Izitshalo ze-saline, i-alkaline nenhlabathi enzima
Khetha i- izitshalo ezifanele inhlabathi enosawoti kanye ne-alkaline Kubaluleke kakhulu empumelelweni yezingadi, izinsimu, nezindawo ezingaphansi kwezimo ezinzima. Ezindaweni ezomile, ezindaweni ezisogwini, noma ezindaweni lapho ukunisela nokukhipha amanzi kungakabi khona kahle, usawoti kanye ne-alkalinity kunciphisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezilwane. Kodwa-ke, kunezitshalo eziningi ezikwazi ukuchuma futhi zithuthukise ubuhle balezi zindawo.
Kungani eminye inhlabathi iba nosawoti noma ine-alkaline?
I-Los inhlabathi enosawoti Banosawoti omningi oncibilikayo (ama-chlorides, ama-sulfate, ama-carbonates), okwenza kube nzima ukuthi izimpande zimunce amanzi futhi zingabangela ukucindezeleka kwamanzi. Lesi simo sinciphisa ukuvunda komhlabathi, ikhawulela izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo futhi ibangele ukuwohloka kwesakhiwo ngokufanayo.
La i-alkalinity emhlabathini ngokuvamile kubangwa ukuba khona carbonates kanye bicarbonates sodium, calcium ne-magnesium, ekhulisa pH kanye nokunciphisa ukutholakala kwezakhi ezibalulekile (njengensimbi, i-zinc, ne-manganese). Imvula encane kanye nokusetshenziswa njalo kwamanzi okunisela anosawoti kunomthelela kule nkinga, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinemvula encane.
Izitshalo ezinconyiwe zenhlabathi enosawoti kanye ne-alkaline
Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ziyaziwa ngokubekezelela okuphezulu usawoti kanye ne-alkalinity. Lolu hlu luhlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana, oluhlukanisayo izihlahla, isihlahla, izintende, abagibeli, emnandi, herbaceous kanye nezinketho ezithile zenhlabathi ecebile nge-gypsum.
Izihlahla
- I-Acacia spp. - Zonke izinhlobo ze-acacia zibekezelela izimo ezinosawoti kanye ne-alkaline.
- Iphayini le-Aleppo (I-Pinus halepensis) - Ilungele izindawo ezomile kanye ne-gypsum.
- Umnqumo (Olea Europe) – Ingazweli futhi iyakhiqiza emhlabathini ompofu noma onebraki.
- UJujube (Ziphus jujuba) - Ilungele umhlabathi onamazinga aphezulu kasawoti.
- I-cypress ejwayelekile (I-Cupressus sempervirens)
- Arbutus (I-Arbutus unedo)
- Holm oki (I-Quercus ilex subsp ivoti) - Ivamisile ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi ye-calcareous kanye ne-gypsum.
- Ubhabhulini omhlophe (I-Populus alba)
- I-Lagunaria (Lagunaria patersonii)
- uphayini wamatshe (I-Pinus pinea)
- Ipomegranati (IPunica granatum)
- Isihlahla seCarob (ICeratonia siliqua)
Izintende
- I-Palmetto (UChamerops uyazithoba)
- Umuthi wesundu waseCanarian (IPhoenix canariensis)
- IWashingtonia (IWashingtonia filifera, W. ngamandla)
- butia capitata
- Usuku lwesundu (IPhoenix dactylifera)
Izihlahla eziqinile nezihlahla
- U-Oleander (I-oeriander yaseNerium) - Iguquguquka kakhulu futhi ihlotshisiwe.
- UDurillo (I-Viburnum tinus)
- Mastic (IPistacia lentiscus)
- I-Rockrose (I-Cistus spp.)
- I-Teucrio (Ama-fruticans aseTeucrium)
- Romero (URosmarinus officinalis)
- I-Gorse (I-Retama spp., I-Spartium junceum) – Alungisa initrogen futhi amelane nesomiso.
- I-asparagus yasendle (I-Asparagus acutifolius)
- I-Lavender (Lavandula spp.)
- Umshanelo (Umshanelo sphaerocarpa)
- UHeather (U-Erica spp., ICalluna vulgaris)
- UMyrtle (IMyrtus communis)
- ISalado (I-Atriplex halimus)
- I-Chasteberry (I-Vitex agnus-castus)
- I-Torvisco (UDaphne gnidium)
Abagibeli kanye nesembozo sangaphansi
- Bougainvillea (I-Bougainvillea spp.)
- ivy evamile (IHedera helix)
- I-Honeysuckle (I-Lonicera japonica)
- I-Passionflower (I-Passiflora caerulea)
I-Cacti nama-succulents ezindaweni ezinosawoti
- Kalanchoe
- Inhlaba
- Ama-agave
- ISedum
- AmaLithops
- I-Euphorbia
Izitshalo ze-herbaceous futhi ezibekezelela njalo
- Achillea millefolium – Yarrow
- Fescue glauca
- IGazania spp.
- UCineraria maritima
- UDianthus caryophyllus – Carnation
- Izikhali Zasolwandle
- Stachys lanata – Indlebe kaHare
- Thyme (I-Thymus vulgaris)
- Asphodelus albus/ramosus – I-gammon emhlophe nenamagatsha, ilungele inhlabathi enosawoti, igypsum noma inhlabathi enamatshe.
Izitshalo ze-gypsum noma inhlabathi ye-gypsum
- Isihlahla somnqumo sasendle (Olea sylvestris)
- Iphayini le-Aleppo
- Isihogo (URhamnus alaternus)
- I-Cornicabra (IPistacia terebinthus)
- Ephedras (Ephedra spp.)
- I-Orzaga noma usawoti omhlophe (I-Atriplex halimus)
- I-gamon emhlophe (I-Asphodelus albus)
- Umshanelo ovamile (Umshanelo sphaerocarpa)
- I-rosebush yasendle (i-canine rose)
Indlela yokubona nokuthuthukisa inhlabathi enosawoti kanye ne-alkaline
Indlela elula yokubona inhlabathi enosawoti Engadini, kusho ukubheka izimpawu ezitshalweni ezizwelayo, njengokushintsha kombala noma ukukhula okugobile. Isibonelo, uma ubhontshisi utshalwa futhi amaqabunga awo aphenduka abe nsomi esikhundleni sokuba luhlaza, lokhu kubonisa usawoti omningi. Izindawo ezine-efflorescence emhlophe noma uqweqwe phezu komhlabathi nazo zivame ukukhombisa inhlabathi enosawoti.
El pH Kubalulekile ukunquma i-alkalinity. Umhlabathi one-pH engaphezu kuka-7,5 ngokusobala une-alkaline futhi ngokuvamile unomcako obalulekile noma okuqukethwe kwe-gypsum, okuthinta ukutholakala kwensimbi nezinye imisoco.
- Ukulungisa usawoti, ukugeza okuningi ngamanzi asezingeni elihle kungenziwa futhi kuqinisekiswe ukugeleza kwamanzi okwanele.
- Umnikelo wezinto eziphilayo usiza ukuthuthukisa zombili izimo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe ukhonkolo wezolimo (emhlabathini we-sodic) kanye nesibabule (enhlabathini ene-alkaline kakhulu) kuvamile.
Amasu aqhubekayo kanye ne-bioremediation
Ukusetshenziswa kwe izitshalo ze-halophyte kanye nezitshalo zokumboza ezinjengamalegumes azisizi nje kuphela ukunciphisa ubuthi bomhlaba, kodwa futhi zithuthukisa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi nokuvunda ngokwandisa izinto eziphilayo kanye nokukhuthaza ukusebenza kwamagciwane, okuhlanganisa isikhunta se-mycorrhizal kanye namagciwane anenzuzo.
Imikhiqizo efana i-liquid worm castings Bandisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, basize ukulawula usawoti kanye ne-alkalinity, futhi bathuthukise ukumuncwa kwezakhi ezitshalweni, bathuthukise kakhulu impilo yomhlabathi esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside. Lawa manyolo, acebile kuma-microorganisms azuzisayo, aqinisa i-ecosystem futhi avimbele izifo ngokukhuthaza inani elilinganiselwe le-microbial ku-rhizosphere.
Ukukhetha kwe izinhlobo eziguquliwe, kanye namasu e-agronomic afana nokushintshaniswa kwezitshalo, ukutshala imbewu ngokuqondile, ukuchitshiyelwa kwamaminerali kanye nomanyolo we-organic, kuvumela ukwakhiwa kwezikhala eziluhlaza ezikhiqizayo ngisho nasenhlabathini enobutha ekuqaleni.
Ukujwayela ukwakheka kwamapaki nezingadi ukuze kuhambisane nezimo ze inhlabathi enosawoti kanye ne-alkaline Kwenza ukuba zilulame futhi kugqugquzele ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, kuvimbele ukucekelwa phansi futhi kukhiqize indawo eqinile, evundile futhi eqhubekayo.
