Ukongiwa kanye nokuhlaziya ukuhluma Ukugcinwa kwembewu kuyisici esibalulekile kubalimi, abalimi bezitshalo, nanoma ubani onentshisekelo yokulondoloza ukusebenza kwezinhlobo zezitshalo zabo, ukuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa okuyimpumelelo nokusimeme. Ukugcina imbewu isesimweni esifanele, kanye nokugcinwa njalo, ukuhlolwa kokuhluma, inciphisa ukuthembela ekuthengeni kwangaphandle futhi isiza ekulondolozeni izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zendawo, kuyilapho ithuthukisa isivuno sezitshalo.
Izihluthulelo zokongiwa kwembewu nokusebenza kwayo
Ukugcina amandla okumila imbewu ezimweni ezifanele, kubalulekile ukuyibeka izitsha zengilazi ezingangeni moya, ephelezelwa into emuncayo njengoshoki ukulawula umswakama namalebula abonisa ukuhlukahluka kanye nosuku lokuvuna. Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni ephephile. fresh futhi emnyama ukuqinisekisa izinga lokushisa elizinzile kanye nomswakama, izici ezibalulekile zokwandisa ukusebenza kahle.
Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, izimbewu zinesikhathi sokuphila esiguquguqukayo. Isibonelo, u-anyanisi uhlala ephila cishe iminyaka emibili, kanti amanye afana notamatisi, ulethisi, no-squash angagcina ukuhluma kwawo kuze kube iminyaka emihlanu ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Bheka ithebula lembewu ukusebenza okumaphakathi imbewu kuyoba usizo olukhulu ekunqumeni lapho kudingekile ukuvuselela amaqoqo.
| Ukusebenza okumaphakathi (iminyaka) | Izinhlobo zezinhlobo |
|---|---|
| 2 | I-anyanisi |
| 3 | I-Zucchini, uphizi, ubhontshisi, i-basil, ama-leeks kanye nezaqathi |
| 4 | I-Brokholi, iklabishi, ukholifulawa, isipinashi, ubhontshisi, ummbila, itheniphu, upelepele, isithombo kanye ne-beetroot |
| 5 | I-Chard, i-artichoke, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, isitshalo seqanda, ithanga, i-escarole, ulethisi, ikhabe, ikhukhamba, ikhabe, utamatisi |
Ukuhamba kwesikhathi noma ukugcinwa okungafanele kunciphisa inani lembewu ekwazi ukumila ngempumelelo (amandla okuhluma). Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela iqoqo elidala noma elinemvelaphi engabazekayo, kuhle ukwenza a ukuhlolwa kokuhluma, ukonga umzamo kanye nokuqinisekisa impumelelo yezitshalo.
Kuyini ukuhlolwa kokuhluma futhi kusetshenziselwa ini?
La ukuhlolwa kokuhluma kwembewu Kuyisivivinyo esilula nesibalulekile kubo bobabili abangafundi kanye nezingcweti. Ikuvumela ukuthi wazi i- iphesenti lembewu ephilayo kusuka kunqwaba ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo. Lokhu kuvumela:
- Gwema ukutshala iziza ezingenawo amandla okumila, ukonga isikhathi nezinsiza.
- Hlela ukukhiqizwa kwembewu, ikakhulukazi yezinhlobo ezibalulekile.
- Linganisa ikhwalithi yembewu eshintshiwe noma etholwe kubantu besithathu.
Hlukanisa phakathi kwe amandla embewu Futhi iphesenti lokuhluma libalulekile. Ukuqina kukala ikhono lembewu lokumila ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle kangako, kuyilapho ukuhluma kwephesenti likala ingxenye yembewu ekhiqiza izithombo ezivamile ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle.
Indlela esebenzayo yokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuhluma ekhaya
- Lungiselela ukusekela: Sebenzisa iphepha lokuhlunga, iphepha lasekhishini, noma okufanayo. Dweba igridi (isibonelo, imigqa engu-10 x 10) ukuze wenze ukubeka nokubala kube lula.
- Moisten iphepha: Yibeke epuletini bese wengeza amanzi ngesirinji noma ngepayipi kuze kube yilapho imanzi kodwa ingabi kakhulu, ugweme ama-puddles.
- Beka imbewu: Okukodwa kumpambanomgwaqo wegridi ngayinye, usebenzisa ama-tweezers, ibhulashi lokupenda, noma iminwe yakho. Susa amanzi amaningi uma zintanta. Ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani imbewu esebenzayo, funda ukuthi ungahlola kanjani imbewu ngempumelelo ukuze ihlume.
- Mboza futhi uyeke kuqhume: Sebenzisa ukugoqa ngepulasitiki noma ingilazi. Gwema ukukhanya okuqondile futhi ubeke ipuleti endaweni ezinzile.
- Ukulawula nokubala: Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, bheka ukuthi zingaki izimbewu ezimilayo nokuthi zingaki izithombo ezibonakala zivamile (ngaphandle kwamabala noma ukukhubazeka). Bala kuphela lapho ukuhluma kungabonwa.
Iphesenti lokuhluma liyabalwa:
Ukuhluma % = (Inani lezimbewu ezimile x 100) / Isamba senani lezimbewu ezibekwe ukuze zimile
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa imbewu ene-a amandla okumila ngaphezu kwama-50%. Ngaphansi kwalo mngcele, ukuhluma emhlabathini kungaphazamiseka kakhulu, njengoba izimo zensimu ngokuvamile zingathandeki kunalezo zokuhlolwa. Ukwandisa ulwazi lwakho lwamasu ahambisanayo, ungathintana Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ngaphambi kokuhluma?.
Izinto ezengeziwe ezithinta ukuhluma kwembewu kanye nekhwalithi
Ikhwalithi yokuphila kwembewu ayinqunywa kuphela yizici zofuzo, kodwa futhi ukukhiqiza, ukuvuna, ukomisa kanye nezimo zokugcinaIphuzu elibalulekile umswakama wembewu, ohlobene ngokuqondile nawo ubungqabavuUkuhlaziywa kokuqukethwe komswakama kwaselabhorethri kusebenzisa izinqubo ezifana nokomisa kuhhavini emazingeni okushisa alawulwayo kanye nezilinganiso zokuhlaziya. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezigaba zokuhluma, vakashela Indlela Yokuhluma Imbewu Ngempumelelo.
Amanzi asetshenziswa ezivivinyweni kufanele kube engenakho ukungcola, okungcono i-distilled, ene-pH engathathi hlangothi ukuze ingashintshi umphumela. I izinga lokushisa, ukukhanya kanye nobude besikhathi Imiphumela yokuhlolwa iyahlukahluka ngezinhlobo zezilwane, ngakho-ke kuhle ukubonana nezinkomba ezithile zobuchwepheshe uma usebenza nezinhlobo ezingajwayelekile kakhulu.
Izivivinyo ezihambisanayo zokuhlola ikhwalithi yembewu
Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kokuhluma, kukhona ukuhlolwa kwamandla Lokhu kuvumela ukutholwa komehluko kukhwalithi yokuphila phakathi kwamaqoqo anamaphesenti afanayo okuhluma. Lokhu kubandakanya:
- Ukushesha ukuguga: Ihlola ukubekezelela umswakama kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu, alungele ubhontshisi wesoya, ummbila, ukolo noma imbewu kakotini.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tetrazolium: Inquma ukusebenza ngokusebenza kwe-enzymatic, okuwusizo ezimbewu ezifana nobhontshisi wesoya namabele.
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kukagesi: Ithola izinga lokuwohloka ngokulinganisa ukuvuza kwezinyibilikisiwe zamaselula endaweni enamanzi, inkomba eyinhloko yobungqabavu.
- Ukuhlolwa okubandayo: Ifaneleka ezindaweni ezipholile, ibeka imbewu emazingeni okushisa aphansi ukuze ihlole ukusebenza kwayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi.
Ukuphatha okulungile kusukela ekuvuneni kuya ekugcinweni nasekuqhubeni ukuhlolwa kokuhluma Ukuhlolwa kwembewu ngezikhathi ezithile, kanye nezindlela zokuhlaziya ezithuthukile, kuyisisekelo sokulondoloza ikhwalithi nokuqinisekisa impumelelo yezitshalo. Ukusebenzisa lezi zindlela kuvumela ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwembewu etholakalayo, izinhlelo zokutshala eziphumelelayo, kanye negalelo ekusimameni kwezolimo.
