Isingeniso sencwadi kaRebutias
Ubulili URebutia Ingowomndeni wakwaCactaceae futhi igqame emhlabeni wokulima kanye naphakathi kwabaqoqi be-cactus ngokuguquguquka kwayo okumangalisayo nokuqhakaza kwezimbali okumangalisayo. Itholakala ezindaweni ezinezintaba zaseNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi iBolivia kanye nenyakatho ye-Argentina, iRebutias itholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme, ngokuvamile ezidlula i-3000 m. Lezi zimo ezimbi zinikeze lezi zitshalo ezinoshukela izici eziyingqayizivele ezivumela ukutshala nokusinda kalula. Izitshalo ezincane zangaphandle Ziyindlela enhle kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukufaka izinhlobo eziphikisanayo nezinhle ezindaweni ezincane.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-Rebutias
I-Las I-Rebutias i-cacti encane, i-globose noma i-cylindrical kancane ngokubukeka, okungavamile ukudlula u-10 cm ukuphakama, nakuba amaqembu abo angakha amakoloni amakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Iziqu zabo eziluhlaza zikhona izimbambo zofuba ehlome ngemigogodla emifushane, lawa mahlamvu ashintshiwe avumela ukuthi anciphise ukulahleka kwamanzi.
I-Las izimbali zasemini Ahluma ngokuqondile esiqwini, ngokuvamile entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kusukela kuma-areole angama-spiny. Umbala wezimbali uhluka kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, ezethula ama-shades ahlanganisa okubomvu, okuwolintshi, okuphuzi, okumhlophe, ngisho ne-pink kanye ne-lilac. Kujwayelekile ukuthi isifanekiso esisodwa siqhakaze kakhulu, sihlobise noma yisiphi isikhala ngama-corolla aso ahlabayo.
Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko Nezinhlobonhlobo
- I-Rebutia minuscula: Iyaziwa ngokuminyene kwayo, isiqu esiluhlaza kanye nezimbali ezibomvu-owolintshi, iwuhlobo olukhula ngokushesha, olulungele abasaqalayo.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-heliosa: Igqama ngosayizi wayo omncane (obungadluli ku-2,5 cm ubude) nezimbali zayo eziwolintshi. Yaziswa abaqoqi ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okuhlangene kanye nemigogodla ethambile emhlophe.
- I-Rebutia senilis: Ibonakala ngesiqu sayo, esifinyelela ku-8 cm ubude, imbozwe ameva, kanye nezimbali zayo ezibomvu ezimise okwefaneli, ezingahlukahluka ngombala ophuzi ukuya kobomvana noma o-lilac.
- I-Rebutia marsoneri: Idabuka e-Argentina, ikhiqiza izimbali eziphuzi eziqinile futhi imelana nezimo ezinzima.
- I-Rebutia albiflora: Njengoba idabuka eBolivia, ihlukaniswa ngobukhulu bayo nezimbali ezimhlophe ezigqamile, ezigqamayo uma iqhathaniswa nomzimba wayo oluhlaza kanye nemisele entekenteke.
- I-Rebutia albopectinata: Ngesiqu se-globose, ikhiqiza izimbali ezinkulu eziwolintshi.
- I-Rebutia arenacea: Kusuka eBolivia nasenyakatho ye-Argentina, enesiqu esiyindilinga esiyindilinga nezimbali eziphuzi ngokugqamile.
Izimo ezikhulayo ze-Rebutias
I-Las I-Rebutias i-cacti eguquguqukayo kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyinakekela, inqobo nje uma izimo ezithile eziyisisekelo ziyahlonishwa:
- Ukukhanya: Zidinga izindawo ezikhanyayo, okungcono ukuchayeka eningizimu noma empumalanga. Nakuba ikwazi ukubekezelela ukukhanya kwelanga, kuyatuseka ukuba ivikeleke emisebeni enamandla kakhulu emini bebade ukuze igweme ukushiswa yilanga, ikakhulukazi uma ithola ukukhanya okuhlungwe ngengilazi.
- Ukupholisa umoya: Ukujikeleza komoya okwanele kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinkinga zesikhunta nezinambuzane, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
- Ithempelesha: I-Rebutias ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu kahle, kodwa izinga lokushisa elincane akufanele lehle ngaphansi kuka-7-10ºC, nakuba ezinye izinhlobo ezikhulile zibekezelela amazinga okushisa asondele ku-0ºC uma i-substrate yomile.
- Umswakama: Bakhetha izindawo ezomile ezilingisa imvelaphi yazo yezintaba.
Umhlabathi kanye Nokutshala
I-substrate kufanele ibe idonsa kakhulu futhi inomoyaKunconywa ukuxuba inhlabathi ye-cactus nesihlabathi esimahhadla noma i-perlite, noma inhlanganisela yezingxenye ezimbili zenhlabathi evundile kanye nengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi esihle. Ukugeleza kahle kwamanzi kubalulekile: Izimpande ze-Rebutia ziyinyama, futhi uma zigcinwa zimanzi isikhathi eside, zingabola kalula.
Ukufakelwa kabusha kwenziwa kangcono ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuphela lapho ibhodwe selincane kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi izimpande ngesikhathi sokuphatha. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izimbiza ezinde zezinhlobo ezijulile futhi uqinisekise njalo imigodi eyanele yokukhipha amanzi.
Ukuchelela kanye Nomswakama
Ukunisela eRebutia Ukunisela kufanele kuhlale kuphakathi futhi kuhlukaniswe. Ezindaweni zabo zemvelo, umswakama uvela ikakhulukazi eqhweni elincibilikayo kanye nokujiya kwenkungu noma amazolo esikhundleni sokuna kwemvula njalo. Ngakho-ke, isu elingcono kakhulu ukunisela kuphela ngemva kokuba i-substrate isomile ngokuphelele. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukuchelela kungaba kaningi, kepha ekwindla nasebusika, kufanele kuncishiswe kakhulu noma kumiswe ngisho nokumiswa uma isitshalo sihlala silele futhi sisendaweni ebandayo.
Indlela ekahle ukwenza a ukuchelela ngezikhukhula kusuka ebhodweni, okuvumela amanzi ukuba aphume ngokushesha. Ungalokothi ushiye ibhodwe limanzi te noma uvumele amanzi anqwabelene esosweni. Kunconywa amanzi emvula noma ane-acidic kancane.
Ukuvundisa kanye Nobulongwe
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo-ngokuvamile kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo-umanyolo olinganiselayo unganikezwa i-cactus ihlanjululwe emanzini okuchelela njalo ngemva kwamasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-fertilizer ane-nitrogen encane kanye nengxenye ephakeme ye-phosphorus ne-potassium, ngaphezu kwama-microelements afana nensimbi, i-manganese, i-zinc ne-boron, ukukhuthaza ukuqhakaza nokukhula okuqinile.
Ekuqaleni kwenkathi, kuhle ukuvundisa ngemva kokunisela kwesibili, futhi ezinyangeni ezifudumele, ukuvundisa kungaqiniswa kancane, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza.
Ukuqhakaza kweRebutias
I-Las Izimbali ze-Rebutia zingenye yezinto ezikhangayo eziyinhloko. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo nezimo ezikhulayo, ukuqhakaza kuvame ukuvela entwasahlobo futhi kungadlulela ekwindla. Izimbali zivela ngokuqondile kuma-areole esiqu, zenze izindandatho ezimibalabala phansi kwesitshalo. Ukususa izimbali ezibunile kungavusa ukuqhakaza okusha futhi kugcine isitshalo sinempilo.
Ukuphindaphinda: Imbewu namahlumela
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Rebutias kungenzeka kokubili ukuphindaphinda kwemifino (ama-suckers) kanye nembewu, inketho eqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwezinhlobo ezithile:
- Ukuphindaphinda ngamasucker: Susa amahlumela avela esisekelweni ngommese ohlanzekile, obulala amagciwane. Ngemva kokuba isilonda saphola izinsuku ezimbalwa, tshala ama-suckers emhlabathini oswakeme kancane futhi uwagcine ekukhanyeni okuningi kodwa hhayi elangeni eliqondile. Izimpande ziyashesha.
- Ukuphindaphinda kwembewu: Kunconywa ukuhlwanyela ngasekupheleni kobusika noma entwasahlobo, ezitsheni ezinengxube yenhlabathi ye-cactus nesihlabathi esimahhadla esimanziswe kahle. Kungumqondo omuhle ukumboza umbhede wembewu ngepulasitiki noma ingilazi ukuze ulondoloze izinga lokushisa elingashintshi (21-27°C). Faka umoya nsuku zonke ukuze uvimbele ukhunta futhi ususe isembozo lapho izithombo seziqhumile, uzivumele zikhule ekukhanyeni okusabalele.
Ukukhula kusuka enzalweni kukhiqiza izitshalo ezinokuhlukahluka okukhulu, okulungele abaqoqi abafuna izimo ezintsha nemibala.
Izinambuzane Ezivamile Nezifo
I-Las izinambuzane ezivamile E-Rebutia yibo Isicabucabu esibomvu, lo i-cottony mealybug futhi i izimpande ze-mealybugIsicabucabu esibomvu siyachuma ezindaweni ezomile nezifudumele; ukufafaza ngamanzi nokugcina umswakama omuhle kusiza ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwayo. I-Mealybugs ingaqedwa ngesandla ngokotini ocwiliswe otshwaleni noma ngokwelashwa okuqondile (amafutha kapharafini noma ama-insecticides aphilayo) lapho kuhlaselwe kakhulu.
La i-substrate fly Ingahlasela izithombo ezincane, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi inzalo ifakwe endaweni engaphansi ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela futhi usebenzise izicupho ezinamathelayo eziphuzi. Isikhunta ukulahla-off Kungathinta imibhede yembewu; kubalulekile ukukhipha umoya futhi ugweme umswakama oweqile. Njengendlela yokuvimbela, ukusebenzisa ama-systemic fungicides ngokunisela ngezikhathi ezithile kungaba usizo. Njalo hlola izimpande ngesikhathi sokufakelwa ukuze uthole izifo ezingabonakali futhi ususe izindawo ezilimele.
Ifayela Lezitshalo le-Rebutia albiflora
- Igama lesayensi: I-Rebutia Albiflora
- Umndeni: I-Cactaceae
- Umsuka: Bolivia
- Tipo: I-perennial cactus
- Ukuphakama: Ukuphakama 10 cm
- Isakhiwo: I-globular, enezimbambo eziningi
- Umbala: Okuluhlaza okotshani
- Iqhakaza: Entwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kwehlobo
- Umbala Wembali: Mhlophe
Incazelo Eqondile ye-Rebutia albiflora
I-Rebutia Albiflora Ingenye ye-cacti eyigugu kakhulu phakathi kohlobo ngobuhle bayo nokuqhakaza kalula. Ngomzimba wayo oluhlaza okhanyayo nosayizi omncane, ilungele izindawo ezincane. Izimbali zayo ezimhlophe, eziphuma entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo, zinikeza ubuhle nokuphambene kunoma yiliphi iqoqo le-cactus.
Izincomo Zokunakekelwa Okuqondile
| Ukunakekela | Incomo |
|---|---|
| Luz | Kudinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi okuqondile, kodwa kufanele kuvikelwe elangeni elinamandla lasemini ehlobo. |
| Ukunisela | Nisela ngokusesilinganisweni ngesikhathi sokukhula, ume cishe ngokuphelele ebusika. Gwema njalo ukuchelela ngokweqile. |
| Imvamisa | Sebenzisa i-cactus substrate edonsa kahle, wengeze isihlabathi esimahhadla ne-perlite uma kungenzeka. |
| Ukushisa | Ithanda izinga lokushisa elifudumele emini kanye namazinga okushisa apholile ebusuku, igwema ukuhlala isikhathi eside ngaphansi kuka-5°C ngaphandle uma yomile ngokuphelele. |
| Umanyolo | Nikeza umanyolo olinganiselayo entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ngaphandle kwe-nitrogen eyeqile. |
| Izihlahla | Akudingekile. Vele ususe izindawo ezomile ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka. |
Amacebiso Awusizo Namasu Okukhulisa
- Konke I-Rebutias idinga ibhodwe eline-drainage enhle kakhulu; labo abanezimpande ezijulile bayokwazisa iziqukathi ezinde.
- Zibekezelela impilo yasendlini kahle uma zinamahora amaningana okukhanya okuqondile nsuku zonke.
- Ngesikhathi sokuphumula (ebusika) kungcono ukuwahambisa endaweni epholile, eyomile ukuze ukhuthaze ukuqhakaza kwesikhathi esizayo.
- Ukuhluma kwembewu kuphumelela kakhulu ngembewu entsha, futhi kungcono ukuhlwanyela entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla ukusizakala ngezinga lokushisa lemvelo elizungezile.
- Izitshalo ezincane kufanele zitshalwe kabusha ngonyaka kuze kube yilapho zifika embizeni yazo yokugcina; emva kwalokho, ukubuyiswa kabusha kungahlukaniswa ngokuqhubekayo.
- Ekulawuleni izinambuzane zebhayoloji kuyasiza ukusebenzisa izinambuzane ezinenzuzo ezifana I-Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (i-cochineal predator) noma i-atheta coriaria (umzingeli we-substrate fly larvae).
Ukuvimbela kanye Nesixazululo Sezinkinga Ezivamile
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokulahlekelwa kweRebutias ekulimeni Ngokuvamile zihlobene:
- Ukunisela ngokweqile noma ukungangeni kahle kwamanzi kubangela ukubola kwezimpande. Ukulungisa i-substrate nokuhlukanisa ukuchelela kubalulekile.
- Amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu ane-substrate emanzi. Uma isimo sezulu esibandayo sibikezelwa, ukugcina izitshalo zomile kuyisivikelo esingcono kakhulu.
- Izinambuzane ezifana ne-mealybug yempande, okumele isuswe ngesikhathi sokutshala kabusha noma ngokucwilisa izimpande ku-insecticide.
- Ukugcwala kukasawoti ku-substrate ngenxa yamanzi aqinile kungakhinyabeza ukukhula. Ukusebenzisa amanzi emvula kuhle.
Ngokunakekelwa okuncane kanye nenhlonipho ngezidingo zokukhanya, amanzi kanye ne-substrate eyanele, I-Rebutias ibonga kakhulu i-cactiIkhono lazo lokuqhakaza kakhulu kanye nokuqina kwazo kwemvelo kuzenza zibe yisinqumo esibaluleke kakhulu kubo bobabili abaqalayo kanye nochwepheshe ekutshalweni kwe-cactus. Ngokusebenzisa lawa macebiso namasu, uzojabulela izitshalo ezinempilo, eziqhakaza iminyaka, ngisho nasezindaweni ezincane noma ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezivumayo.
