I-Bromeliad Ingenye yezitshalo ezithakazelisa kakhulu futhi ezaziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wezingadi nomklamo wangaphakathi. Ubuhle bayo obungavamile, ukuhlukahluka komumo nemibala, kanye nomjikelezo wempilo oyingqayizivele kwenza lezi zitshalo zibe inketho ekahle kulabo abafuna ukwengeza ukuthinta okuhlukile, okushisayo endaweni yabo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusengadini noma ekhaya. Kulesi sihloko, uzongena emhlabeni we-bromeliads ngokufunda Indlela yokukhiqiza kabusha ngokuphumelelayo, indlela yokunakekela inzalo futhi iyandise ngempumelelo isizukulwane ngesizukulwane ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ubuhle bayoAke sithole amasu, amaqhinga, nezici ezihlukile ezizokuvumela ukuthi ujabulele umbukwane wangempela wemvelo.
Izimpawu nezinhlobonhlobo zama-bromeliads
I-Bromeliads iveza ukuhlukahluka okumangazayo kwezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, ngayinye inemibala yayo, indlela yokwenza, nezimfuneko. Into egqama kakhulu ngalezi zitshalo yizo isakhiwo samaqabunga amise okwe-rosette, engagcina amanzi nemisoco. Ama-bromeliad amaningi akha ama-bracts anemibala Phakathi nendawo, izimbali ezincane kodwa ezingavamile kakhulu zivela esisekelweni. Iqiniso elimangalisayo ukuthi, ngemva kokuqhakaza kanye ekuphileni, isitshalo sikamama siqala ukubuna kancane kancane, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba sife, siveza amahlumela amasha noma "ama-suckers" azoqinisekisa isizukulwane esilandelayo.
Ngokuphathelene nendawo yokuhlala nokukhula, ama-bromeliad angaba yi-epiphytic noma yasemhlabeni.. Eziningi zikhula zinamathele eziqwini nasemagatsheni, kodwa ngaphandle kokuziqeda izinambuzane, njengoba zithola izakhi zazo emanzini emvula, othulini nasezintweni eziphilayo ezinqwabelene. Kukhona nama-bromeliad asemhlabeni, njengephayinaphu (U-Ananas comosus), okungenye eyaziwa kakhulu eqenjini. Lokhu kujwayela okuyingqayizivele kuvumela ama-bromeliads ukuthi ajatshulelwe ngaphandle nangaphakathi, inqobo nje uma enakekelwa kahle.
Umjikelezo wempilo kanye nendlela yemvelo yokukhiqiza kabusha ama-bromeliad
Umjikelezo wempilo wama-bromeliad uhlukile kakhuluLezi zitshalo, ngokuvamile, ziqhakaza kanye kuphela ekuphileni kwazo. Ngemva kwalesi senzakalo, njengoba isitshalo sikamama sincipha, siqala ukukhiqiza amahlumela esisekelweni. Lawa mahlumela amasha ayisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zezilwane ziyasinda. Inqubo ingokwemvelo ngokuphelele futhi ayidingi ukungenelela komuntu, nakuba singakwazi ukufaka isandla empumelelweni yayo ngokulandela amanye amathiphu achazwe ezigabeni ezilandelayo.
Isikhathi sokuvela kwenzalo singahluka kuye ngokuthi izinhlobo nezimo zemvelo, kodwa Ngokuvamile, ama-buds avela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokuqhakaza.Uma zifinyelela usayizi othize nokuqina, yisikhathi sokucabanga ukuzihlukanisa ukuze udale izitshalo ezintsha, ezizimele.
Ukuhlonzwa nokukhethwa kwezithombo ezilungele ukutshalwa kabusha
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ekusakazeni ama-bromeliad ukwazi ukuthi kufanele kuhlukaniswe nini inzalo.Inzalo kufanele okungenani ibe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ukuya kuhhafu ubukhulu besitshalo esingumzali futhi ibe nezimpande ezithile ezibonakalayo. Kungcono ukulinda kuze kube yilapho inzalo isinamandla ngokwanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyasinda lapho itshalwa kabusha.
Ezinye izinkomba ze-sucker elungele ukuhlukaniswa yilezi:
- Usayizi ofanelekile: Okungenani ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yosayizi wesifanekiso somzali.
- Izimpande ezithuthukisiwe: Ukuba khona kwezimpande zayo ezibonakalayo phansi kwehlumela.
- Isakhiwo esiqinile namaqabunga anempilo: Uma inzalo inamaqabunga aluhlaza, aqinile, kuwuphawu lwempilo enhle.
- Ukungabikho komonakalo noma ukubola: Gwema ukuhlukanisa nokutshala izithombo ezibonakala zithambile noma ezinamachashaza amnyama.
Ukubekezela kuyisihluthulelo. Uma inzalo ihlukaniswa kusenesikhathi kakhulu, ukuphila kwayo kungase kube sengozini.
Izinyathelo ezinemininingwane zokuhlukanisa inzalo ye-bromeliad
- Lungiselela amathuluzi: Sebenzisa ummese obukhali, ohlanjululwe ngamagciwane noma isikelo ukuvimbela ukusakazeka kwezifo phakathi kwezitshalo.
- Yenza ukusika okuhlanzekile: Hlukanisa i-sucker nesitshalo sikamama, uqinisekise ukuthi isisekelo sehlumela siqukethe ingxenye yesistimu yezimpande.
- I-Cicatrization: Vumela indawo esikiwe yehlumela ngalinye yome usuku noma ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka futhi kuyisize ijwayele indawo yayo entsha.
- Ukulahla amahlumela awonakele: Uma noma iyiphi inzalo ibonisa izimpawu zokubola, kungcono kakhulu ukuyiphatha ize ibuye ibe namandla noma ithathelwe indawo entsha.
Ungatshala kanjani izithombo futhi ukhuthaze ukukhula kwazo okunempilo
Uma isihlukanisiwe, inzalo kufanele itshalwe ebhodweni elifanele noma phakathi nendawo, kuye ngokuthi iwuhlobo lwasemhlabeni noma lwe-epiphytic. Ingxube ye-substrate efanelekile kufanele inikeze ukugeleza kahle kwamanzi, ukugcinwa kwezakhi kanye nokungenisa umoyaInhlanganisela enconyiwe i-peat ene-perlite noma igxolo likaphayini kanye ne-sphagnum moss ye-epiphytic bromeliads.
- Beka i-sucker phakathi nendawo ebhodweni noma kusekelo olukhethiweLimboze kancane nge-substrate, ugweme ukungcwaba isisekelo ngokujulile ukuze uvimbele ukubola.
- Ukuchelela kanye nomswakama: Gcina i-substrate imanzi kancane, kodwa ingalokothi igcwale amanzi. Fafaza amanzi ezindaweni ezomile ukuze ulingise izimo zendawo yazo yemvelo.
- Isibani: I-Bromeliads ikhetha ukukhanya okuningi okungaqondile. Ukuzibeka elangeni kungalimaza amaqabunga azo athambile.
- Izinga lokushisa kanye ne-ventilation: Indawo efudumele futhi enomoya omuhle ithanda ukuhluma nokukhula ngamandla kwamahlumela.
Ukusebenzisa i-sphagnum moss kungakhuphula impumelelo yezimpande, ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ze-epiphytic. Kuyenzeka futhi ukuvikeleka kwamasucker eziqwini (xaxim) usebenzisa izinti zokhuni noma i-twine ebolayo kuze kube yilapho emila izimpande ezintsha. Le ndlela ihlobisa kakhulu futhi iyasebenza, ilungele ukudala izingadi eziqondile noma ukuhlobisa izikhala zangaphakathi.
Izindlela ezengeziwe zokusabalalisa i-bromeliad: ukuhlukanisa nokusika
Ngokungeziwe ekusakazweni ngamasucker, akhona amanye amasu awusizo kakhulu wokuphindaphinda ama-bromeliad nokwandisa iqoqo lakho:
- Ukusabalalisa ngokuhlukanisa: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlukanisa isitshalo sikamama lapho kuvela amahlumela aseceleni noma ama-rosette amasha. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande zifakiwe esigabeni ngasinye ukukhuthaza ukukhula okuzimele.
- Ukusabalalisa nge-cuttings: Kwezinye izimo, i-rosette evuthiwe, enempilo ingasikwa esitshalweni sikamama. Ukusikwa kufanele kuhlanzeke, futhi isisekelo sokusika singafakwa emanzini noma ngqo ku-substrate emanzi (okungcono i-sphagnum moss). Ukugcina umswakama njalo kuzokhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande namahlumela amasha.
- Ukwesekwa okufanele kanye ne-substrate: Ukusebenzisa i-sphagnum ephilayo noma ingxube ye-sphagnum nobumba olwandisiwe kusiza ukugcina umswakama odingekayo ukuze kufakwe izimpande, kuvimbele amanzi amaningi angabangela ukubola.
Kunoma yikuphi, ukubekezela nokuqapha ngezikhathi ezithile isimo sokusika noma ukuhlukaniswa kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukusabalalisa okuphumelelayo.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-bromeliads nokunakekelwa kwawo okukhethekile
- Umbuso waseGuzmania: Igqame ngamabract ayo anombala ogqamile, asukela kobomvu kuya komhlophe. Ikhetha izindawo ezinomswakama nokunisela masonto onke, igwema ukugcwala kwamanzi. Amaqabunga awo kufanele ahlanzwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngokufafaza amanzi ukuze agcine ukukhanya kwawo kwemvelo.
- I-Aechmea Fasciata: Lolu hlobo lubonakala ngamahlamvu awo awugqinsi, ambozwe nge-fuzz emhlophe. Idinga i-substrate egcina umswakama othile, kodwa ingalokothi ibe kakhulu. Imiphetho yayo enezinsika iyenza ibukeke ibukeka kahle futhi yasekuqaleni.
- I-Vriesea splendens: Njengoba yaziwa ngama-bract ayo amangalisayo, idinga ukukhanya okuningi okungaqondile nokuniselwa okusesilinganisweni. Ilungele izinto zangaphakathi ezikhanyayo.
- I-Tillandsia canea: "Isitshalo somoya" esimangalisayo sithuthukisa izimbali ezinsomi futhi singatshalwa ngaphandle kwenhlabathi, enamathiselwe eziqwini noma ezisekelweni zokuhlobisa. Idinga kuphela umswakama nokukhanya okuthambile.
- I-Neoregelia: Zifana ne-Nidularium futhi zincintisana ngombala, kokubili emaqabunga nama-bracts aphakathi. Imibala yazo ehlukahlukene kanye nokuqina kwazo kuzenza zidume kakhulu izingadi zasezindaweni ezishisayo nangaphakathi ezikhanya ngokukhanyayo.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo nezinzuzo ze-bromeliads ekhaya
I-Bromeliads ayigcini nje ngokuhlobisa noma iyiphi ikona, kodwa futhi ifaka isandla ebhalansi yemvelo.Ezinye izinhlobo zihlanza umoya, zibambe uthuli nama-microdroplets ngenxa yamaqabunga azo anoboya kanye nesakhiwo se-rosette. Elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo liwukuthi uphayinaphu, isithelo esivame ukusisebenzisa, ungowomkhaya ofanayo nalezi zitshalo ezithakazelisayo.
Ku-epiphytic bromeliads, i-rosette emaphakathi isebenza njengedamu lamanzi lemvelo, okuvumela isitshalo ukuthi siphile endaweni eyomile ngokuqoqa amanzi emvula kanye nezakhamzimba eziphilayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo eziningi zenze izinwele ezincane emaqabunga azo ukuze kwandiswe ukumuncwa komswakama emoyeni, okuholela ekutheni zikwazi ukukhula "njengezitshalo zomoya."
Nakuba ama-bromeliad amaningi adinga ukunakekelwa okufanayo, kubalulekile lungisa ukuchelela kanye nendawo kuhlobo oluthile ukugwema izinkinga ezinjengokubola kwezimpande noma ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga.
