Kungani imbali ye-Vriesea yoma? Izimbangela, izixazululo, nokunakekela ukugcina i-bromeliad yakho iphila.

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani imbali yakho ye-Vriesea yome ngokuzumayo? Lokhu kukhathazeka kuvamile kulabo abajabulela le bromeliad engavamile ekhaya, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni lapho isimo sezulu sikude nendawo yemvelo eshisayo yaseVriesea. Umbala wayo ogqamile kanye nama-spikes ahlukile kuyenza ibe ngesinye sezitshalo zokuhlobisa ezifiseleka kakhulu, kodwa futhi esinye sezimanga kakhulu uma kukhona okungahambi kahle.

Iqiniso le-Vriesea liyinkimbinkimbi kunokuba libonakala ekuqaleni. Nakuba abaningi bacabanga ukuthi isitshalo esihlala isikhathi esifushane, empeleni, ne ukunakekelwa okwanele nezimo, ingandisa isikhathi sokuba khona kwayo iminyaka eminingana futhi iqinisekise ukuthi amahlumela amasha aqhubeka nomjikelezo wawo wokuphila. Lapha sembula Kungani imbali yeVriesea yoma, izimbangela ezivame kakhulu, indlela yokugwema, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi iyaqhubeka iphila futhi yande ngemva kokuqhakaza.

Kungani imbali yeVriesea yoma?

I-Vriesea, njengama-bromeliads amaningi, iqhakaza kanye kuphela empilweni yayo bese kuthi isitshalo sikamama, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sife. Le nqubo ye-botanical yaziwa ngokuthi i-monocarpismI-spike yembali emangalisayo ehlobisa lesi sitshalo empeleni iwuphawu lokuthi isifika ekupheleni komjikelezo waso. Ngenkathi i-inflorescence ikhombisa umbala wayo (obomvu, owolintshi, obomvana, kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane), i-Vriesea itshala amandla ekukhiqizeni futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ekukhiqizeni amahlumela noma amahlumela phansi kwe-rosette.

La ukulandelana kwemvelo kwembali yeVriesea es:

• I-spike yembali iqala ngemibala eqinile, ngokuvamile ebomvu, ewolintshi, noma ebomvana, futhi ingahlala amasonto ambalwa noma ngisho nezinyanga.
• Ngemva kokuvuthwa kwempova nokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-bracts aqala ukuphaphatheka, abe luhlaza, futhi ekugcineni ome.
• Abancane izimbali zangempela (ophuzi, oshubhu futhi ongabonakali) avela kuma-axils ama-bracts futhi ngokuvamile ahlala usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili kuphela.
• Uma umjikelezo wayo wokuqhakaza usuphelile, i-rosette emaphakathi iba buthaka futhi ife, idedele amahlumela asemaceleni azoba izitshalo ezintsha.

Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi i-Vriesea yakho izophila phakade naleyo mbali enama-spiked, kufanele wazi ukuthi ukufa kwembali Iyingxenye yomjikelezo wemvelo wesitshalo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, le nqubo akufanele ibangele ukufa kwaso sonke isitshalo. Kodwa-ke, uma indawo ezungezile ingalungile, kokubili imbali nayo yonke i-rosette ingawohloka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Izinto ezisheshisa ukomiswa kwembali nesitshalo

• Izimo zezulu ezingafaneleI-Vriesea idabuka ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinamazinga okushisa azinzile, umswakama ophezulu, futhi azikho izinguquko ezingazelelwe ezingeni lokushisa. Ukuyichaya ezindaweni ezibandayo, ukushisa okuvela ekushiseni, ku-air conditioning, noma emazingeni okushisa aphansi kungabangela ukuthi izimbali namaqabunga ome ngokushesha.
• Umswakama omubi ophansiIndawo eyomile idala ukuthi izimbali namaqabunga alahlekelwe yi-turgor futhi ekugcineni ome. Amakamelo ome ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi ebusika, asheshisa le nqubo.
• I-substrate engalungile noma enamanziI-substrate engasebenzi kahle yenza kube lula ukubonakala kwesikhunta nokubola kwezimpande, okwenza isitshalo sibe buthaka futhi kusheshise ukwehla kwezimbali.
• Ukukhanya okunganele noma okweqileI-Vriesea ebekwe ekhoneni elimnyama izolahlekelwa umbala namandla, kuyilapho ukuchayeka elangeni okuqondile kungashisa kokubili amaqabunga nezimbali.
• Ukuchelela okungafaneleKokubili ukweqisa kanye nokuntuleka kwamanzi kulimaza ukukhula kwezitshalo. Inhliziyo ye-rosette kufanele igcinwe ngamanzi ahlanzekile (hhayi i-calcareous), futhi i-substrate kufanele ibe manzi kodwa ingabi namanzi.
• Ibhodwe elingenawo amanzi anele: Ukusebenzisa amabhodwe okuhlobisa angenazimbobo kukhuthaza umswakama onqwabelene futhi izimpande ziyafa ngenxa yokuphefumula, kusheshisa ukwehla kwesitshalo.
• Ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane noma izifo: Ukubonakala kwama-mealybugs, izibungu (njengesicabucabu esibomvu), ukhunta noma izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kungabangela ukubuna kanye nokoma kwembali.

Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, Imbali eyomisiwe yaseVriesea ngokuvamile ayiyona imbangela yokwesabaKuyinqubo evamile yebhayoloji, kodwa uma kwenzeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kakhulu, inkinga ngokuvamile iba yisici esisodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezingenhla.

Yini okufanele uyenze lapho imbali ye-Vriesea yomile?

1. Sika i-spike yembali eyomileUma ukuqhakaza sekuphelile futhi isikhonkwane somile ngokuphelele futhi asibukeki, sincoma ukusika i-inflorescence eduze nesisekelo ngethuluzi elihlanzekile, elingenamagciwane. Lokhu kusiza isitshalo sigweme ukuchitha amandla ekulondolozeni imbali efile futhi singagxila kumahlumela amasha noma imiqumbe.
2. Qaphela amasuckerNgemuva kokuqhakaza, isisekelo se-rosette sivame ukukhiqiza amahlumela. Lapho zifinyelela cishe ku-12-15 cm futhi zinezimpande zazo, zingahlukaniswa ngokucophelela futhi zitshalwe kabusha ukuze zelule impilo yesitshalo.
3. Gwema ukuphatha ngokweqile: Akudingekile ukubuyisela kabusha noma ukuhambisa isitshalo kulesi sigaba ngaphandle uma kuphakama inkinga esobala (ukugcwala kwamanzi, izinambuzane, njll.).

Izidingo zesimo sezulu nezemvelo zaseVriesea

Ukwazi izidingo zakuqala zeVriesea kubalulekile ukukhulisa impilo yayo futhi kukhuthaze ukuvela kwamahlumela amasha.

• izinga lokushisa eliphezulu: Ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-18 no-30°C. Azikubekezeleli amazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-13-15°C. Ezinye izinhlobo zingasinda emazingeni aphansi ka-10°C, kodwa ukwehla isikhathi eside kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Umswakama: Kufanele igcinwe ngaphezu kwama-60%. Ezindlini ezomile noma endaweni eyomile, kubalulekile ukufafaza amaqabunga ngamanzi ahlungiwe noma akhishwe amaminerali nsuku zonke futhi, uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa izinto zokuthambisa. Ukuze uthuthukise lezi zimo, ungafunda futhi Indlela yokoma izimbali nge-glycerin.
• Ukuvikelwa kokusalungiswaI-Vriesea ihlushwa amafeni, i-air conditioning, noma ukushisa okuqondile. Umoya obandayo noma oshisayo ubangela ukucindezeleka, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, nokubuna okusheshayo.
• Ukukhanya okuchichimayo kodwa okungaqondile: Incamela izikhala ezikhanyiswe kahle ezinamahora ambalwa okukhanya okuhlukanisiwe. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, ikakhulukazi phakathi namahora aphakeme kakhulu, kubangela ukushiswa yilanga.

Uma ekhaya lakho umswakama uphezulu ngokwemvelo (isibonelo, uma amafasitela akho egcwele inkungu ekuseni), akufanele ufafaze amaqabunga, njengoba umswakama owedlulele ungase ubangele ukubola. Kodwa uma ubona ukuthi umoya womile, ukufafaza nsuku zonke kubalulekile. Ukuze uhlobise izitshalo zakho nezinsiza, thola Indlela yokuhlanganisa izimbali ezomisiwe emhlotsheni wakho.

Umhlabathi nokufakelwa kabusha: Iyiphi i-substrate engcono kakhulu ye-Vriesea?

Esinye sezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokuwohloka kwe-Vriesea ukungonelanga kwe-substrate. Izimpande zale bromeliad zikhetha imidiya ekhanyayo, enomoya, futhi edonsa kahle. Ungalokothi usebenzise inhlabathi engadini esindayo noma ama-substrates enhloso yonke esezingeni eliphansi, njengoba lezi zithanda ukubumbana futhi zigcine umswakama omningi. Ungakwazi futhi ukubonisana Umehluko phakathi kwezimbali ezomisiwe nezigciniwe ukugcwalisa ukunakekela kwakho.

• Imiksi enconyiweSebenzisa ingxube ethile yama-orchid noma ama-bromeliad, ngokuvamile akhiwa i-peat, amagxolo kaphayini, i-perlite, ne-coconut fiber. Ngokuzikhethela, ungahlanganisa izingxenye ezilinganayo ze-peat emnyama ne-perlite. Kubalulekile ukuthi ingxube ivumele amanzi ukuthi aphume ngokuphelele emaminithini ambalwa.
• Gwema ama-substrates ane-limeI-Lime iyingozi ku-Vriesea, njengoba ivimbela ukumuncwa kwezakhi futhi ikhuthaza ukuvela kwamabala amhlophe kanye nezinkinga zamaqabunga.
• Vuselela i-substrate njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande zinendawo edingekayo kanye nezakhamzimba, futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezinambuzane ezithwala umhlabathi.

Uma utshala kabusha, yenza kanjalo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi kuphela uma isitshalo sidinga (isibonelo, uma ibhodwe selincane kakhulu noma i-substrate yonakalisiwe).

Ukubaluleka kwebhodwe nokukhipha amanzi

I-Vriesea kufanele itshalwe ezimbizeni ezinezimbobo esisekelweni, njengoba noma yikuphi ukunqwabelana kwamanzi kubangela ukuminza nokubola kwezimpande. Izimbiza zokuhlobisa ezingenazo izimbobo zingasetshenziswa njengezembozo zezitshalo, kodwa ungalokothi njengesitsha esikhulu. Uma usebenzisa isoso, qiniseka ukuthi ukhipha amanzi amaningi ngemva kokuchelela ngakunye.

Khumbula: kungcono ukwehluleka ukuchelela kunokudlula ngokweqile. Izimpande zeVriesea zikuhlomele kangcono ukumelana nesomiso esifushane kunokugcwala kwamanzi.

Ukunisela kanye nomswakama: amathiphu ayisisekelo

Ukunisela kwe-Vriesea kunemininingwane yayo:

• Gcwalisa ithangi lamanzi eliphakathi nendawo ("isitsha esincane" esakha i-rosette) ngamanzi ahlungiwe, emvula, noma akhishwe amaminerali. Thulula futhi uphinde ugcwalise amanzi njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu ukuze uvimbele ukunqwabelana kukasawoti nezinsalela, okungase kubangele ukubola noma iphunga elibi.
• Gcina i-substrate imanzi kodwa ingabi namanzi.Hlola umswakama ngokufaka induku kuze kufike phansi: uma iphuma yomile, sekuyisikhathi sokunisela; uma kunomswakama, linda izinsuku ezimbalwa.
• Lungisa imvamisa yokunisela ngokwesizini kanye nezinga lokushisaEzinyangeni ezifudumele, khulisa imvamisa; ebusika, amanzi kuphela lapho i-substrate yoma phezulu.
• Ungasebenzisi amanzi ane-calcareousUma amanzi ompompi endaweni yangakini eqinile, wabilise futhi uwayeke azinze, noma wengeze amaconsi ambalwa kaviniga. Khetha amanzi emvula uma kungenzeka.

Ezindaweni ezomile kakhulu (umswakama ophansi we-ambient), fafaza amaqabunga nsuku zonke ngamanzi akhishwe amaminerali ukuze kuvinjelwe amathiphu ansundu kanye nokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi. Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umswakama uphezulu, gwema ukuwenza abe manzi. Ungafunda futhi indlela ome isixha sezimbali ukugcina kahle izimbali zakho ezomisiwe.

Ukuthena, ukuhlanza nokunakekelwa okwengeziwe

• IzihlahlaAkudingekile ukuthena i-Vriesea. Kunconywa kuphela ukusika i-flower spike uma somile futhi ususe noma yimaphi amaqabunga e-basal omile ukuvimbela ukuqubuka kwezifo.
• UkuhlanzaUma ubona uthuli noma amabala, hlanza amaqabunga ngendwangu emanzi, ugweme ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali. Ukugcina isitshalo sihlanzekile kuvimbela izinambuzane ukuthi zingaveli.
• Gwema ukufaka umanyolo ngokweqileI-Vriesea ikhula kancane futhi ayidingi umanyolo omningi. Faka umanyolo owuketshezi wama-bromeliads noma izitshalo eziluhlaza njalo emavikini angama-4-6 entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kodwa ungalokothi uthele umanyolo ngqo endaweni emaphakathi, njengoba lokhu kungashisa amaqabunga futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kwe-algae.

Izinkinga ezivamile ze-Vriesea: amaqabunga ansundu, izinambuzane, nezifo

Ngaphezu kwembali eyomisiwe, ezinye izinto zingase zivele. izimpawu ezikhathazayo e-Vriesea:

• Amaqabunga anamathiphu ansundu: Lokhu ngokuvamile kuwuphawu lokuntuleka kwamanzi noma indawo eyomile ngokweqile. Qinisekisa ukuthi ugcine ichibi elimaphakathi ligcwele amanzi bese ufutha uma kunesidingo.
• Amaqabunga aguqukile noma amade: Akhombisa ukuntula ukukhanya. Beka isitshalo endaweni ekhanyayo kodwa ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile.
• Amahlamvu ashile: Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile ngokwedlulele. Hambisa i-Vriesea endaweni enokukhanya okuhlungiwe.
• Amabala amhlophe emaphethelweni amaqabunga: Ukunikezwa kwamanzi kunzima kakhulu noma umanyolo omningi kakhulu. Lungisa izinga lamanzi futhi umise umanyolo okwesikhashana.
• Amaqabunga anamabala ansundu notwayi olumhlophe (i-mealybug): Susa ngebhola likakotini elifakwe otshwaleni noma ugeze ngamanzi nensipho engathathi hlangothi, uhlanza kahle.
• Izibungu namaqabunga anothuli (izibungu noma isicabucabu esibomvu)Khulisa imvamisa yesifutho ukuze ukhuphule umswakama. Ezimweni ezinzima, sebenzisa ama-insecticide athile kancane.

Kunoma yikuphi ukuhlaselwa, khumbula ukuthi ungasebenzisi imikhiqizo ngokuqondile "echibini" elimaphakathi. Zilawule ngomshini kuqala bese usebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane kuphela uma kunesidingo.

Ukusakazeka kweVriesea: indlela yokuthola amahlumela amasha

La I-Vriesea isakazwa ngokuhlukanisa amahlumelaNgemva kokuqhakaza kanye ne-spike somile, hlola isisekelo sesitshalo. Lapho amahlumela amancane esecishe abe ngu-15 cm ubude futhi enezimpande ezithile ezibonakalayo, zisuse kanye nengxenye yempande bese uzitshala ezimbizeni ngazinye nge-substrate enconyiwe.

Amathiphu okuphindaphinda ngempumelelo:

1. Gcina izitshalo ezintsha endaweni efudumele, enomswakama, enomthunzi kancane emasontweni azo ambalwa okuqala.
2. Ungakwazi ukumboza ibhodwe ngepulasitiki ecacile ukugcina umswakama, ukufaka umoya nsuku zonke ukuvimbela isikhunta. Ungafunda futhi ukuthi ungathola kanjani izimbali ezomisiwe ezihlala isikhathi eside.
3. Lapho amahlumela emila futhi ekhombisa ukukhula, wanakekele njengesitshalo esidala.

Izici ze-Botanical namaqiniso athakazelisayo ngeVriesea

El Uhlobo lwe-Vriesea Ingowomndeni wakwaBromeliaceae futhi inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200 ezizalelwa eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu Melika. Ezinye ezidume kakhulu yilezi:

• IVriesea iyakhazimula: Yaziwa ngamaqabunga ayo afana nedube anamabhande amnyama kanye ne-spike ebomvu noma ewolintshi.
• I-Vriesea fenestralis: Igqame ngenxa yamaqabunga ayo amakhulu nama-bracts aluhlaza agqame ngokubomvu.
• I-Vriesea hieroglyphica: Amaqabunga anamaphethini afana ne-hieroglyph ahlukile; i-flower spike eqinile.
• IVriesea carinata: Ihlangene, inama-bracts abomvu nezimbali eziphuzi.

Isici esiyingqayizivele seVriesea ukuthi yakha "inkomishi" ephakathi namaqabunga ayo, okuthi ngokwemvelo iqoqe amanzi emvula kanye nemfucumfucu encane yemvelo, idale i-microecosystem yayo. Lesi sici sikwenza kube uhlobo olumangazayo futhi "oludla inyama", njengoba lusebenzisa imisoco evela ezinsalela ezibolayo.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile lapho unakekela i-Vriesea

• Thenga isitshalo ngembali yaso kuphelaKhumbula ukuthi uma uthenga i-Vriesea isiqhakaze ngokugcwele, isitshalo sikamama sisesigabeni sokugcina sempilo yaso. Kungcono ukuthenga ama-specimens amancane noma lawo anemiqumbe ebonakalayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuqhubeka.
• Ukunisela ngokweqile noma ukufaka umqubaAmanzi amaningi noma umanyolo ayingozi kuma-bromeliads. Gcina ukulinganisela futhi ubeke phambili ikhwalithi ye-substrate namanzi.
• Yibeke ezindaweni ezibandayo noma zamanje: Beka i-Vriesea ezindaweni ezifudumele, ezivikelekile nezinomswakama ngaphakathi ekhaya, kude neminyango, amafasitela avuliwe kanye nemithombo yokushisa noma yamakhaza.
• Ungawavuseleli amanzi aphakathi nendawo: : Ukuma kanye nezinsalela ku-rosette kungaba umthombo wezifo.

Amathiphu engeziwe okwandisa impilo nobuhle be-Vriesea yakho

• Ukukhanyisa kwamasuUma ikhaya lakho limnyama, sebenzisa izibani zezitshalo ze-LED ezigcwele spectrum eduze kwaseVriesea.
• Inikeza umswakama kwemvelo: Ithreyi enwetshiwe enamanzi namatshe eduze kwesitshalo ingasiza, inqobo nje uma isisekelo sebhodwe singawathinti amanzi ngokuqondile.
• Gwema ukuthinta izimbali noma ama-bracts: Zithambile futhi zingalimala, zilahlekelwe umbala ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
• Gcina amaqabunga nezimbali ngokuqhubekayo: Ngale ndlela ungakwazi ukubona ngokushesha noma yiziphi izimpawu zokucindezeleka noma izinambuzane futhi uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha.

Ukuphila kwe-Vriesea ekhaya kungaba yinde futhi kwanelise, ngisho nangemva kokuba imbali yomile, uma izimo ezifanele zemvelo zihlangatshezwana nezidingo zayo eziyisisekelo. Nakuba imbali ye-Vriesea yoma njengengxenye yomjikelezo wayo wokuphila, ngokunakekelwa okufanele uzothola ithuba lokujabulela lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo isikhathi eside, ukwazisa inzalo yayo futhi, ngokubekezela, ukuqhakaza okusha. Ukuqonda izidingo zayo nokusabela kunoma yiziphi izimpawu zokwehla kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi iyaqhubeka nokuletha umbala nokuphila ekhaya lakho.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokomisa izimbali nge-glycerin: amasu namaqhinga