Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-Weeping Willow: Ukunakekela, Izakhiwo, kanye Nokusetshenziswa Okubalulekile

Umhlwathi okhalayo (I-Salix babylonica) isihlahla esivusa ubuhle, ukudangala, namandla ngokulingana. Njengoba sidabuka eMpumalanga Asia, ikakhulukazi eChina, lesi sihlahla siye sazuza indawo evelele ezingadini, emapaki, nasezindaweni zomhlaba wonke, hhayi nje ngenxa yobuhle baso obuyingqayizivele kodwa nangenxa yezinzuzo zaso zemvelo nezokwelapha. Kulesi sihloko esibanzi, uzothola konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana, ukunakekela, ukukhiqiza kabusha, futhi usebenzise ngokugcwele izakhiwo nokusetshenziswa kwe-weeping willow, ehlanganisa ulwazi lwakamuva, oluphelele, nolwazi olusebenzayo.

Izici ezijwayelekile ze-weeping willow

I-Botany kanye ne-morphology
I-weeping willow ingowomndeni wakwaSalicaceae futhi ikhula ngokuyinhloko, nakuba esimweni sezulu esipholile ingaziphatha njenge-semi-evergreen. Ubude bayo obujwayelekile buphakathi 12 y 20 amamitha ekuvuthweni, nakuba ezimweni ezifanele ingafinyelela 25 amamitha. Inesiqu esiqinile esinamagxolo ansundu ngokumpunga aqhekeka ngokuhamba kweminyaka, futhi amagatsha awo amade, aguquguqukayo alenga ku-cascade, okwenza umphumela obonakalayo ongenakuphikiswa futhi anikeze umthunzi omningi.
Amaqabunga ayi-lanceolate, anomkhawulo omise okweqile, aluhlaza ngokukhanyayo ohlangothini olungaphezulu kanye ne-glaucous ngaphansi, nobude obuphakathi. 8 y 16 cm. Izimbali zivela kuma-inflorescences afana ne-catkin, futhi izihlahla ziyi-dioecious; okungukuthi, kukhona kokubili izitshalo zeduna nezinsikazi.

Imvelaphi nendawo yemvelo
I-Weeping Willow, naphezu kwegama layo lesayensi i-babylonica (“odabuka eBhabhiloni”), udabuka empumalanga ye-Asia, ikakhulukazi eShayina. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iye yaba ngokwemvelo emazweni aseMelika, eYurophu, eNyakatho Afrika, nasentshonalanga ye-Asia. Incamela izindawo zokuhlala eduze nemifula, izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi, nenhlabathi epholile, enothile ngezakhi zomzimba, nengenamanzi, nakuba ibekezelela ukucinana okuthile uma kungeqisi.

Izinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo ezihlobene
Noma kunjalo I-Salix babylonica Kuyizinhlobo zokuhlobisa ngobuhle, kunezinye izinhlobo eziphawulekayo nama-cultivars, njenge I-Salix alba y Salix humboldtiana, efaneleka kakhulu eLatin America. Siphinde sithole ama-hybrids afana I-Salix x sepulcralis kanye nezitshalo ezifana ne-'Aurea' (amaqabunga aphuzi ekwindla) kanye 'neCrispa' (amaqabunga asontekile), ahlukanisa ukusetshenziswa kokuhlobisa nemvelo kohlobo.

Ukubaluleka kwemvelo
Isistimu yempande ye-weeping willow iphumelela kakhulu ekuqiniseni amabhange, ekuvimbeleni ukuguguleka, nasekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yamanzi, esebenza njengesisefo esingokwemvelo esingcolisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagatsha awo kanye namahlamvu ahlinzeka ngendawo yokuhlala nokudla kwezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni nezilwane zasemanzini, okwenza kube uhlobo olubalulekile ekubuyiselweni kwemvelo kanye namaphrojekthi esimeme wokuhlelwa kwezwe.

Izidingo zemvelo kanye nendawo efanele

Luz
I-weeping willow idinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi ukuze ikhule. Itshalwe kahle ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezinelanga lapho ithola khona ilanga eliqondile isikhathi esiningi sosuku; ukuchayeka ngokwanele kungawenza buthaka futhi kubangele izinambuzane nezifo. Ezimweni ezifudumele kakhulu, ingakwazi ukubekezelela umthunzi oyingxenye, nakuba amahlamvu awo azoba minyene futhi abe nempilo elangeni eligcwele.

Isimo sezulu
Lesi sihlahla sivumelana ngokuphawulekayo nezinga lokushisa elihlukahlukene, sikhula ezindaweni ezipholile siye ezindaweni ezinobusika obushubile. Ingakwazi ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi njenge -20°C ebudaleni kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu eduze 38°C. Kodwa-ke, kudinga izinyathelo ezithile zokuqapha ukubhekana nesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu:

• Ebusika obubanda kakhulu: vikela nge-mulch futhi ugweme ukuthena okukhulu.
• Ehlobo elishisayo: Khulisa imvamisa yokunisela futhi, uma kungenzeka, unikeze umthunzi ongaphelele phakathi namahora okukhanya kwelanga okukhulu ukuvikela ukubola kwamaqabunga.

Imvamisa
I-substrate efanelekile ye-weeping willow inomswakama, ijulile, inothile ngezinto eziphilayo, futhi idonswe kahle. Incamela i-acidic kancane kune-pH engathathi hlangothi (6-7,5), kodwa ibekezelela i-alkalinity ethile. Imiksi efanele ihlanganisa:

• Umhlaba wensimu
• Umquba noma i-organic humus
• Isihlabathi noma i-perlite ukuthuthukisa ukungena nokukhipha amanzi

Gwema inhlabathi enobumba kakhulu futhi ehlangene, njengoba ukuminza kwezimpande kungenye yezitha ezimbalwa zomnyezane. Nokho, ingasinda ezimweni ezimbi ngenxa yesimiso sayo sezimpande esinamandla.

Umswakama nokunisela
I-weeping willow idinga kakhulu uma kuziwa kumswakama, emhlabathini nasemvelweni. Ngokufanelekile, kufanele itshalwe eduze kwamachibi, imifudlana, noma osebeni lwemifula. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, ukuchelela njalo kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yokuqala yokukhula nangezikhathi ezomile. Ukunisela kufanele kujule futhi kuhlukaniswe, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amanzi angena endaweni yezimpande. Ezibonelweni ezivuthiwe, kanye ngesonto namanzi amaningi ngokuvamile kwanele; ezihlahleni ezincane noma izitshalo zasebhodweni, qinisekisa ukuthi i-substrate ayomi ngokuphelele.

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Weeping Willow

1. Ngokusika: Lena indlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu. Isika amagatsha amancane, anempilo cishe cishe unyaka owodwa ubudala futhi acishe abe ugqinsi njengepensela (cishe 30 cm ubude), ekwindla noma ebusika. Yenza ukusika okuhlanzekile, susa amanye amagxolo esisekelweni, sebenzisa ama-hormone e-rooting bese utshala ku-substrate ene-porous (100% perlite noma izingxenye ezilinganayo ze-perlite ne-peat emnyama). Nisela kahle futhi uhlale emthunzini kuze kube yilapho izimpande zihluma, okuvame ukwenzeka 2-3 izinyanga. Ungakwazi futhi ukubuza mayelana Ukunakekelwa kwe-bonsai willow ekhalayo.
2. Ngembewu: Nakuba kunzima ukuthola imbewu ephilayo, ingenzeka. Waqoqe ngokuqondile esihlahleni lapho evuthwa, susa i-fuzz, futhi uwahlume ethreyini yembewu ene-substrate ecebile, enezimbotshana, egcina umswakama omuhle kanye nendawo enelanga. Zimila kanzima, kodwa ziyinketho ekhangayo uma ufuna ukuhlukahluka kofuzo.

Ukutshala kanye nebanga elinconywayo

Tshala i-weeping willow njengesibonelo esingasodwa, ushiye okungenani 10 amamitha ukusuka kwezinye izinhlobo, amapayipi, izindonga, noma izakhiwo, ngenxa yesistimu yayo yezimpande ehlaselayo. Uma ufuna ukwakha i-windbreak, hlonipha ubuncane bebanga 10 amamitha phakathi kwezibonelo.

Ukufakelwa

Ukutshala kabusha kufanele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kwebusika noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuhluma. Kutuswa ukuphatha impande ngokucophelela, ugweme ukulimaza izimpande, nokugcina umswakama oqhubekayo phakathi namasonto ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokutshala.

I-Weeping willow care step by step

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Weeping Willow Bonsai (Salix babylonica): Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokunakekela, amasu kanye namathiphu okulima nokunakekela

Ukunisela
Gcina i-substrate imanzi unomphela, ngaphandle kwezikhukhula. Ukuchelela okujulile ngezikhathi ezithile (njalo 7-15 days) kunenzuzo kakhulu kunokuchelela phezulu. Ezihlahleni ezinamabhodwe noma phakathi neminyaka yazo embalwa yokuqala, qaphela kakhulu umswakama futhi ugweme izikhathi zesomiso.

Umbhalisile
Vundisa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngomanyolo we-organic (umquba, umquba) noma umanyolo okhishwa kancane olinganiselayo (ifomula). 10-10-10). Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, ungakwazi ukwengeza ngomanyolo one-nitrogen njalo ngenyanga ukuze ukhuthaze ukuminyana kwamaqabunga. Gwema ukudlisa kakhulu izitshalo zasebhodweni ukuze ugweme ukukhula okunamandla ngokweqile, okunzima ukuzilawula.

Izihlahla
Ukuthena kubalulekile kuzo zombili izizathu zobuhle nezempilo. Yenza ukuthena kwesakhiwo ngasekupheleni kobusika, ususa amagatsha afile, awonakele, noma awela kanye nalawo akhulela ngaphakathi. Entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, cindezela amathiphu ukuze ukhuthaze i-branching nosayizi wokulawula. Amagatsha abuthakathaka noma agulayo kufanele asuswe ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe izifo.

Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane nezifo
Izitha eziyinhloko ze-phytosanitary ze-weeping willow yilezi:

• Ama-aphid nama-mealybugs: Zilwa namafutha amaminerali, insipho ye-potassium noma izibulala-zinambuzane eziphilayo ezifana namafutha e-neem.
• Amabhungane: Bangakwazi ukudala izimbobo emaqabunga. Zisuse ngokwenza noma sebenzisa izicupho.
• Amacimbi: Bheka amahlumela amathenda futhi uwasuse ngesandla.
• Isikhunta (ukugqwala, i-powdery mildew, ukubola): Gcoba ama-fungicides asekelwe ethusi futhi ukhiphe izinto ezithelelekile.

Ukuvimbela kubalulekile: hlola njalo isihlahla futhi ukhuthaze ukuhamba komoya okuhle ngokuthena. Ezingadini zemvelo, ukukhuthaza ukuba khona kwama-ladybugs nezinyoni ezibulala izinambuzane kuyindlela yokulawula yemvelo.

Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe
Gwema ukutshala i-weeping willow eduze kwengqalasizinda engaphansi komhlaba njengamapayipi, imithombo, noma izisekelo, njengoba izimpande zayo zingayilimaza kakhulu. Inikeze indawo ukuze ikhule futhi ithuthuke ngokungakhawulelwe.

Ukulinywa kwebhodwe kanye nebhonsai

Kungatshalwa ebhodweni?
I-Weeping willow ayilona uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lwamabhodwe ngenxa yobukhulu bayo namandla, nakuba ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa neziqukathi ezinkulu kakhulu phakathi neminyaka yayo embalwa yokuqala. Sika njalo, lawula ukukhula kwezimpande (ikakhulukazi ama-taproots), futhi usebenzise iziqukathi ezinkulu ezikhanyiswe kahle. Ingxube ekahle yi-peat emnyama ene-a 20% i-perlite, ukuchelela ngokukhululekile futhi ugweme ukubola.

Ibhonsai yomnyezane ekhalayo
Nakuba ngokwemvelo kungabhekwa njengezinhlobo ezifanele ze-bonsai, kungenzeka ukusebenzisana nayo kulobu buciko ngokubekezela. Sebenzisa izihlungi ze-akadama ne-substrate, nisela njalo, futhi wenze ukuthena kancane kancane ukuze unciphise usayizi wamaqabunga. Ukubuyisela kabusha kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kobusika kanye nokufaka izintambo entwasahlobo, kususwa izintambo kamuva. 2-3 izinyanga zokugwema ukushiya amamaki. Vundisa ngesikhathi sokukhula, kodwa ngamanani amancane kunezibonelo zasengadini.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wezihlahla Zokuhlobisa Zamapulangwe: Ubuhle, Umthunzi, Nokuphila Esikhaleni Sakho Sangaphandle

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-weeping willow: okokuhlobisa, ezokwelapha kanye nemvelo

Ekulimani nasengadini
I-weeping willow isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko njengesihlahla sokuhlobisa, esilungele ukudala izindawo okugxilwe kuzo ezingadini ezinkulu noma amachibi ahambisanayo nemizimba yamanzi. Inikeza umthunzi, umoya opholile, nendawo yokukhosela izilwane zasendle. Ezindaweni zasemakhaya, ibuye isetshenziswe njengesinqamuleli somoya, uma kubhekwa ukukhula kwayo ngokushesha kanye nokuqina.
Ukhuni lwawo, nakuba lulula futhi lungamelani kakhulu nesimo sezulu esihlala isikhathi eside, lungasetshenziswa ekwenzeni ifenisha yase-rustic, amadrowa kanye ne-pulp yephepha.

Inani lemvelo nokubuyiselwa
Kubalulekile ekusimamiseni osebeni lwemifula, ukuvimbela ukuguguleka nokuthuthukisa izinga lamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwayo kuthuthukisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kukhanga izinyoni, izinambuzane eziwusizo nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane. Emisebenzini yokubuyisela imvelo, itshalwa ukuze kubuyiselwe inhlabathi eyonakele kanye nezindawo ezihlala eduze nomfula.

Izakhiwo zokwelapha ze-weeping willow
I-extract eyigugu kakhulu igxolo, elicebile i-salicin, isandulela semvelo se-salicylic acid, isisekelo se-aspirin. Izici zayo eziyinhloko:

• I-analgesic kanye ne-anti-inflammatory: Amagxolo asetshenziswa ku-infusions, amalungiselelo enziwe ekhaya, amaphilisi, kanye nama-tinctures njengokwelashwa kwekhanda elibuhlungu, umkhuhlane, i-osteoarthritis, isifo samathambo, i-rheumatism, i-sciatica, i-lumbago, nobuhlungu bemisipha.
• I-Antipyretic: Yehlisa imfiva ehambisana nomkhuhlane kanye nemikhuhlane.
• I-Astringent: Ilwa nesifo sohudo nezinkinga zesisu ngenxa yokunotha kwayo kuma-tannins.
• I-Anticoagulant: Isiza ukuvimbela i-thrombosis, i-embolism, nezinkinga zenhliziyo, njengoba inciphisa igazi. Gwema kubantu abanezinkinga zokopha.
• Isilawuli se-sedative ne-nervous: Ama-catkins (ama-inflorescences) asiza ekwelapheni ukuqwasha kwemizwa nobuhlungu bokuya esikhathini.

Ukuze kusetshenziswe ngaphandle, amagxolo aphekiwe asetshenziswa njenge-poultice yokuphulukisa kanye ne-anti-inflammatory for amanxeba, ukushisa, izilonda, i-pharyngitis kanye nezifo zomlomo.

Amafomu okuphatha

• Ama-infusions (ikakhulukazi amagxolo namaqabunga amancane)
• Amaphilisi, ama-tinctures, noma okukhishwe okuwuketshezi (okutholakala kuma-herbalists namakhemisi akhethekile)
• Ukugeza imilomo, ama-poultices kanye nokugeza okusetshenziselwa ngaphandle

Gwema ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abangazwani nama-salicylates, abanezilonda, abanezinkinga zokopha, noma izingane ezinezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ngaphambi kokuqala noma yikuphi ukwelashwa okusekelwe kwi-willow.

Curiosities, symbolism kanye namasiko athandwayo

• Incazelo yegama: I-'Salix' iwuhlobo lwe-botanical; 'i-babylonica' ingenxa yenkolelo yakudala (eyiphutha) yokuthi yazalelwa eBhabhiloni.
• Isimboli sokhokho: Njengoba ibhekwa njengesihlahla esingcwele amaCelt, ihlotshaniswa nokuphulukisa, ukuvuselela umjikelezo, ukuhlakanipha, nokuvikelwa. Emasikweni aseMpumalanga, lifanekisela ukuqina, uthando, nokuxhumana nemvelo.
• Isiko lomlingo: Isetshenziselwa ukwenza imilingo, imishanelo, izinsimbi zokubhula nezigqizo ezivikelayo. Ezinganeni zaseYurophu, "ukushaya ukhuni" ukuze uthole inhlanhla kuhlotshaniswa ne-willow.
• Ugqozi lobuciko: I-weeping willow iye yasebenza njengophawu lokudangala nobuhle ezinkondlweni zaseNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga, imidwebo, nomculo.
• Inani lenhlalo namasiko: Ukunikeza i-weeping willow kufanekisela ukuphila isikhathi eside, ubungane, kanye nekhono lokunqoba ubunzima.

Izinyathelo zokuqapha kanye ne-contraindication yokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha

Ukusebenzisana kanye nezingozi

• Unganikeli abantu abangezwani ne-acetylsalicylic acid noma abathatha ama-anticoagulants.
• Akunconywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuncelisa kanye nezingane ezingaphansi 12 iminyaka, ikakhulukazi ngezimpawu zomkhuhlane (ingozi ye-Reye's syndrome).
• Kufanele kugwenywe kubantu abanezilonda zesisu noma ukopha okusebenzayo.
• Ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kokwelapha, thintana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuxazulula nokuvimbela Izinkinga ze-Weeping Willow

• Yibeke kude nengqalasizinda, enhlabathini emanzi futhi evundile.
• Jabulela umthunzi wayo ehlobo kanye nenani layo lokuhlobisa unyaka wonke.
• Sebenzisa amagxolo awo njengekhambi lemvelo, njalo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe.
• Inikela ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zendawo kanye nokuzinza kwemvelo yemvelo.
• Sebenzisa amagatsha amancanyana njenge-ejenti yezimpande yemvelo yokusikwa kwezinye izitshalo.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Weeping willow: Ukunakekela, ukuthena, ukunisela kanye nezinkinga ezivamile