Uma unentshisekelo yokwazi konke mayelana namakhowe I-Cantharellus cibarius, edume ngokuthi i-chanterelle, i-chanterelle, noma i-anacate, uze endaweni efanele. Lelikhowe lasendle lingelinye elaziswa kakhulu futhi elaziwa emhlabeni wonke, ngabaqoqi kanye nabathandi bokudla. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kwezindlela zokupheka, i-morphology yayo eyingqayizivele, kanye nezakhiwo zayo zokudla okunomsoco kukwenze kwaba yigugu langempela le-mycological. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokujulile izici zayo, indawo yokuhlala, ukuhlonza, ukudideka okungenzeka, izakhiwo, kanye nazo zonke izihluthulelo zokuqoqa, ukuhlanza, ukulondoloza, kanye nokuthola okuningi kukho ku-Spanish cuisine.
Iyini i-Cantharellus cibarius mushroom futhi yiziphi amagama ayo avamile?
La I-Cantharellus cibarius Iwuhlobo lwesikhunta se-mycorrhizal basidiomycete somndeni wakwaCantharellaceae. Yaziwa eSpain ngamanye amagama anjengokuthi i-chanterelle, i-chanterelle, Rossinyol (isiCatalan), i-cabrilla, Saint Elizabeth, amakhowe e-beech, Ikhowe lika-St, ukheshi (kwezinye izifunda zaseLatin America), namagama angaphezu kweshumi nambili ngesi-Basque (njenge zizahori o khuluma). NgesiNgisi yaziwa ngokuthi I-Chanterelle, ngesiFulentshi njenge Girole futhi ngesiNtaliyane njengaye I-Finferli.
Igama layo lesayensi, UChanterelle, lisuselwa olimini lwesiLatini i-cantharus, okusho inkomishi, kubhekiselwa kumumo wefaneli ojwayelekile wekepisi layo lapho ifinyelela ekuvuthweni.
Izici ze-morphological nezihlukile ze-chanterelle
- Isigqoko: Ubukhulu bayo buyahlukahluka, futhi bungadlula u-12 cm ububanzi kuma-specimens wabadala. Inomumo oyi-convex ekuqaleni, yenza isicaba futhi ithola umumo wefaneli onemiphetho egobekile futhi enamagagasi njengoba ikhula. I-cuticle yayo yomile, iyahlukaniswa futhi inophawu umbala ophuzi ojulile, nakuba ingase iveze imibala emhlophe, esagolide noma esawolintshi, kuye ngomhlaba kanye nezitshalo ezizungezile.
- Amashidi: Eqinisweni, ayinazo izindwani futhi esikhundleni salokho ikhombisa ukugoqa okuwugqinsi, okugoqekayo, okufana nombala wekepisi, owehla eduze kwesiqu futhi angaqondakali.
- Pie: Okuqinile, kufushane, akunandandatho, kuncane esisekelweni futhi kunwebeka phezulu. Okuphuzi ukuya kokumhlophe ngombala kanye nokuthungwa okuqinile.
- I-Carne: Okuwugqinsi, okusafibrous nokumhlophe okunamathoni aphuzi endaweni ezungezile. Igqame ngakho iphunga elimnandi, elifana nebhilikosi noma ipentshisi, kanye a i-flavour emnene, emnandi futhi enezinongo kancane.
Isici esifanelekile ukuthi inyama yayo imelana kakhulu nezibungu nezinambuzane, okwenza kube lula ukuvuna esimweni esiphelele.
Ezinye izinhlobo ezifanayo kanye namathuba okudideka
El i-chanterelle Kulula kakhulu ukuhlonza ngenxa yokugoqa kwayo okungashintshi kanye nokungaguquguquki okuqinile, kodwa ukudideka kungase kuvele ngokuthi:
- IHygrophoropsis aurantiaca (i-chanterelle yamanga): Ikhowe elinombala osawolintshi elitholakala emahlathini kaphayini. Nakuba ukubukeka kwayo kufana, ama-gill ayo ayiqiniso (awagoqiwe) futhi ahlanganiswe kakhulu.
- Omphalotus olearius (ikhowe lomnqumo): Linobuthi, likhula ezihlahleni zomnqumo kuphela, linombala onsundu ngokusawolintshi futhi linamagatsha aqinile, kanye nephunga elingemnandi elihluke kakhulu ephunga elimnandi le-chanterelle.
- Ezinye izinhlobo: Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze UChanterelle, njenge C. subpruinosus, C. pallens o C. cibarius var. i-salmoneus, phakathi kokunye, zonke ziyadliwa futhi ziyaziswa.
Indawo yokuhlala, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nezimo zokukhula ezifanele
El I-Cantharellus cibarius Isakazwa kabanzi ezindaweni ezipholile eYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, e-Asia nase-Afrika, futhi itholakala kuyo yonke ingxenye enkulu yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia. Igcwele kakhulu emahlathini alandelayo:
- Ama-Chestnuts, Robles, izihlahla ze-beech, ama-oki e-holm kanye nama-oki.
- Ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa ne inhlabathi ene-asidi ne-siliceous (pH ngaphansi kuka-5,5), kumatshe esihlabathi, ama-granite nama-quartzite.
- Ibuye ibonakale lapho kukhona ama-rockroses, ama-ferns futhi, kancane, ama-conifers afana namaphayini kuye ngokuthi isifunda.
Lesi sikhunta se-mycorrhizal sihlotshaniswa nezimpande zezinhlobo zezihlahla ukuze kutholwe imisoco. Ithanda ama-substrates acebile izinto eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi lapho kugcwele khona udoti wamaqabunga nezinkuni ezibolayo. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okujulile kwezimo ezikhulayo, ungaphinda uthintane indlela yokulondoloza amakhowe.
La umswakama Lokhu kuyisici esiyinhloko ekutheleleni kwabo. Zivela ngobuningi ngemva kwezimvula ezinkulu; nokho, uma seziphumile, zimelana nesomiso kahle futhi zihlala zintsha izinsuku ezimbalwa, ngisho nalapho kushisa. Zivame ukukhula ngamaqembu, futhi uma uthola indawo ekhiqizayo, ngokuvamile zithela izithelo endaweni efanayo iminyaka elandelanayo.
Umjikelezo wokuvuna kanye nenkathi
La inkathi ye-chanterelle Ngokuvamile iqala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kuye ngemvula ngalezo zinyanga. Ukuvuna kuyaqhubeka ekwindla futhi, ezindaweni ezipholile, ezimanzi, kungadlulela ebusika. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana namakhowe adliwayo, ungavakashela Izinhlobo zamakhowe adliwayo eSpain.
Ukuvuna ngendlela eqhubekayo kubalulekile: sebenzisa ubhasikidi owenziwe ngentambo esikhundleni sezikhwama zepulasitiki, ungakhiphi i-mycelium, bese ukhetha ama-specimens athuthuke kahle kuphela, ushiye ezincane kakhulu ukuze zikhiqizelwe esikhathini esizayo.
Izincomo zokutshala nokunakekelwa
El ukulima kwasekhaya kweCantharellus cibarius Kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, njengoba kuncike ebuhlotsheni babo be-symbiotic nezihlahla. Kodwa-ke, emasimini nasezingadini ezinothile ngezinto eziphilayo, ezinenhlabathi ene-asidi kanye nomswakama ophezulu, zingakhula kahle uma zigonywe ngezinhlamvu kanye nezimo ezifanele zigcinwa. Mayelana nalokhu, kungase kube usizo ukubonisana Olunye ulwazi mayelana nokutshalwa kwe-chanterelle.
Ukubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo emhlabathini
Ama-Chanterelles adla izakhi ezivela kudoti wamaqabunga kanye nezinkuni ezibolayo. Inhlabathi eyakheke kahle, exegayo enothile ngemfucumfucu yezitshalo ibalulekile ekuthuthukeni kwazo okungokwemvelo nokuqhubekayo.
Izici zokudla okunomsoco kanye nezinzuzo zezempilo
- Ikhalori ephansi kanye nokuqukethwe kwamafutha: Inamafutha amancane kakhulu futhi iyindlela enhle kakhulu yokudla okulinganiselayo.
- Umcebo kumaminerali: Iqukethe i-potassium, insimbi, ithusi, i-manganese ne-phosphorus.
- Amavithamini: Ikakhulukazi eqenjini B (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6 no-B9), uvithamini D no-C.
- Izici ze-antioxidant: Izinhlanganisela zayo ze-phenolic zisiza ukunciphisa ama-radicals mahhala, ukuvimbela ukuguga kwamaselula kanye nokwenza ngcono impilo yonke.
- Izinzuzo zesimiso sezinzwa: Amavithamini kuma-chanterelles ahilelekile ekuhlanganiseni kwe-serotonin, okuthonya kahle isimo sengqondo.
- I-immunostimulant kanye ne-anti-inflammatory effect: Iqukethe ama-polysaccharides nama-bioactive compounds asiza ukugcina amasosha omzimba esesimweni esihle.
Indlela yokuhlanza nokugcina amakhowe e-chanterelle?
Uma amakhowe e-chanterelle esevuniwe, kubalulekile ukuwahlanza nokuwagcina ngendlela efanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokudla nokugcina izinga lawo.
Izincomo zokuhlanza ezisebenzayo
Ukususa ukungcola nomhlabathi noma imfucumfucu yezitshalo:
- Ungagezi ngaphansi kukampompi, njengoba zizomunca amanzi futhi zilahlekelwe ukuthungwa. Kunalokho, sebenzisa a ibhulashi elithambile noma indwangu emanzi ukususa noma iyiphi inhlabathi esele.
- Uma kunesidingo, ungasebenzisa amanzi amancane, kodwa ugcine okungenani futhi uyomise kahle ngephepha elidonsayo.
- Lahla izibonelo ezonakaliswe kakhulu noma ezindala, nakuba kungavamile ukuthola ama-chanterelles agcwele izibungu.
Izinketho zokulondoloza
- EsiqandisiniUma zomile futhi zihlanzekile, zigcine esitsheni esivalekile (njengesitsha se-Tupperware) esinephepha elimunca kancane elivuleke. Zingagcinwa ngale ndlela izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuhambisana kwazo.
- Iphelelwe amanzi: Zingomiswa futhi zigcinwe ezitsheni ezingangeni moya. Lolu khetho luwusizo ekwenzeni i-chanterelle powder futhi uyisebenzise njengesinongo kusitshulu noma amasoso. Kuyindlela eshintsha kakhulu ukuthungwa. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, bheka.
- KufriziweAma-Chanterelles abekezelela iqhwa kahle, ikakhulukazi uma egcwele i-vacuum. Awadingi ukuncibilika ngaphambi kokupheka, okusiza ukugcina ukuthungwa kwawo kuqinile.
I-Cantharellus cibarius ku-Spanish cuisine: ukusetshenziswa, izindlela zokupheka, nokumatanisa
Amathuba we-gastronomic we- i-chanterelle Kunamathuba angapheli. Leli khowe lidlula zonke izitsha zendabuko nezanamuhla. Ingelinye lamakhowe asendle asetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke futhi, ngaphandle kokungabaza, adume kakhulu ekuphekeni kweSpanishi. Ukuze wandise ulwazi lwakho, vakashela.
- Izitshulu kanye nama-casseroles: Ingalungiswa ngenyama, izinkukhu nenhlanzi.
- Amaqanda aqoshiwe nama-omelets: I-flavour yayo emnandi kanye nephunga elimnandi lihlangana ngokuphelele namaqanda namakhambi anamakha (i-oregano, i-thyme, i-rosemary).
- I-sauté, eyosiwe noma egazingiwe: Agcina yonke ingqikithi yawo nokuthungwa, okuwenza angakwazi ukuvinjelwa ngamaconsi ambalwa kawoyela we-olive kanye nokuthintwa kukasawoti.
- amasoso okhilimu: Iphelele ukuhambisana ne-pasta, inyama noma inhlanzi.
- Ama-fritters, ama-gratins nama-pizza: Ihlanganisa ama-chanterelles agayiwe ukuze ungeze ukuthinta okuhlukile.
- Ama-dessert nama-liqueurs: I-flavour emnandi yama-chanterelles ize iwavumele ukuthi asetshenziswe ku-custards, ama-rice puddings, noma ukulungiswa kwama-liqueur ama-macerated. Ukuze uthole imibono eyengeziwe, vakashela amakhowe abiza kakhulu ungathola izinketho eziningi zokudlela.
Amathiphu okupheka ama-chanterelles
- Ukuba ikhowa le ukuthungwa okuqinile, kudinga isikhathi sokupheka esithe xaxa kunamanye amakhowe, kodwa akufanele kuphekwe kakhulu ukuze kuvinjwe ukuthi angalahlekelwa yisici sawo sokuthinta.
- Kunconywa ukuwapheka phezu kokushisa okuphansi ukuze kugcinwe iphunga kanye nokunambitheka kwawo.
- Ezinye izindlela zokupheka ezidumile zihlanganisa ama-chanterelles ano-anyanisi, ku-sauce kakhilimu, ezitsheni zelayisi, ezitsheni zewundlu noma zegeyimu, nakumakhilimu abushelelezi. Ukuze uthole izindlela zokupheka ezithile, ungase futhi uthintane kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezifanayo.
Iresiphi yendabuko: Amaqanda aphehliwe ngamakhowe e-chanterelle
Ukulungiselela amaqanda anokhilimu futhi amnandi aphehliwe ngama-chanterelles:
- Gcoba ama-clove ambalwa kagalikhi emafutheni omnqumo ngaphandle kokuwashisa.
- Engeza amakhowe e-chanterelle ahlanziwe futhi aqoshiwe. Gcoba cishe imizuzu engu-15 ngosawoti nezinongo (i-oregano, i-thyme, i-rosemary).
- Engeza amaqanda ashaywa ngosawoti omncane. Pheka emlilweni omncane kakhulu, ugovuze kuze kube yilapho ukhilimu oyifunayo ufinyelelwa.
Uma kukhethwa, ingahambisana namazambane athosiwe, i-ham, i-asparagus, noma ushizi, njalo inikeza ama-nuances amnandi futhi amangalisayo.
