Isingeniso Sokuhlukaniswa Kwembewu Yezihlahla Eziphukayo
La ukuhlunga imbewu Kuyinqubo ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni izinhlobo eziningi zezihlahla ezivuthuluka. Kumayelana nokulingisa izimo zasebusika ukuthi lezi zimbewu zidinga ukwephula ukulala o i-latency, isimo esizivimbela ekukhuleni. Le nqubo ibalulekile hhayi kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhluma ngesikhathi, kodwa futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo ezincane khula unempilo futhi uqine.
Ikwindla isikhathi esikahle sokwenza ukuhlukaniswa, njengoba kuhambisana nomjikelezo wemvelo wezinhlobo eziningi zezihlahla. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola inqubo enemininingwane ye ukuhlunga imbewu, okuhlanganisa izimo ezifanele, izindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, nezinye izinhlobo ezivamile ezidinga lokhu kwelashwa.
Yini i-Stratification?
I-stratification ihlanganisa ukubeka imbewu ku-a unomswakama ophakathi futhi zibeke emazingeni okushisa abandayo, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-2ºC no-5ºC, ukuze zilingise ubusika. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvumela i ukulala ukuzinza ngokomzimba kwembewu, ngaleyo ndlela kuzisiza ukuba ziqhume lapho kufika intwasahlobo. Ngaphandle kwe-stratification, abaningi imbewu ngeke iqhume, njengoba izambatho zangaphandle zingase zimelane nazo hydration noma aqukethe ama-germination inhibitors. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana nale nqubo, bheka Kuyini i-seed stratification?.
Izindlela ze-Stratification
Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwenza i-seed stratification. Ezivame kakhulu zichazwe ngezansi:
- I-Cold Stratification: Le ndlela ihlanganisa ukubeka imbewu endaweni emanzi, njenge-peat noma isihlabathi, bese uyifaka efrijini isikhathi esithile, ngokuvamile phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-1 kuya kwezingu-3, kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni.
- I-Hot Stratification: Ezinye izimbewu zidinga isikhathi sokuqala sokushisa ngaphambi kokuhlukaniswa okubandayo. Lokhu kungahluka phakathi kuka-20 no-30ºC amaviki ambalwa.
- I-Alternate Stratification: Ezinhlotsheni ezithile, umjikelezo wokushisa nokubanda uhlanganiswa ngezigaba eziningana. Isibonelo, ungaqala ngenyanga yesimo sezulu esifudumele, kulandele isikhathi eside sezulu esibandayo.
- Ukuhlelwa Kwemvelo: Kwezinye izimo, imbewu ingahlungwa ngokwemvelo uma ihlwanyelwe ngaphandle ebusika, lapho izovezwa khona ezimweni ezifanele.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi inqubo ye stratation ingase yehluke ohlotsheni lwesihlahla ngasinye futhi okulandelayo kufanele kucatshangelwe: izici ezithile ngamunye ukuze aphumelele ukuhluma.
Mila imbewu yezihlahla ezivuthulukayo kungaba inqubo eyimpumelelo uma izinto zenziwe ngendlela efanele.
Izinhlobo Ezivamile Ezidinga Ukuhlukaniswa
Izinhlobo eziningana zezihlahla ezivuthulukayo zilungele ukuhlukaniswa kwembewu. Ezinye ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- I-Acer campestre (Ibalazwe lelanga)
- I-Acer garnatense (Imephu)
- I-Fraxinus angustifolia (Umlotha)
- I-Malus sylvestris (Inkalankala apula)
- I-Viburnum tinus (UDurillo)
Lezi zihlahla zivame ukusetshenziswa ku ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nakumaphrojekthi we ukubuyiselwa kwemvelo, ngakho elungile stratification imbewu yabo Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izithombo ziyahlangana okulindelwe ukukhula kanye nokuzivumelanisa nemvelo yabo.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu zalezi zihlahla ziyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekutshalweni kwazo, siqinisekise ukuthi kulandelwa izindlela ezifanele.
Inqubo enemininingwane yokuhlanganisa
Inqubo ye-stratification ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana:
- I-Hydration yokuqala: Imbewu kufanele ifakwe emanzini ekamelweni lokushisa amahora angu-24-48. Lokhu kubalulekile ku- ulwelwesi lwembewu thambisa futhi umunce umswakama.
- Imiksi ye-Substrate: Lapho imbewu isinamanzi, ixutshwa ne-substrate engasebenzi njenge-peat, i-vermiculite noma isihlabathi. Le substrate kufanele ibe manzi, kodwa ingabi namanzi, ukuze igweme isikhunta futhi i ukubola kusukela imbewu.
- Isiqandisi: Faka imbewu exutshwe ne-substrate ezikhwameni ezingangeni moya noma ezitsheni bese uzibeka esiqandisini ezingeni lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-2ºC no-5ºC. Lesi sinyathelo kufanele sigcinwe izinsuku ezingama-30 kuye kwezingama-90, kuye ngezici zezinhlobo.
- Ukuqinisekiswa Kwezikhathi: Ngesikhathi sokuqandisa, kubalulekile ukuhlola imbewu masonto onke ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-substrate igcina umswakama ngokwanele nokuthi azikho izimpawu zesikhunta.
- Ukuhlwanyela: Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa, imbewu kufanele itshalwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele ngaphandle noma embhedeni wembewu lapho ingahlinzekwa khona. ukunakekelwa okudingekayo.
Ukulawula ngokucophelela isikhathi, izinga lokushisa kanye nezimo zomswakama kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo endaweni ukuhluma imbewu stratified.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwembewu kuyinqubo engagcini nje ngokukhuthaza ukuhluma kodwa futhi esiza izithombo ukuthi zivumelane kangcono nendawo ezikuyo. Ngokuqonda ukuthi imbewu isebenza kanjani nokuthi idingani ukuze iqhume, abalimi kanye nochwepheshe bokutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ezikhuthaza impilo yesikhathi eside yezitshalo zabo. Ukusebenzisa ngendlela efanele lezi zindlela zokuhlukanisa kuzovumela amazinga okuhluma angcono futhi kube neqhaza ngempumelelo ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokongiwa kwe eziphilayo.
Okokugcina, nakuba ukubeka izingqimba kungase kubonakale kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, ngokuzijwayeza nokunaka imininingwane, noma ubani onentshisekelo yokulima ingadi noma ukulima angakwazi futhi ajabulele izinzuzo ezikunikezayo ekukhiqizeni. izihlahla ezinempilo.
