngezindleko zazo eziphansi zokunakekela.
Kuphi futhi nini ukutshala utshani be-Kikuyu?
El I-Pennisetum clandestinum Kungcono itshalwe ezindaweni ezifudumele, njengalezo ezisogwini lwaseMedithera, eziqhingini nasezindaweni ezimaphakathi nezwe ezinobusika obupholile. Idume kakhulu emachibini okubhukuda, emapaki, nasezingadini zomphakathi nezizimele ezindaweni ezinemisebe yelanga ephezulu kanye nemvula encane.
Isikhathi sokutshala: Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sisekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lihlala lingaphezu kuka-15°C futhi lifinyelela cishe ku-21°C. Gwema ukutshala ngezikhathi ezibandayo noma ukushisa okukhulu, njengoba lokhu kuzobambezela ukukhula kokuqala.
Izinga lokuhlwanyela: Kunconywa ukuthi uhlakaze phakathi kwe-10 ne-12 amagremu wembewu ngemitha yesikwele. Kungenzeka futhi ukusungula utshani usebenzisa izicucu noma izingcezu ze-rhizome ukuze uhlanganise ngokushesha.
Ukulungiswa kwendawo: Ngaphambi kokutshala, susa lonke ukhula, faka umoya emhlabathini, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi isezingeni. Emhlabathini oyisihlabathi noma ompofu, cebisa ngomquba noma umanyolo ophilayo ukuze ukhuthaze ukumila kwezimpande.
Izinyathelo zokuhlwanyela nokusungula utshani beKikuyu
- Faka imingcele: Beka umkhawulo wendawo yokutshala ukuze uvimbele ukwanda okungalawuleki kotshani.
- Lungiselela umhlabathi: Hlanza, izinga futhi uthuthukise i-substrate uma kunesidingo.
- Ukuhlwanyela: Sabalalisa imbewu ngokulinganayo.
- Amanzi: Emasontweni ambalwa okuqala, gcina umswakama ongashintshi kuze kube utshani bumila.
- Ukusika kokuqala: Uma ifinyelela cishe ku-8-12 cm ukuphakama, yenza ukusika kokuqala futhi, kusukela lapho kuya phambili, lawula imvamisa ngokwezinga lokukhula.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa kotshani be-Kikuyu
UkuniselaUma isimisiwe, i-Kikuyu idinga ukuchelela okujulile, okuhlukanisiwe, kanye noma kabili ngeviki, okwandisa imvamisa kuphela ngezikhathi zesomiso esibi kakhulu. Ukunisela ngokweqile kungakhuthaza izifo zesikhunta, ngakho-ke kungcono ukunisela ujule futhi uvumele indawo yomile phakathi kokunisela.
CorteKunconywa ukugcina ubude obuphakathi kuka-5 no-8 cm. Ukugunda njalo kuvimbela ukukhwelana futhi kugcina utshani bunempilo. Gwema ukusika phansi kakhulu, ngoba lokhu kunganciphisa isitshalo futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kokhula.
UmanyoloNakuba ibekezelela inhlabathi empofu, ukufaka umanyolo we-nitrogen ngonyaka owodwa noma emibili (okungcono ukukhululwa kancane) kuzosiza ukugcina umbala wayo namandla phakathi nenkathi yokukhula. Ukwengeza ama-micronutrients kungathuthukisa umbala nokuqina.
I-scarification kanye ne-aeration: Njengoba ijwayele ukwenza izendlalelo zikamatilasi (ngotshani), kubalulekile ukwenza ukuncipha ngezikhathi ezithile (okungenani kabili ngonyaka) nokufaka umoya emhlabathini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungena kahle kwamanzi nemisoco.
Ukulawula ukhula: Ngenxa yokuthi iminyene, ikhawulela ukukhula kokhula, kodwa kuhle ukuhlola umhlabathi njalo futhi ukhiphe ngesandla noma yiziphi izihlaseli, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni.
Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane nezifo: Kunconywa ukuqapha ngezikhathi ezithile utshani ngokubonakala kwezinambuzane ezingavamile noma izifo, nakuba ukumelana kwayo kwemvelo kuphezulu.
Ukuqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo zotshani
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi amaKikuyu aqhathaniseka kanjani nezinye izinketho ezifana neBermuda (I-Cynodon dactylon) noma i-Cebadilla:
| CaracterÃstica | Kikuyu | Bermuda | Ibhali |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ukumelana nesomiso | Alta | Alta | Media |
| Ukunyathela ukubekezelelana | Alta | Alta | Media |
| Ukumelana Cold | Baja | Baja | Alta |
| Isondlo | Okuphansi | izindlela | izindlela |
| Izindleko | high | izindlela | Okuphansi |
Ngakho-ke i-Kikuyu iyisinqumo esikhethwayo kulabo ababeka phambili ukuqina nokugcinwa okuphansi ezimweni ezifudumele, nakuba ibhali ingase ibe ngcono ezindaweni ezibandayo futhi iBermuda nayo ifaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni ezomile.
Izinhlobo zotshani be-Kikuyu
Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezithuthukisiwe emakethe, njenge Whittet, Kenda o Village Green Kikuyu (isetshenziswa kakhulu e-Australia ngombala wayo nokuqina kwasebusika). Ezinye ziyakwazi ukumelana nezifo, zinamaqabunga amancane, noma zibonisa ama-spikes ambalwa, ezivumelana nezintandokazi nezidingo ezahlukene.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana notshani be-Kikuyu
- Ingabe ilungele isimo sami sezulu? Kuphela uma izinga lokushisa lingavamile ukwehla ngaphansi kuka-4°C-5°C futhi kukhona ukuchayeka elangeni okwanele.
- Ukwanda kwawo kulawulwa kanjani? Faka imingcele ebonakalayo futhi wenze ukusikeka okujwayelekile ukuze uyigcine ingaphakathi kwemingcele oyifunayo.
- Kungani liphenduka libe phuzi? I-yellowing ngokuvamile ibangelwa isimo sezulu esibandayo, ukuchelela okunganele noma umthunzi oweqile, kodwa ibuyisela umbala wayo ngokufika kwesimo sezulu esishisayo nezinsuku ezinde.
- Yini okufanele uyenze uma inhlabathi impofu? Faka umquba noma umanyolo ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokutshala bese uphinda ukufaka njalo ngonyaka enhlabathini enesihlabathi noma evunde kakhulu.
- Ingabe idinga ukufakwa kabusha? Ngenxa yokukhula kwayo okuminyene nokuqina, ukuphinda kufakwe kabusha akudingekile.
- Ingabe ingahlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane? Ukuze kufihlwe ukulala ebusika, kwesinye isikhathi ihlanganiswa ne-English ryegrass, kodwa uma kubhekwa ukukhula okunolaka kwe-Kikuyu, ekugcineni izosusa noma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane.
- Kubiza malini? Ivamise ukubiza kakhulu kunezinye izimbewu, kodwa ukutshalwa kwezimali kuxazululwa ukuqina kwayo kanye nezindleko eziphansi ezilandelanayo zamanzi, umanyolo, nokwelapha.
Uma ufuna utshani obuluhlaza, obuluhlaza, obuqinile obukwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, budinga ukuchelelwa kancane, futhi budinga ukulungiswa okuncane, utshani be-Kikuyu buyikhethelo elingenakunqotshwa izingadi, amapaki, nezindawo zomphakathi ezimweni ezifudumele. Vele uqaphe ukukhula kwayo futhi ukhumbule ukuthi ilahlekelwa umbala ngezikhathi ezibandayo, kodwa izobuyela enkazimulweni yayo yangaphambili ngokushesha nje lapho isimo sezulu esifudumele sifika namazinga okushisa akhuphuka.
